Desmistificando historicamente o discurso norte-americano

Resenha de: LOSURDO, Domenico. A linguagem do império: léxico da ideologia estadunidense, tradução de Jaime A. Clasen. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2010.

Apontamentos para uma crítica marxista do direito

Este artigo apresenta alguns apontamentos para uma sociologia jurídica marxista. Para isso, apreende o deslocamento do lugar do direito na obra marxiana a partir d A ideologia alemã e, em seguida, decompõe e analisa a questão jurídica em três planos: 1) relação de produção como relação jurídica, 2) as relações sociais institucionalizadas como formas jurídico-estatais socialmente reconhecidas como legítimas e 3) o direito como a ideologia jurídica (sistema de normas, crenças e valores segundo uma forma discursiva própria) que recobre os dois elementos anteriores e lhes atribui sentido e validade moral.

A organização da informação hipertextual no artigo jornalístico: em busca das marcas ideológicas

Discusses some aspects of newspaper hypertextual article in order to find their ideological marks. Assumes that the choice of the element of contact with other texts (links), when producing an article reveals the author's ideology and the institution he represents. Intends to offer the less experienced reader of news, conditions to the development of more fruitful reading. Argues that reading is a process of interaction between reader and text and that requires the presence of an active reader, able to construct new meanings. Establishes as a general objective to identify the ideological marks presents in hypertext and its relation to the critical reading of the media. This theme is treated with special attention to its educational aspects, aiming at understanding the reality that educators must become familiar with, in order to turn more effective the processes of education for the media.

Os filhos do Lago do Cuniã: educação escolar em uma reserva extrativista da Amazônia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uma análise dialógica de crônicas de Josué Machado: discursos em conflito

This coursework aims the dialogical analysis of discourses that constitute the statements given by Josué Machado, a journalist in the magazine Língua Portuguesa, publishing Segmento. The research aims to observe the ideologies that mark the statements in question, regarding to the values of the standard language and the quality of a text. Methodologically, we seek the understanding of how the discourse of analyzed chronic , publicized during the stated period from number 32 to number 70, dialogues with purist discourse and the discourse of sociolinguistics. The methodological theoretical support covers Bakhtinian studies of the discourse. The results show that the subject who enunciates in the analyzed chronicles shows in his speech a purist voice, in which the discourse of clarity takes emphasis. The values that define his discourse about language are those that prevail in the sphere of journalism

O poder da televisão na construção da infância

Com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia, os meios de comunicação de massa evoluíram gradativamente. Neste cenário atual, a televisão representa um dos meios mais poderosos, visto que sua capacidade de alcance abarca milhões de pessoas, dentre elas, o público infantil. Frente aos recursos utilizados, como a exploração de imagens e sons, capazes de acionar as mais variadas emoções, observa-se a presença de um discurso ideológico que, estando aliado ao consumo, propõe mascarar as relações de fragmentação social. Tal discurso é dissipado pela televisão, e encontra-se inserido no universo infantil, denotando aspecto de preocupação. Por isso, a presente pesquisa consiste num trabalho de investigação e crítica acerca dos valores perpassados pela ideologia da classe dominante através da TV, revelando a urgência da discussão e da educação voltadas para a formação de telespectadores críticos, desde sua infância.

A cultura da escola e a cultura na escola: um estudo sobre políticas de subjetivação na sociedade contemporânea

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Regime nazista: as teorias ideológicas e educacionais moldando a formação do indivíduo nazi

O período correspondente ao Terceiro Reich alemão (1933-1945), quando a Alemanha esteve sob o domínio do Regime Nazista, foi caracterizado pelo alto grau de violência, de dominação e de exterminação em massa, e, também, pelo envolvimento “voluntário” de crianças e jovens na luta por um ideal que não lhes pertencia, as quais foram, desde a mais tenra idade, doutrinadas para matar e morrer em nome desse ideal. Para atingir esse fim, teorias, supostamente comprovadas, foram concebidas e incorporadas a educação de modo a fazer dela o grande veículo condutor da dominação que se pretendia. Por este motivo, o seu estudo se torna de grande importância para se pensar na educação – do presente e do futuro -, no sentido de sua utilização para atingir fins que não possuem como premissa a formação do sujeito livre e emancipado, capaz de agir de forma reflexiva e autônoma no mundo em que vive. No presente trabalho, pretende-se apresentar o resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida a partir da revisão bibliográfica, sobre o contexto histórico, social, econômico e educativo da Alemanha nazista com a finalidade de proceder ao levantamento e a análise de dados e informações em torno dos principais fatores que contribuíram para a ascensão do Partido Nazista, na figura de seu líder, Adolf Hitler. O objetivo maior deste trabalho foi buscar argumentos que possibilitassem a compreensão em torno dos motivos que levaram os jovens e as crianças a seguirem Hitler e o seu ideal até as últimas consequências. Como metodologia utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, com base qualitativa e em caráter historiográfico e exploratório. O material bibliográfico analisado trouxe diversas possibilidades que, apesar de não conclusivas, permitiram a compreensão em torno da eficácia dos mecanismos educativos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

