Fatores de sucesso no desenvolvimento de novos produtos em pequenas empresas: um estudo de caso em um fabricante de equipamentos para g��s natural veicular

This study presents itself as a contribution to the solidification of the Natural Gas industry, within the scope of the development of new products. The goal of this paper is to analyze the factors that lead to the success of new products through the evaluation of the activities done during the process of development of these products in the Natural Gas sector. To achieve this goal a case study was done in a small company of this segment. At first, as a basis for the study, a bibliographical research was done with books, theses, dissertations, monographies, publications in national and international periodicals, congress annals and publications in the internet related to the subject. Afterwards, a case study was done, aiming at the acquisition of further knowledge about the real process of development of products in a small company of the Natural Gas sector, allowing for the performance of the evaluation. The case study was done at Gas Project and Systems do Brasil, a company that works with the development of electronic equipment to the conversion of car engines to natural gas, through direct observations and interviews with the person responsible for the development and management of products. Through the evaluation of the process it was observed that the activities related to it are done in an informal way and some activities are considered unnecessary for their success. The results also suggest an emphasis in the technological activities, something that was not observed in the activities related to the market. The instruments used in this evaluation prove to be efficient to evaluate the process of development of new products in other companies, including those of different areas. Taking into account the relevance of the studied theme to the strengthening of the Natural Gas industry, it is necessary to do further complementary studies

An��lise da influ��ncia da qualidade em um ciclo de servi��os na satisfa����o do cliente: estudo de caso em uma institui����o de ensino.

With the increasing offer of education services in Brazil, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of service in education, especially in those institutions for vocational education which have a greater interaction with the labor market, in order to form qualified professionals and meet the growing demand that the country has today[A1] . In Brazil, the evaluation of the quality of library services has influenced the assessment of educational institutions and in this context, there needs to be a process to monitor the quality of services provided by libraries. However, the service is not done in a single moment and thus to a more detailed assessment it needs to be measured and evaluated each different time the customer uses it. Therefore, the aim of this work consists in measuring the quality in every moment of truth of a cycle of library services to assess which are the most relevant moments in the client's perspective at the library of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN) Campus Jo��o C��mara in building the overall quality of service. In the literature review, internal secondary sources were used, from the database of the institution studied, and also external sources, through literature in books, articles, dissertations, theses and journals on compost quality, service quality, cycle services, measuring quality, satisfaction, teaching activities, and on library services specifically. We applied a questionnaire to students in the library based on models of quality measurement SERVPERF and SERVQUAL and its variations such as SERVQUAL pondered and SERVPERF pondered . Through analysis based on concepts of reliability and validity of measuring instruments, it was found that the SERVPERF model is the instrument that most closely matches the dimensions of quality assessed in the library with customer satisfaction measured by the questionnaire. From there, the search results as measured by statistical techniques of analysis, indicated that the initial and final moments of truth of the cycle of service quality had the greatest influence on overall customer satisfaction with the library service

Din��mica da Plasticidade Sin��ptica em neur��nios do hipocampo durante ciclos de sono: um estudo computacional

Several research lines show that sleep favors memory consolidation and learning. It has been proposed that the cognitive role of sleep is derived from a global scaling of synaptic weights, able to homeostatically restore the ability to learn new things, erasing memories overnight. This phenomenon is typical of slow-wave sleep (SWS) and characterized by non-Hebbian mechanisms, i.e., mechanisms independent of synchronous neuronal activity. Another view holds that sleep also triggers the specific enhancement of synaptic connections, carrying out the embossing of certain mnemonic traces within a lattice of synaptic weights rescaled each night. Such an embossing is understood as the combination of Hebbian and non-Hebbian mechanisms, capable of increasing and decreasing respectively the synaptic weights in complementary circuits, leading to selective memory improvement and a restructuring of synaptic configuration (SC) that can be crucial for the generation of new behaviors ( insights ). The empirical findings indicate that initiation of Hebbian plasticity during sleep occurs in the transition of the SWS to the stage of rapid eye movement (REM), possibly due to the significant differences between the firing rates regimes of the stages and the up-regulation of factors involved in longterm synaptic plasticity. In this study the theories of homeostasis and embossing were compared using an artificial neural network (ANN) fed with action potentials recorded in the hippocampus of rats during the sleep-wake cycle. In the simulation in which the ANN did not apply the long-term plasticity mechanisms during sleep (SWS-transition REM), the synaptic weights distribution was re-scaled inexorably, for its mean value proportional to the input firing rate, erasing the synaptic weights pattern that had been established initially. In contrast, when the long-term plasticity is modeled during the transition SWSREM, an increase of synaptic weights were observed in the range of initial/low values, redistributing effectively the weights in a way to reinforce a subset of synapses over time. The results suggest that a positive regulation coming from the long-term plasticity can completely change the role of sleep: its absence leads to forgetting; its presence leads to a positive mnemonic change

