Lowering Pulmonary Wedge Pressure after Heart Transplant: Pulmonary Compliance and Resistance Effect

AbstractBackground:Right ventricular (RV) afterload is an important risk factor for post-heart transplantation (HTx) mortality, and it results from the interaction between pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary compliance (CPA). Their product, the RC time, is believed to be constant. An exception is observed in pulmonary hypertension because of elevated left ventricular (LV) filling pressures.Objective:Using HTx as a model for chronic lowering of LV filling pressures, our aim was to assess the variations in RV afterload components after transplantation.Methods:We retrospectively studied 159 patients with right heart catheterization before and after HTx. The effect of Htx on hemodynamic variables was assessed.Results:Most of the patients were male (76%), and the mean age was 53 ± 12 years. HTx had a significant effect on the hemodynamics, with normalization of the LV and RV filling pressures and a significant increase in cardiac output and heart rate (HR). The PVR decreased by 56% and CPA increased by 86%. The RC time did not change significantly, instead of increasing secondary to pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) normalization after HTx as expected. The expected increase in RC time with PWP lowering was offset by the increase in HR (because of autonomic denervation of the heart). This effect was independent from the decrease of PWP.Conclusion:The RC time remained unchanged after HTx, notwithstanding the fact that pulmonary capillary wedge pressure significantly decreased. An increased HR may have an important effect on RC time and RV afterload. Studying these interactions may be of value to the assessment of HTx candidates and explaining early RV failure after HTx.

Flora of Costa Rica ... by Paul C. Standley ...

v.18:pt:4(1938)

Flora of Costa Rica ... by Paul C. Standley ...

v.18:pt.3(1938)

Flora of Costa Rica ... by Paul C. Standley ...

v.18:pt.1(1937)

Flora of Costa Rica ... by Paul C. Standley ...

v.18:pt.2(1937)

New species of Digitaria, Pennisetum, and Poa (Gramineae) from Costa Rica / Richard W. Pohl.

v.38:no.2(1976)

Notes on the flora of Costa Rica, I / [by] William C. Burger.

v.31:no.11(1968)

Características físicas, químicas e mineralógicas de latossois vermelho-amarelos - textura média, da região de São Manuel, Sp

Quatro perfis de Latossol Vermelho Amarelo - textura média (LVA-m) (Quartzipsamment Haplortox) e um de Aluvio (Tropic Fluvaquent) localizados em uma topossequência da região de São Manuel, Estado de São Paulo, foram estudados em suas características morfológicas, granulométricas, químicas e mineralógicas. Os perfis do LVA-m são caracterizados por serem profundos, homogêneos, de textura barro arenosa, lixiviados, ácidos, distróficos, com elevada saturação de alumínio, predominantemente caulinítico ou caulinítico-gibbsítico e com baixíssimo teor de ferro livre. Tais perfis se localizam em três superfícies fisiográficas distintas. Apesar do material de origem ser aparentemente homogêneo ele sofreu diversos retrabalhamentos caracterizados pelas linhas de pedras e pelo teor de gibbsita. Constatou-se a transformação caulinita para gibbsita através da dessilicatização O alúvio, caracterizado pela heterogeneidade de suas camadas, apresenta entretanto uma textura semelhante ao do LVA-m. Devida as características de excesso de água, drenagem lenta e posição de ocorrência, há um acumulo de bases e sílica neste solo. A transformação gibbsita para caulinita foi sugerida.

Catalogue of a collection of birds from Costa Rica, by John Farwell Ferry.

v.1:no.6(1910)

Typification of Schlechter's Costa Rican Orchidaceae, types collected by A. Brenes / Kerry Barringer.

n.s. no.17(1986)

Nereididae (Annelida, Polychaeta) da costa nordeste do Brasil: II. Gêneros Namalycastis, Ceratocephale, Laeonereis e Rullierinereis

Six polychaete species belonging to the genera Namalycastis Hartman, 1959, Ceratocephale Malmgren, 1867, Laeonereis Hartman, 1945, and Rullierinereis Pettibone, 1970 were recorded as part of a systematic survey of the family Nereididae in estuaries, exposed sandy beaches, shelly soft bottoms, atolls and coral reefs of the Brazilian northeastern coast. Two new species, Rullierinereis auxiliadorae, from Ceará coast and Ceratocephale rocaensis, from Atol das Rocas, are described.

Two new beetles from Costa Rica and Australia, with a description of a new genus (Coleoptera, Cleridae) [by] Albert B. Wolcott and Henry S. Dybas.

v.31:no.18(1947)

Desenvolvimento de Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Diptera, Muscidae) em laboratório

A colony of Synthesiomyia nudiseta (WULP, 1883) was established in the laboratory to obtain eggs, larvae and puparium, to determine the period of development and viability at constant temperature with RH above 75% and photoperiod of 12 h. The viability of development cicle was 48.68%. Incubation period was 21.17 h, larvae development 25.97; 48.08 and 233.65 h for the first, second and feeding phase of third instars, respectively. The development period of postfeeding larva, prepupa and pupa development was 322.26 h.

Nereididae (Polychaeta) da costa nordeste do Brasil: III. Gêneros Ceratonereis e Nereis

Ten species belonging to the genera Ceratonereis Kinberg, 1866 and Nereis Linnaeus, 1758 were recorded in estuaries, exposed sandy beaches, shelly soft bottoms, atolls and coral reefs of the Brazilian northeastern coast. Two new species, Nereis serrata, from Ceará coast, and Nereis pseudomoniliformis, from Sergipe coast, are described.