As entrelinhas dos contos de fadas: ponte para eternizar ideologias

Literature has a role to contribute in the affective, cultural and cognitive development os chindren and it also accumulates the function to form readers among others. Among several genres, there are the fairy tales that are eternal in the western culture and they are the first genres to be read spontaneously at home or to be taught at school. As all the symbolic language, the fairy tales are steeped in ideologies. Thus, the aim of this research is to investigate if the existing ideologies in two fairy tales – Cinderella and The Sleeping Beauty, both from Perrault, influence children between 9 and 10 years old as subjects. An empiric research of quantitative and qualitative approach was done and its data analysis followed the method of Content Analysis, and it has as register analysis unit the word, and of context the sentence (children’s answer). The choice os the classify the categories it was used the syntactic criteria because it’s the most appropriate to refer to register units from ideologies identified by scholars in the area. The results show that children with 9 and 10 years old are influenced by implied ideologies existing in the two fairy tales used in the process of data collection

Análise do contexto histórico-social e das marcas deixadas no discurso pelo enunciador em diferentes versões do conto de fadas cinderela

Bettelheim (2007), analyzing the infant psyche concluded that for the child to gain self-esteem and develop a balanced sense of self, need to learn to take certain decisions on a daily basis, which will be facilitated by identifying their problems, designed in the stories that are told (or read). Thus, it could find solutions and feel safer. Based on the reading of fairy tales, we dealt with this research, the resumption of fairy tales in homes and schools, in order to help parents and teachers to get parameters to work thinking of their children and students, from such stories, awakening the taste of children by reading and text production. The proposal considered different versions of the fairy tale Cinderella, noting as the moralizing process the messages each approach, and explores the plot and determines which versions would be appropriate for the psycho-cognitive development of children. We also investigated aspects pertinent to the narrative structure, based on literary theory, in order to work in comparative literature. From the discourse analysis, sought to address the marks left by the utterer, capable of denoting its cargo and its ideological worldview projected in the story, although he re-create the history and environment on real facts of a particular period (MARTINS, 2007)

Filmes infantis contemporâneos: a identificação dos valores de uma sociedade de consumo no enredo e nas ações das personagens

There is realized in the last years a growing increase of the field of the goods turned to the childlike public. This world of objects is accompanied by an ideological world of fantasy allied to the act of consumption. The present inquiry consists of a work of reflection about the pertaining values to this ideology of the society of consumption propagated in the plot of childlike contemporary movies, in a sense of be positioning critically in front of the social and moral questions.

As metamorfoses no espaço com o advento da Copa do Mundo no Brasil: estudos sobre o distrito de Itaquera-SP

The present work discuss the reproduction of the social relations from the point of view of the new urban production relations - having as empirical universe for analysis-, the Itaquera district in the Sao Paulo metropolis, with the advent of the World Cup in Brazil. Starting with the reading of a reality in movement, in which the analysis walks covering the dialectic relationship between space and society, where the first is translated into product and life reproduction condition, aiming to unveil the metamorphoses that will take place in the urban space with its consequent contradiction, what it may be the expanded capital reproduction concomitantly with the process that denounces a spoliation movement of the social space. With the society approval before these big architectural projects enabled by ideology, it’s determined the (re) production of artificial spaces of consumption, funded for the capital extension. The current stage that the capitalism reveals a space turned into mass consumption merchandise, consequence of the victory of the exchange value over the usage value, amalgamated in positive measures of expulsion/sweeping of low income socio-economic layers

A dimensão político-pedagógica da “comunicação sem equívocos” frente aos desafios da escola para todos: novos lugares interpretativos para a prática docente

The aim of this paper is to present some considerations on discursive positions that challenge the textual production of a student from Cycle II Elementary School. We intend to show how a biased reading of the student’s text might not observe significant textual features and disregard the student’s level of literacy, thus ignoring the insertion of this writing in a socio-historical context. Such an approach, while defined by ideology, is determined by the pedagogical discourse that focuses on formal patterns of language, which prevents the teacher from identifying rich and interesting linguistic and textual procedures in the text in question, indicative of the student's literacy and his/her potential for authorship. This reading mostly denies the efforts that have been made to reverse the exclusion of public schools students, weakening the idealist discourse that claims for a “school for everybody”.

A abordagem histórica do letramento: Ecos da memória na atualidade

The word literacy acquired a polysemy spectrum which put it away from the notion of social and historic process, at the same time that associates it to codification and decodification of writing. Concerning to this last perspective, we would have nothing to add. However, we sustain, in this paper, considering Pêcheux´s Discourse Analysis and Lacanian Psychoanalysis approaches, that there is a conception of literacy as a phenomenon which influences indirectly individuals and cultures for whom the competence of writing is not established. In this sense, the concept of literacy is larger than alphabetization. As an evidence of this proposal, we analyze a text written by a student, that demanded him to write about a context distant from his own, and, to do so, he mobilized places from the archive and from his particular memory, showing a singular knowledge of writing culture, even though his text presents interpenetration of oral an writing forms, aspect that is not allowed by those who defend an a-historical conception of literacy. We discuss that the student’s text ran away from the reduction of a merely pedagogic ideology and reflects a discursive coherence in face of the challenge that was proposed to him. By the end of this paper, we propose that the teachers should search for devices that make easier for their students to write texts in which their authorship could emerge.