Concord��ncias e discord��ncias de Dewey com Freud

Este artigo exp��e ideias de Sigmund Freud sobre temas que s��o fundamentais para compreender o homem contempor��neo: a constitui����o do psiquismo; a forma����o e a resolu����o das patologias mentais; a cultura em sentido amplo e a educa����o como elemento mediador entre o indiv��duo e a sociedade. O objetivo �� apresentar e comparar as an��lises feitas por John Dewey sobre esses mesmos temas, tomando por base o livro Human nature and conduct. As compara����es entre os discursos freudiano e deweyano s��o feitas por meio da metodologia proposta por Cha��m Perelman no livro Tratado da argumenta����o (elaborado em coautoria com Olbrechts-Tyteca), que busca esclarecer as estrat��gias argumentativas usadas por um autor para obter ou aumentar a ades��o ��s teses propostas e, com isso, despertar a����es concretas. As conclus��es sugerem que, embora Dewey discorde de Freud, existem pontos de concord��ncia entre ambos, especialmente no que diz respeito ao significado dos impulsos e da sublima����o e �� concep����o de que o conhecimento �� mut��vel e impreciso, o que rejeita a cren��a em certezas absolutas e insere as decis��es e a����es humanas no ��mbito da probabilidade.

A argumenta����o na peti����o inicial

This research investigates current sense effects at the use of linguistic resources of the argument in a corpus constituted by juridical pieces (Initial Petitions), that gave opportunity to actions originated from the Civil Special Court of the District of Currais Novos-RN. For this purpose it was established a relation between the Law and the Linguistics, mediated by the focus of the Argumentative Semantics, emphasizing, in a special way, the use of argumentative operators, which inserted in the own language, in its grammar, assume the orientation of the speech and the modalizers use, important mechanisms in the construction of the sense of the text and in the signalling in the way as that that one say is said,. This way, we began the investigation of that gender choosing as study object the section of the facts , that comprehends a part of Initial Petition where is explanted the narration of events that gave margin to the proposal for the Action. In face of the study object and the aim to be reached it was appealed, methodologically, to the notion of Rhetoric since from the classic antiquity to the emergence of the New present Rhetoric in Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005) that, at the present time, is inserted in the studies of the Pragmatic connected to the central theses of the Ducrot s thinking (1977, 1980, 1987). Such referential allowed us to a better understanding about the production of the juridical speech on the part of the operators of the Law, as well as, to analyze in way wide the current sense effects from the use of argument linguistic marks the juridical speech. The data showed that such marks are indispensable elements to the construction of the textual web, particularly when in the range of the juridical argumentation, since they direct the speech for certain conclusions. However, we have observed that in the texts produced by the lawyers the use of those linguistic resources not always takes place in an appropriate way. The texts analyzed have also showed that it is possible to unmask, through the linguistic resources, the argumentative strategy employed by the authors for convincing of the magistrate, making evident that language is more than a system of signs, which it makes possible to see beyond the limit of the words and statements. Finally, we have verified that the categories analyzed, when used appropriately, are elements that engender argumentative maneuvers of effectiveness in the juridical text, being fundamental pieces which give argumentative strength the text, making the speech to move forward, not only the juridical, but the speech produced in any domain of the knowledge

Estrat��gias argumentativas na constru����o do discurso ideol��gico: um estudo da produ����o did��tico-pedag��gica do meb

This research studies the argumentative process developed by the Basis Educational Movement (MEB), using as corpus the booklet Viver �� lutar , and other lesson plans of the Educational Rural Radio from Natal. It has as objectives reveal the argumentative strategies in the discursive production of MEB, exploring the meaning effects suggested by its production conditions, and the ideological positions defended, in addition to this, verify how the booklet and the radio classes dialogued in the argumentation of their theses. So, the study is guided by the Discourse Analysis presuppositions, by the Argumentation Theory, by the conceptions of Popular Education, as well as the conception language dialogical language conception, recurring to Bakhtin (1995). The research adopts the documental characteristic of qualitative nature with an interpretative basis. The analysis of the data permitted us to confirm that the pedagogical didactic material discourse of MEB was produced in a social-historical-ideological context in what the education was seen as a social liberation instrument, being able to transform the Brazilian people and the Brazilian unequal structure. The results reveal that the booklet and the classes assume a position remarkably in favor of the popular classes, structured by the argumentative techniques that intended to convince, and to persuade the auditorium. Thus, the argument was based initially on the convincing of youths and of adults for, afterwards, to construct a persuasion to the learners, in terms of referring to act on the reality to transform it, according to their desires of social justice

