História da Matemática em contextos da Educação Matemática: contribuições do GPHM

In this article we tried to show the paths outlined during the past years by the Research Group on History of Mathematics and/or its relations with Mathematics Education (GPHM) at UNESP in Rio Claro - Brazil, as well as the contributions we believe we have made to Mathematics Education. The group's production has focused on issues that address the history of institutions and characters, linked to the history of disciplines, concepts and learning materials. Also, in broader terms of mathematics education, this article presents results from research that supports the understanding of teachers' conceptions about the use of History of Mathematics in the classroom; material on the history of mathematics accessible to the teacher; the presence of the history of mathematics in textbooks; proposed introductions of real numbers; and the subject of Analysis in teacher education and training.

Entre a Amnésia e a Vontade de nada Esquecer: notas sobre regimes de historicidade e história oral

In this paper we intend to sketch a configuration of the research practices of the Research Group Oral History and Mathematics Education (GHOEM) and, in general terms, to explain some concepts and procedures in which these practices are founded. In order to do this, the expression Regimes of Historicity - meaning the different ways of articulating the notions of present, past and future - is initially mobilized. By this expression we are able to understand the emergence of the discourse that underpins a set of actions and theoretical frameworks for the research in Mathematics Education and more particularly, for the Historiography of Mathematics Education.

Memórias de um profissional de história

Within the proposed framework for this issue of the journal História da Historiografia, the present article is a concise report on the trajectory of a university professor of history. The author writes on the obtainment of his degree at the USP, his participation in the beginning of undergraduate and graduate courses in the interior of the state of São Paulo, including the experience of taking part in the beginnings of the public university Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). The author also discusses aspects of his academic and institutional life, and reports on the process of his insertion in an established historiographical line of work. It can be introductorily noted that the reader will not always find a linear chronological order, due to the multifaceted nature of the activities of a university professor of history. An additional note is that I have not made complete bibliographical citations, as I understand that the readers are specialists in the historians' craft.

Ki-67 labeling in canine perianal glands neoplasms: A novel approach for immunohistological diagnostic and prognostic

Background: The antibody Ki-67 is a reliable and easy tool to accurately assess the growth fraction of neoplasms in humans and animals, and it has been used to predict the clinical outcome. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression pattern of Ki-67 in normal and neoplastic perianal glands of dogs to evaluate the possible use of this proliferation marker as an ancillary method of perianal tumor diagnosis. We studied 42 cases of perianal gland neoplasms including adenomas (n = 15), epitheliomas (n = 15), and carcinomas (n = 12). As controls, 13 tissue samples from normal perianal glands were used. A Ki-67 index was established by a computer-assisted image analysis and compared with manual counting. Results: Out of the 42 cases of perianal gland neoplasms, 34 were from males and eight from females. Recurrence was reported in 14 cases, being higher (8/12) in carcinomas. Immunostaining for Ki-67 revealed that the carcinomas showed a higher proliferation rate (9.87%) compared to groups of epitheliomas (2.66%) and adenomas (0.36%). For adenomas and epitheliomas of the perianal glands the computer-assisted counting and the manual counting gave similar results; however, only the computer-assisted image analysis was efficient to predict the perianal gland carcinoma recurrence.Conclusion: Since there were significant differences in the number of Ki-67-positive nuclei, this marker proved to be effective in helping the classification of perianal gland neoplasms and to refine the diagnosis criteria, especially in those samples with high variation in morphology/area. Also, higher Ki-67 index is related to recurrence in cases of perianal gland carcinomas. Further, the computer-assisted image analysis proved to be a fast and reliable method to assess the Ki-67 index in perianal gland neoplasms. © 2013 Pereira et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Kinetic and temporospatial parameters in male and female cats walking over a pressure sensing walkway

Background: Several factors may influence kinetic data measurements, including body conformation and body mass. In addition, gender differences in gait pattern have been observed in healthy humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the kinetic and temporospatial parameters in clinically healthy male and female cats using a pressure-sensitive walkway. Eighteen crossbreed adult cats were divided into two groups: G1 had ten male cats (nine neutered) aged from 1 to 4 years and body mass 3.1-6.8 kg; G2 had eight spayed female cats, aged from 1 to 6 years and body mass 3.3-4.75 kg. The data from the first five valid trials were collected for each cat. A trial was considered valid if the cat maintained a velocity between 0.54-0.74 m/s and acceleration from -0.20 to 0.20 m/s2. The peak vertical force (PVF), vertical impulse (VI), gait cycle time, stance time, swing time, stride length, and percentage body weight distribution among the four limbs were determined. In addition, the lengths of each forelimb and each hind limb were measured using a tape with the animal standing.Results: No significant differences were observed in each group in either the forelimbs or the hind limbs or between the left and right sides for any of the variables. For both groups, the PVF (%BW), the VI, and the percentage body weight distribution were higher at the forelimbs than the hind limbs. The stride length was larger for males; however, the other kinetic and temporospatial variables did not show any statistically significant differences between the groups. The lengths of the forelimbs and hind limbs were larger in the male cats. There was a significant moderate positive correlation between the stride length and the length of the limbs.Conclusions: In conclusion, the only difference observed between male and female cats was the stride length, and this was due to the greater body size of male cats. This difference did not affect other temporospatial or kinetics variables. © 2013 Verdugo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

