Inserção de fornecedores locais como fonte de desempenhos em custos de transação e legitimidade: estudo de caso na cadeia produtiva do petróleo e gás do Rio Grande do Norte

The inclusion of local suppliers in production chains has considerable impact on its performance, but most notably in its main actors. The results of this process may be of different kinds and can be analyzed from economic or institutional approaches. This study aimed to verify the existence of different performances of Petrobras due to the inclusion of local suppliers in the oil and gas production chain in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, from the viewpoints of transaction costs and the Institutional Theory. In order to this, were made the characterization of the PROMINP, the description of its actions and results, the mapping of its institutional context of reference, and identification of results obtained by Petrobras in terms of transaction costs and legitimacy. The theoretical framework is based on authors dealing with industrial concentration, as like Marshall, Krugman, Porter and Schmitz, from the sociological perspective of neoinstitucional theory, as like DiMaggio and Powell and Scott and Meyer, and transaction costs, as like Williamson. This is a qualitative research, with data collection done by consulting secondary fonts and semi-structured interviews with nineteen actors of three groups, namely: actors involved in actions of the program, representatives of enterprises and representative of Petrobras. To analyze the content was used the Suchman s model (1995) for categories associated with strategies of legitimation and fourteen variables associated with the three variables assets specificity, bounded rationality and opportunism (Williamson, 1995, 1989) in the case of transaction costs. The results indicate that PROMINP has achieved its objectives by encouraging the increased participation of local companies in the oil and gas production chain, reflecting in the economic development of the state. The Redepetro/RN, fostered and built upon the interaction of the participants, is presented as a solution of continuity to the participation of enterprises in the chain, after the closure of the actions of the program. PROMINP demands responses to coercive, legislative and regulatory pressures of the organizational field, whose institutional context of reference is wide. From the point of view of legitimacy, through strategies to gain cognitive legitimacy and maintaining pragmatic legitimacy, Petrobras can manipulate the environment, ensuring the compliance of the constituents to their technical and institutional demands. Enterprises, in turn, respond to the demands through compliance with technical demands, mainly through the certification of processes, and cultural changes. There aren t clear gains related to the transaction costs, however, gains in legitimacy can be seen as a cumulative capital that can serve as a competitive differential that generates economic gains. In terms of theoretical findings, it was found that, due to its explanatory power for actions that are difficult to explain only in economic terms, Institutional Theory may be used as theoretical support concurrent with other theories. TCE model has limitations in explaining the program actions. In the case, it s emphasized that Petrobras doesn t seek only economic efficiency, but has in its mission the commitment to social development.

Double blind test series

Braille is a communication tool in decline, in America by 80% since 1950, and in the UK to the extent that only 1% of blind people are now thought to read Braille.1, 2 There are a variety of causal factors, including the phasing out of Braille instruction due to the educational mainstreaming of blind children and the resistance to learning Braille by those who lose sight later in life.3Braille is a writing system of raised dots that allows blind people to read and write tactilely. Each Braille character comprises a cell of six potentially raised dots, two dots across and three dots down. It is designed only to communicate the message and does not convey the tonality provided by visual fonts.However, in his book Design Meets Disability, Graham Pullin, observes that: “Braille is interesting and beautiful, as abstract visual and tactile decoration, intriguing and indecipherable to the nonreader ” and continues; “…braille could be decorative for sighted people.”4I assert that the increasing abandonment of Braille frees it from its restrictive constraints, opening it to exploration and experimentation, and that this may result in Braille becoming dynamic expression for the sighted, as well as the partially sighted and blind.Printmaking is well suited for this exploration. Printmaking processes and techniques can result in prints aesthetically compelling to both senses of sight and touch. Established approaches, such as flocking, varnishes, puff-ink, embossing and die cut, combined with experiments in new techniques in laser cutting and 3D printing, create visually and texturally vibrant prints.In this paper I will detail my systematic investigation of sensually expressive printmaking concentrating on the issues surrounding Braille as a printmaking design element paying particular attention to the approaches and techniques used not only in producing its visual style but to those techniques used to keep it integrally tactile.

Melhoria da Atençao a Saúde do Idoso na UBS Joao Paulo Ii, Caicó/RN

Um envelhecimento de qualidade é direito de toda e qualquer pessoa. Pensar em estratégias de implementação do cuidado ao idoso sob um olhar preventivo, educativo e com redução de riscos e danos, buscando uma melhoria na qualidade de vida, uma vez que é notável o crescimento da expectativa de vida ao observamos os índices de envelhecimento não apenas no Brasil, mas de modo global é suficientemente necessário. Nos países desenvolvidos o envelhecimento está associado à melhoria nas condições de vida, não sendo esta a realidade nos países em desenvolvimento. Diante disso, o objetivo fundamental do desenvolvimento da intervenção em saúde na Unidade de Estratégia de Saúde da Família João Paulo II em Caicó/RN foi direcionado à melhoria da atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa no sentido de promover o envelhecimento ativo e saudável das pessoas com 60 anos ou mais pertencentes à área de abrangência da unidade durante doze semanas, entre os meses de maio e agosto de 2015. Para a realização dessa intervenção, foram planejadas ações nos eixos de Monitoramento e Avaliação, Organização e Gestão do Serviço, Engajamento Público e Qualificação da Prática Clínica, levando-se em consideração as necessidades da população do território de abrangência, a viabilidade de aplicação das ações e a expectativa de obtenção de resultados. Participaram da intervenção um total de 203 (61,5%) idosos pertencentes à unidade de saúde com 60 anos ou mais. Todos os índices de qualidade das ações alcançaram 100% de efetividade. Para um bom desempenho da intervenção foram traçadas metas que por ocasião da conclusão da mesma foram avaliadas mediante os indicadores destinados para cada meta. A intervenção trouxe benefício para os idosos acompanhados, entre os quais há hipertensos, diabéticos, acamados e os que apresentam outras doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e que aprenderam a conviver de forma diferenciada com as mesmas. As ações iniciadas com o processo de intervenção serão mantidas na rotina do serviço para dar continuidade ao processo de qualificação da melhoria da qualidade de vida de todos os idosos acompanhados pela Unidade.