O Arbusto dos Anjos

A presente disserta����o de mestrado, intitulada O ARBUSTO DOS ANJOS, apresentada ao Programa de P��s-gradua����o em Estudos da Linguagem, do CCHLA/UFRN, para obten����o do t��tulo de Mestra em Estudos da Linguagem, objetiva realizar uma leitura da obra anjosiana Eu (1912), de modo a identificar, no teor dial��tico de seus versos, uma atitude cr��tica do poeta frente �� realidade institu��da, assumindo, para tanto, dimens��es ut��picas que o fazem vislumbrar outras possibilidades de exist��ncia. Como fundamenta����o te��rica, ap��ia-se em Nietzsche, em cujos textos de A Vontade de Poder (1884-1888) toma de empr��stimo uma concep����o de niilismo d��spar do fatalismo e da resigna����o, porque voltada para uma nega����o das verdades institu��das; tamb��m baseia-se no pensamento de Benjamin, em suas Teses sobre o conceito de hist��ria (1940), de onde �� poss��vel enxergar, no desvio revolucion��rio pelo passado, uma oportunidade de construir um futuro diferente do agora. O estudo analisa alguns poemas de Augusto dos Anjos, tomando-os como realidade criadora que mant��m pontos de contato com a realidade imediata do poeta. Apoiando-se no m��todo de an��lise de Antonio Candido (2004), esta disserta����o privilegia o estudo de cinco sonetos constituintes do Eu, a saber: O L��zaro da P��tria , Ricordanza della mia Giovent�� , A ��rvore da Serra , Debaixo do Tamarindo e Vozes da Morte . Identifica na sua abordagem l��rica rasgadora de normas e aglutinadora de sonhos, o fundamento paradoxal que sustenta o niilismo ut��pico de Augusto dos Anjos, no qual protagoniza a voz dos oprimidos, digna de ser recordada no espa��o sempre emblem��tico do texto liter��rio

O ex��lio no romance primavera com una esquina rota de Mario Benedetti

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior

A est��tica transcendental kantiana �� luz de Strawson

This work s objective is to make a literal interpretation of Kant s Aesthetic transcendental, the first pilaster of sustentation of the epistemology of Kant and to interpret it at Strawson s light. It contains the doctrine of sensitivity responsible for the intuitions, which rests on the concepts of space and time, and, with this, the tematiza����o of two important questions. For Kant s philosophy in its epistemologic source what s the importance of the concepts of and time? How these concepts of space and time inscribe themselves with such statute as an investigatory task of metaphysics? The specification of the concepts of space and time as ingredients of the theories treated and enrolled in this work are segmented of the Aesthetic transcendental of Kant, and interpreted under Strawson s light. The research is divided in two chapter; first, constituted of two parts, the first part presents an introduction to the Aesthetic transcendental of Kant, to show the doctrine of the sensitivity which is part of with its forms space and time, authentic forms of the intuition. The second chapter, is constituted of four parts, that deal with the interpretation of the austere model of Strawson and related with Kant s transcendental Aesthetic. The conclusion of our work, about the declared objection of Strawson in its austere interpretation that refuses the idea of space and time, even keeping its a priori character, cannot be accepted. The apriority, the intuitivity and the ideality are theories non-separable in a coherent boarding of space and time of Kant s model of epistemology