A controvérsia nestoriana e suas implicações político-administrativas nas cartas de Cirilo de Alexandria (séc. V d.c.)

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

O tempo sagrado do Império: história e religião na obra do Cônego Joaquim Caetano Fernandes Pinheiro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Retraços da educação matemática na região de Bauru (SP): uma história em construção

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

A mulher na visão de Tertuliano, Jerônimo e Agostinho séc. II - V d.c

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos de uma história de reforço contínuo e de conseqüências sociais sobre o seguir regras

Com o objetivo de investigar os efeitos de variáveis envolvidas no seguir regras, 18 crianças foram expostas a um procedimento de escolha segundo o modelo. A tarefa era tocar um de dois estímulos de comparação na presença de um estímulo contextual. As respostas corretas eram reforçadas com fichas. A Fase 1 era iniciada com a instrução mínima; a Fase 2, com a instrução correspondente às contingências e as Fases 3 e 4, com mudança nas contingências. As três condições diferiam nas Fases 1 e 3. Na Fase 1 da Condição 1 nenhuma resposta era reforçada e na Fase 1 das Condições 2 e 3, havia reforço diferencial das respostas corretas. Na Fase 3 das três condições, a manutenção do seguir regra não produzia ficha, mas produzia elogio na Condição 3. O seguir regra foi mantido nas Condições 1 e 3 e foi abandonado na Condição 2. Discute-se algumas explicações para a manutenção do seguir regras.

O tempo dos patrões 'brabos': fragmentos da história da ocupação humana da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã, AM

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar alguns aspectos da história social e econômica que marcou a ocupação humana do território da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã, no período que compreende o final do século XIX e inicio do século XX. O artigo se baseia em relatos orais dos moradores das várias localidades que existem nesse território, coletados em intensa pesquisa de campo. Os relatos permitem conhecer as dificuldades e os desafios encontrados por dezenas de famílias para garantir sua subsistência, como eram realizadas as atividades extrativas que constituíam a base da economia dessa região da Amazônia, e também o papel desempenhado pelos comerciantes, os patrões, no processo de ocupação desse território, e sua posterior substituição por outros agentes de desenvolvimento.

Nas dobras da memória oficial: cidade, imagem e história na voz de rezadeiras de Capanema-PA

Em Capanema, no nordeste do Pará, mulheres rezadeiras, motivadas por fotografias, tecem narrativas históricas desvelando trajetórias de migrantes nordestinos para o município, elaborando representações do conflituoso cotidiano da vida urbana. Por meio de sensibilidades urdidas em simbiose de corpo, voz e imagens, as narradoras produzem práticas de leitura que permitem questionar a escrita convencional da história local, consagrada nos jogos mentais de centenas de moradores. Este artigo, portanto, seguindo a metodologia da História Oral e dialogando com intelectuais dos Estudos Culturais e Antropologia da Religião, ao cruzar a leitura de imagens oficiais com a interpretação dada pelas rezadeiras sobre tramas e dramas da urbe, numa perspectiva "vista de baixo" e popular, esgarça imaginários cristalizados, trazendo para a escrita da história outras experiências e paisagens culturais comumente postas nas dobras de retratos emoldurados pelo discurso do poder hegemônico.

Colonização japonesa, história econômica e desenvolvimento regional do estado do Pará

Este artigo apresenta um panorama geral da história econômica das mesorregiões do estado do Pará, principalmente ao longo do século XX, analisando-se também os fatos históricos e econômicos mais relevantes que caracterizam a trajetória dos 70 anos dos japoneses na região nordeste do Pará, a mais atrasada do estado. Nessa região, os japoneses conseguiram lançar as bases e consolidar o empreendimento associativo de pequenos produtores agrícolas mais bem sucedido da Amazônia, a atual Cooperativa Agrícola Mista de Tomé-Açu, que se constitui no único arranjo produtivo local efetivo em território paraense.