Quality of Life on Arterial Hypertension: Validity of Known Groups of MINICHAL

Introductions: In the care of hypertension, it is important that health professionals possess available tools that allow evaluating the impairment of the health-related quality of life, according to the severity of hypertension and the risk for cardiovascular events. Among the instruments developed for the assessment of health-related quality of life, there is the Mini-Cuestionario of Calidad de Vida en la Hipertensión Arterial (MINICHAL) recently adapted to the Brazilian culture. Objective: To estimate the validity of known groups of the Brazilian version of the MINICHAL regarding the classification of risk for cardiovascular events, symptoms, severity of dyspnea and target-organ damage. Methods: Data of 200 hypertensive outpatients concerning sociodemographic and clinical information and health-related quality of life were gathered by consulting the medical charts and the application of the Brazilian version of MINICHAL. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare health-related quality of life in relation to symptoms and target-organ damage. The Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA with ranks transformation were used to compare health-related quality of life in relation to the classification of risk for cardiovascular events and intensity of dyspnea, respectively. Results: The MINICHAL was able to discriminate health-related quality of life in relation to symptoms and kidney damage, but did not discriminate health-related quality of life in relation to the classification of risk for cardiovascular events. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the MINICHAL is a questionnaire capable of discriminating differences on the health‑related quality of life regarding dyspnea, chest pain, palpitation, lipothymy, cephalea and renal damage.

Male Gender and Arterial Hypertension are Plaque Predictors at Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography

Background: Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) is one of the main risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), in addition to male gender. Differences in coronary artery lesions between hypertensive and normotensive individuals of both genders at the Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) have not been clearly determined. Objective: To Investigate the calcium score (CS), CAD extent and characteristics of coronary plaques at CCTA in men and women with and without SAH. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study of 509 patients undergoing CCTA for CAD diagnosis and risk stratification, from November 2011 to December 2012, at Instituto de Cardiologia Dante Pazzanese. Individuals were stratified according to gender and subdivided according to the presence (HT +) or absence (HT-) of SAH. Results: HT+ women were older (62.3 ± 10.2 vs 57.8 ± 12.8, p = 0.01). As for the assessment of CAD extent, the HT+ individuals of both genders had significant CAD, although multivessel disease is more frequent in HT + men. The regression analysis for significant CAD showed that age and male gender were the determinant factors of multivessel disease and CS ≥ 100. Plaque type analysis showed that SAH was a predictive risk factor for partially calcified plaques (OR = 3.9). Conclusion: Hypertensive men had multivessel disease more often than women. Male gender was a determinant factor of significant CAD, multivessel disease, CS ≥ 100 and calcified and partially calcified plaques, whereas SAH was predictive of partially calcified plaques.

Galectin-3: A Link between Myocardial and Arterial Stiffening in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure?

Abstract Background: Heart failure is accompanied by abnormalities in ventricular-vascular interaction due to increased myocardial and arterial stiffness. Galectin-3 is a recently discovered biomarker that plays an important role in myocardial and vascular fibrosis and heart failure progression. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether galectin-3 is correlated with arterial stiffening markers and impaired ventricular-arterial coupling in decompensated heart failure patients. Methods: A total of 79 inpatients with acute decompensated heart failure were evaluated. Serum galectin-3 was determined at baseline, and during admission, transthoracic echocardiography and measurements of vascular indices by Doppler ultrasonography were performed. Results: Elevated pulse wave velocity and low arterial carotid distensibility are associated with heart failure in patients with preserved ejection fraction (p = 0.04, p = 0.009). Pulse wave velocity, carotid distensibility and Young’s modulus did not correlate with serum galectin-3 levels. Conversely, raised galectin-3 levels correlated with an increased ventricular-arterial coupling ratio (Ea/Elv) p = 0.047, OR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.0‑3.6). Increased galectin-3 levels were associated with lower rates of left ventricular pressure rise in early systole (dp/dt) (p=0.018) and raised pulmonary artery pressure (p = 0.046). High galectin-3 levels (p = 0.038, HR = 3.07) and arterial pulmonary pressure (p = 0.007, HR = 1.06) were found to be independent risk factors for all-cause mortality and readmissions. Conclusions: This study showed no significant correlation between serum galectin-3 levels and arterial stiffening markers. Instead, high galectin-3 levels predicted impaired ventricular-arterial coupling. Galectin-3 may be predictive of raised pulmonary artery pressures. Elevated galectin-3 levels correlate with severe systolic dysfunction and together with pulmonary hypertension are independent markers of outcome.