T�� estin An��mnesis? uma an��lise da an��mnesis no m��non de Plat��o

Cette th��se a pour objectif principal examiner comment les M��non, Platon listes l'an��mnesis avec les autres th��ories qui sont abord��s dans ce dialogue et, par cons��quent, essayer de comprendre ce que c'est. Cette recherche vise dans un premier temps situ��es dans d'autres dialogues de Platon la survenance du terme anamn��sis �� veifique les points qui relient ces oeuvres �� clarifier la compr��hension d'un plus appropri�� dans le M��non. Jetez-y aussi, quels sont les ��l��ments de la platonicienne th��orie de la connaissance sera reliant le dialogue afin de prouver que le M��non, qui est la question centrale aret��, garde un conflit dans la sophistique et la philosophie. Ce choc entre ce qui se passe papapep indirectement par l'interm��diaire de son M��non enseign��, et Socrates qui conteste la th��se de l'��thique et le relativisme ��pist��mologique. Nous voyons aussi, de quelle mani��re le dialogue est donn��e de prendre une voie d'acc��s au savoir qui est configur�� comme s��rs, �� savoir an��mn��sis. L'interrogatoire de M��non depuis le d��but dans les appels d'enqu��ter ��ristique cet int��r��t, que lorsqu'ils sont confront��s �� des int��r��ts les am��nerait �� l'��tat apor��tique initial et qui est progressivement remplac�� par l'aporie fondamental de connaissance, ce n'est point pour aporie la compr��hension de an��mnesis. En prenant la dialectique comme m��thode d'enqu��te dans le dialogue, il est n��cessaire de la part de Socrates et M��non, de quitter le didaskein et en profiter pour math��sis que la construction des connaissances. Il ouvre de mani��re un des principaux enjeux dans ce travail examine si le an��mnesis permettre l'acc��s aux moyens et si elle a un statut similaire �� mn��me. �� un moment o�� Socrate explique dans le dialogue qui est le an��mnesis par monstration monstration fait avec esclave de M��non il est l'utilisation d'��l��ments mythiques que, selon notre analyse, permettre �� comprendre le sens de dialogue les connaissances qui montre l'opportunit�� d'apprendre, qui est la an��mnesis

��tica: neuroc��ncia e neuro��tica

L ��tude de la neuro��tique, est plac��e dans le champs de l ��tique philosophique, o�� l ��motion et la ration se trouve comme des elements important dans le processus des decition moral. Les champs d ��tude de la neuroscience et neuro��thique ouvre la discussion sur le changement et les emergences conceptuels, le progr��s da la science, le dev��loppement de la tecnique, de la tecnhologie et la biotecnologie, et ses relations vis-a-vis des dilemes morales concernat au champs des ��tudes et recherches dans ce domaine. On compprende que les procedures adopt��s em ces ��tudes et recherches ne sont pas concernant solement aux individus soumises aux procedures et or traitement, mas a tout la societ��. Le champs d ��tude de la neuroscience comme quelque d outre est soumis a des principles morales et ��tiques, sourtout c est relatifs aux prises de decition par rapport aux ��tres vivants. Dans ces processus les scientifiques sont charch��es des responsabilit��s et des risques, en face des dilemes morales concernat a tout les recherches. L analise a ��t�� faite, appui dentre outres, en la pens��e de Immanuel Kant et Jonh Stuart Mill em ce que dit respect au devoir et l utilit��

Maus ares e mal��ria: entre os p��ntanos de Natal e o feroz mosquito africano (1892-1932)

The development of epidemiological practices in the last years of the nineteenth and early twentieth century was characterized by both an influence of medical geography and the emergence of microbes and vectors of diseases. Both theories were used to explain outbreaks in Rio Grande do Norte specially in Natal. In this process were organized new institutions linked to public health, unhealthy spaces and prescribed hygiene measures. The redefinitions of the spaces were linked to updated elements of Hippocratic medicine such as aerism and emphasis on medical topography. How the physicians of the town were organized in the face of new meanings and fields of expertise in the demarcation of diseases and regulation of their own practices against the illegal medical practitioners? Likewise, the very occurrence of epidemics mobilized people, urban institutions and apparatuses. But how the Hippocratic legacy that leads to the idea of bad air originated by swamps from the eighteenth and nineteenth century has been linked to new microbial assumptions and disease vectors in the early twentieth century? How an invader from Africa, (the mosquito A. gambiae) mobilized transnational efforts to combat malaria and redefined the epidemiological practices? The aim of this work is to understand how epidemiological practices redefine the way we define spaces, practices and disease from both an approach influenced by a relational history of spaces and a theoretical synergy which includes topics in Science Studies, Post Structuralist Geography and some elements of Feminist Studies. Documentary research were surveyed in the reports of the provincial presidents, government posts to the Provincial Assembly, specialized medical articles and theses, and documents from the Rockefeller Foundation and national and international journals. In this regard shall be given to both material and discursive aspects of space-related practical epidemiological that Natal as much (in general) Rio Grande do Norte between bad air and malaria.

