978 resultados para Atomic layer deposition (ALD)
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33rd IAHR Congress: Water Engineering for a Sustainable Environment
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River Flow 2010
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The reuse of waste fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst as partial surrogate for cement can reduce the environmental impact of both the oil-refinery and cement production industries [1,2]. FCC catalysts can be considered as pozzolanic materials since in the presence of water they tend to chemically react with calcium hydroxide to produce compounds possessing cementitious properties [3,4]. In addition, partial replacement of cement with FCC catalysts can enhance the performance of pastes and mortars, namely by improving their compressive strength [5,6]. In the present work the reaction of waste FCC catalyst with Ca(OH)2 has been investigated after a curing time of 28 days by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscattered signal (BSE) combined with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) carried out with a JEOL JSM 7001F instrument operated at 15 kV coupled to an INCA pentaFetx3 Oxford spectrometer. The polished cross-sections of FCC particles embedded in resin have also been evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in contact mode (CM) using a NanoSurf EasyScan 2 instrument. The SEM/EDS results revealed that an inward migration of Ca occurred during the reaction. A weaker outward migration of Si and Al was also apparent (Fig. 1). The migration of Ca was not homogeneous and tended to follow high-diffusivity paths within the porous waste FCC catalyst particles. The present study suggests that the porosity of waste FCC catalysts is key for the migration/reaction of Ca from the surrounding matrix, playing an important role in the pozzolanic activity of the system. The topography images and surface roughness parameters obtained by atomic force microscopy can be used to infer the local porosity in waste FCC catalyst particles (Fig. 2).
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Thesis submitted in Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa for the degree of Master in Materials Engineering
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Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica – Especialização Gestão Industrial
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Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics
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A Thesis submitted for the co-tutelle degree of Doctor in Physics at Universidade Nova de Lisboa and Université Pierre et Marie Curie
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Real-time monitoring applications may be used in a wireless sensor network (WSN) and may generate packet flows with strict quality of service requirements in terms of delay, jitter, or packet loss. When strict delays are imposed from source to destination, the packets must be delivered at the destination within an end-to-end delay (EED) hard limit in order to be considered useful. Since the WSN nodes are scarce both in processing and energy resources, it is desirable that they only transport useful data, as this contributes to enhance the overall network performance and to improve energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer admission control (CLAC) mechanism to enhance the network performance and increase energy efficiency of a WSN, by avoiding the transmission of potentially useless packets. The CLAC mechanism uses an estimation technique to preview packets EED, and decides to forward a packet only if it is expected to meet the EED deadline defined by the application, dropping it otherwise. The results obtained show that CLAC enhances the network performance by increasing the useful packet delivery ratio in high network loads and improves the energy efficiency in every network load.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Bioengenharia (MIT)
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática
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Dissertation to obtain a Master degree in Biotechnology
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Física
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores
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2016