Neurinoma retropharyngeo contendo cystos em communicação com a circulaççao arterial

Apresentamos um caso de neurinoma retropharyngeo que offereceu consideravel difficuldade no diagnostico em vida do paciente. A existencia, em sua espessura, de cavidades que, punccionadas, davam sahida a sangue rutilante, constituio feição clinica peculiar. O diganostico só foi possivel post-mortem, o estudo histologico revelando um neurinoma com extensas áreas de necrose, inflammação purulenta e hemorrhagica. As cavidades encontradas são a consequencia desses processos. No momento da autopsia ellas apresentavam conteúdo francamente purulento, sendo a quantidade de coagulos sanguineos relativamente pequena, destacando-se os coagulos facilmente das paredes internas das cavidades. O diagnostico de aneurysma foi excluido pelo exame microscopico, o qual, tambem, não revelou, no tumor, a estructura de angioma ou de angiosarcoma. As hemorrhagias processadas nas áreas necrosadas reconhecem, provavelmente, como ponto de partida arterias ou arteriolas englobadas na massa tumoral. Estas se conservariam em communicação permanente com algumas cavidades originadas por necrose e desintegração dos tecidos do tumor. Assim seria explicada a sahida de sangue rutilante pela puncção das cavidades em vida do doente, a pressão do sangue em seu interior, e a rapida desapparição do meio de contraste na arteriographia. A origem do tumor não poude ser precisada. Não é fóra de proposito recordar o que dizem Wahl (1914) e Dawydow (1932). Segundo Wahl, embora os tumores compostos de elementos especificos do tecido nervoso possam derivar de qualquer ponto do systema nervoso, o maior numero delles tem sua origem, contudo, no systema sympathico. Estructuras cysticas são referidas em dois dentre quarenta e cinco casos de ganglioneuremas por elle colligidos na litteratura até aquella epocha. Em um delles, são: « cystic structures that are probably softened fibroma ». Dawydow (1932) refere um neurinoma retropharyngeo tendo origem no ganglío sympathico cervícal superior.

Tratamento da osteomielite por assepsia integral e penicilina intra-arterial: sutura primitiva e secundária da ferida

Os AA. apresentam dois casos de Osteomilite crônica submetidos durante anos a diversos tratamentos, sem resultado. Pela associação da assepsia integral com a Penicilina intra-arterial (via ainda não usada), conseguiram a cura após sutura primitiva num caso e secundária no outro. Por serem fátos excepcionais acham que devem ficar registrado.

Estudo do mecanismo da hiperglicemia e da hipertensão arterial, produzidas pelo veneno de escorpião, no cão

In the present paper we studied the mechanism of the hyperglycemia and hypertension evoked by the intravenous injection of scorpion venom (Tityus bahiensis) in the dog. We used 34 dogs, of both sex, weighing between 4.3 to 22 kg. These animals were divided in 3 groups and the following experiments were performed: in the first group (8 dogs) the animals were adrenalectomized after the intravenous injection of chlorpromazine; in the second group (16 dogs) the animals were injected with ganglionic blocking drugs (9.295 Ciba and hexamethonium); in the third group (10 dogs) the naimals were injected with dibenamine, and in 3 of them the adrenal glands were removed. The dogs of each group were injected intravenously with aqueous extract of 2 telsons of scorpion/kg; the average weight of each telson was 6,5 mg. The following results were obtained: 1) The hyperglycemia evoked by scorpion venom, in adrenalectomized dogs, was inhibited by chlorpromazine; 2) Ganglionic blocking drugs (9.295 Ciba and hexamthonium) were inefective as far as the hyperglycemic and pressor effects of venom are concerned; 3) In the animals treated with dibenamine, the venom produced a fall in blood pressure, both in the controle and in the adrenalectomized. The present experiments suggest that the scorpion venom has, besides the central action already described by other investigators, an adrenergic action, very similar to the adrenaline. On basis of our experiments we think that the adrenergic action is responsible, in part, by the productrion of hyperglycemia and hypertension.

Registro e considerações sobre a inibição da colonização de ostras e cracas no estuário do Rio Jacuruna e canal de Itaparica (Bahia)