O Comit�� pela anistia no Rio Grande do Norte e a Associa����o Norte-Rio-Grandense de Anistiados Pol��ticos como espa��os de hist��ria, mem��ria e pol��tica(1979-2001)

This work is about a search that takes the Comit�� pela Anistia no Rio Grande do Norte and the Associa����o Norte-Rio-Grandense de Anistiados Pol��ticos as Political Spaces capable of expressing History, Memory and Politic. And has as main objective analyzing the amnesty process in the State from these Spaces of political struggle and of resistance, from the 1970s until the early 2000s. The discussion of amnesty and struggle for rights and remedies are still present today on the political agenda of the country, which demonstrates the importance and the incompleteness of the amnesty. Beyond the oral sources, which are essential for understanding periods of oppression, we also used written sources, such as digital and printed newspapers, laws, meeting minutes, pamphlets of political parties, magazines, theses, dissertations, among others. We made the crossing of oral sources with written guides us as Paul Thompson, highlighting the importance of Memory, especially of Collective Memory in line with the perception of Maurice Halbwachs. Work the concept of history approached by Jacques Le Goff and Politic from the perspective of Hannah Arendt. And consider the space from the approach taken by Doreen Massey

Avalia����o por resson��ncia magn��tica funcional e estimula����o magn��tica transcraniana da interven����o ��nica da terapia espelho em pacientes ap��s acidente vascular cerebral isqu��mico

Mirror therapy (MT) is being used as a rehabilitation tool in various diseases, including stroke. Although some studies have shown its effectiveness, little is known about neural mechanisms that underlie the rehabilitation process. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing cortical neuromodulation after a single MT intervention in ischemic stroke survivors, by means of by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). Fifteen patients participated in a single thirty minutes MT session. fMRI data was analyzed bilaterally in the following Regions of Interest (ROI): Supplementary Motor Area (SMA), Premotor cortex (PMC), Primary Motor cortex (M1), Primary Sensory cortex (S1) and Cerebellum. In each ROI, changes in the percentage of occupation and beta values were computed. Group fMRI data showed a significant decreased in the percentage of occupation in PMC and cerebellum, contralateral to the affected hand (p <0.05). Significant increase in beta values was observed in the following contralateral motor areas: SMA, Cerebellum, PMC and M1 (p<0,005). Moreover, a significant decrease was observed in the following ipsilateral motor areas: PMC and M1 (p <0,001). In S1 a bilateral significant decrease (p<0.0005) was observed.TMS consisted of the analysis of Motor Evoked Potential (MEP) of M1 hotspot. A significant increase in the amplitude of the MEP was observed after therapy in the group (p<0,0001) and individually in 4 patients (p <0.05). Altogether, our results imply that single MT intervention is already capable of promoting changes in neurobiological markers toward patterns observed in healthy subjects. Furthermore, the contralateral hemisphere motor areas changes are opposite to the ones in the ipsilateral side, suggesting an increase system homeostasis.

Avalia����o imuno-histoqu��mica da BMP-2, BMP-4 e seus receptores (BMPRIA e BMPRII) em ameloblastomas e tumor odontog��nico adenomat��ide

BMPs are components superfamily ligands transformation growth fator-&#946; (TGF-&#946;) secreted into the extracellular environment, with mechanisms of intercellular communication through specific ligands and receptors in various target cells, being recognized for its influence in osteogenic induction, also play an important role in tissue homeostasis, cell proliferation, differentiation control , in addition to being present in the development of various malignancies. The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of BMP-2, BMP-4 and its receptors BMPRIA and BMPRII in cases of ameloblastoma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. The sample consisted of 20 cases of solid ameloblastoma (SA), 10 cases of ameloblastoma unicystic (UA) and 16 cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT). The expression of BMPs and their receptors was evaluated in the parenchyma and stroma of lesions, establishing the percentage of immunopositive cells (0 - negative; 1-1 % to 10 % of cells positive; 2 - 11% to 25% of positive cells; 3 - 26% to 50% of cells positive; 4 - 51% to 75 % of positive cells; 5 - more than 75% positive cells). Analysis of the expression of BMP-2 revealed no statistically significant differences in parenchymal (p = 0.925) and stromal component (p = 0.345) between the groups, as well as BMP-4 (p = 0.873 / p = 0.131). In the epithelial component, SA and AOT had a higher frequency of score 5. In turn, all cases of UA were classified as score 5. The analysis of the stromal component showed no statistically significant difference between groups with respect to median scores BMPRIA positivity (p = 0.768) and BMPRII (p = 0.779). In the epithelial component of SA and UA, no statistically significant correlations between imunoexpression proteins analyzed were observed. In turn, the group of AOT, statistically significant positive correlations between the scores of expression of all studied proteins were found. In the stromal component, statistically significant positive correlations were found only in the SA group in BMP -4 and BMPRII (r = 0.476; p = .034), in the UA in BMP-4 and BMPRIA (r = 0.709; p = 0.022). The results of this study suggest that the BMPs and their receptors are involved in the development process odontogenic tumors. BMP-4, in turn, besides being present in odontogenic tumors have the capacity to form mineralized material.