Durante estudos sobre fixação, cresciemnto e desenvolvimento de larvas de ostras e cracas em duas estações experimentais localizadas junto à Fazenda Experimental de Ostras (rio Jacuruna - BA) e canal de Itaparica - BA, respectivamente, verificou-se alta taxa de mortalidade e ausência de fixação de larvas no período compreendido entre os meses de outubro de 1977 e janeiro de 1978. Utilizando o índice de inibição calculado a partir da densidade de fixação (método de Bouget & Lacroix, 1972) os autores procuraram registrar a repentina inibição da colonização destes organismos e tecer algumas considerações sobre as possíveis causas do fenômeno. Os cirrípedes Balanus amphitrite amphitrite, Chthamalus sp. e Euraphia rhizophorae ocorrem nas duas estações, coabitando com a ostra Crassostrea rhizophorae, embora aqueles sejam mais abundantes na Estação localizada no canal de Itaparica (Est. II) comparando-se os mesmos períodos de outubro/dezembro de 1978. As ostras mostraram-se mais sensíveis ao fator inibidor do que as cracas e estas sofreram um abalo maior na Est. II embora em ambas as Estações tenham se recuperado a partir de janeiro de 1978, fato que não ocorreu com as ostras em igual período. A literatura mostra que vários são os fatores que influenciam a fixação das larvas dos cirrípedes e outros animais sésseis, tais como: natureza do substrato, variação da velocidade das correntes de maré, maior ou menos tempo de emersão, variação da salinidade e outros. Porém o mais importante parece ser a natureza do substrato. Como no mesmo período e na mesma região foi observada uma alta taxa de mortalidade de ostras (Nascimento, 1978) bem como de outros moluscos comestíveis e peixes, foram afastadas as possibilidades da influência de fatores bióticos como predação e competição. Os fatores abióticos como salinidade, oxigênio disssolvido e pH mantiveram-se em níveis normais (Peixinho, 1978), de maneira que os autores preferem sugerir, em acordo com Nascimento, (1979)...

Efecto del aturdimiento sobre la calidad de la canal y de la carne en corderos

Se estudió el efecto del sistema de aturdimiento eléctrico y de la exposición al dióxido de carbono (CO2) sobre la calidad de la canal y de la carne en 32 corderos de raza Ripollesa. La cantidad de sangre perdida tras el desangrado fue significativamente mayor en los corderos aturdidos eléctricamente que en los aturdidos con CO2. Las medidas de calidad de la carne realizadas a las 24 h post mortem (pH, color, conductividad eléctrica y capacidad de retención de agua) no mostraron diferencias significativas entre ambos sistemas de aturdimiento. Sin embargo, el porcentaje de corderos que presentaron hemorragias en la canal, corazón y vesícula biliar fue significativamente superior en el grupo de animales aturdido eléctricamente que en los aturdidos con CO2. De este trabajo se concluye que el sistema de aturdimiento no tiene efecto sobre la calidad de la carne en corderos. No obstante, el aturdimiento con CO2 mejora la calidad de la canal en corderos.

Studies on Trypanosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920: V - Developmental pattern in the alimentary canal of Rhodnius prolixus

The morphological sequence of Trypanosoma rangeli development in the alimentary canal of Rhodnius prolixus, is described, with observation made in dissected guts from 6 hours to 45 days post-infection. No metacyclic-forms are produced in the digestive tract at any time, and transmission by the contaminative route must be considered atypical. Amastigotes appear to be an essential stage in the development of T. rangeli in the gut of R. prolixus. The epidemiological importance of the developmental pattern of T. rangeli in the vector´s gut is discussed, and its usefulness for aging infection is considered.

L' esport a la Televisió de Catalunya: la creació d'un canal esportiu-cultural: Canal 33

Aquest treball es va presentar a l’Assignatura de Campus “Esport, Olimpisme i Societat” del curs 1995/96 i tracta de l'evolució de la programació esportiva a la Televisió de Catalunya des de la seva creació, així com dels orígens i història del Canal 33.

Heterogeneity of atherosclerotic plaque phenotypes and composition in four different arterial beds: an intravascular ultrasound virtual histology study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the plaque morphology between coronary and peripheral arteries using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Methods: IVUS was performed in 68 patients with coronary and 93 with peripheral artery lesions (29 carotid, 50 renal, and 14 iliac). Plaques were classified as fibroatheroma (VH-FA) (further subclassified as thin-capped [VH-TCFA] and thick-capped [VH-ThCFA]), fibrocalcific plaque (VH-FC) and pathological intimal thickening (VH-PIT). Results: Plaque rupture (13% of coronary, 7% of carotid, 6% of renal, and 7% of iliac arteries; P=NS) and VH-TCFA (37% of coronary, 24% of carotid, 16% of renal, and 7% of iliac arteries; P=0.02) was observed in all arteries. Compared to coronary arteries, VH-FA was less frequently observed in renal (P<0.001) and iliac arteries (P<0.006), while VH-PIT and VH-FC were prevalent in both of these peripheral arteries. Lesions with positive remodeling demonstrated more characteristics of VH-FA in coronary, carotid, and renal arteries compared to those with intermediate/negative remodeling (all P<0.01). There was positive relationship between RI and percent necrotic core area in all four arteries. Conclusions: Atherosclerotic plaque phenotypes were heterogeneous among four different arteries. In contrast, the associations of remodeling mode with plaque phenotype and composition were similar among the various arterial beds.