Infusão alvo-controlada com propofol e remifentanil: estudo experimental em cães

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dopplerfluxometria renal em macao-prego (Sapajus apella) de cativeiro

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Descrição de duas novas técnicas cirúrgicas para o tratamento de prolapso vaginal em vacas zebuinas: vaginectomia parcial e vaginopexia dorsal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos da dexmedetomidina nas respostas cardiovascular e de oxigenação sistêmica ao pinçamento aórtico infra-renal em cães sob anestesia com sevoflurano

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação dos níveis de umidificação e aquecimento durante ventilação artificial com a estação de trabalho de anestesia Primus da Dräger com baixo fluxo de gases frescos e permutador de calor e umidade

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação hemodinâmica e do índice bispectral (BIS) de cadela anestesiadas com midazolam e cetamina associados à medetomidina ou dexmedetomidina e submetidos a ovário-salpingo-histeectomia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sevoflurano e dexmedetomidina em isquemia e reperfusão renais no rato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos da dexmedetomidina em rins isquêmicos e sobre a concentração plasmática do hormônio antidiurético: estudo experimental em cães anestesiados e hipovolêmicos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação de genotoxicidade e estresse oxidativo em profissionais recém-expostos aos resíduos de gases anestésicos

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Inclusion complex of S(-) bupivacaine and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: study of morphology and cytotoxicity

Local anesthetics (LA) belong to a class of pharmacological compounds that attenuate or eliminate pain by binding to the sodium channel of excitable membranes, blocking the influx of sodium ions and the propagation of the nerve impulse. S (-) bupivacaine (S(-) bvc) is a local anesthetic of amino-amide type, widely used in surgery and obstetrics for sustained peripheral and central nerve blockade. This article focuses on the characterization of an inclusion complex of S(-) bvc in 2-hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HP-ß-CD). Differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction analysis showed structural changes in the complex. In preliminary toxicity studies, the cell viability tests revealed that the inclusion complex decreased the toxic effect (p<0.001) produced by S(-) bvc. These results suggest that the S(-) bvc:HP-ß-CD inclusion complex represents a promising agent for the treatment of regional pain. Keywords: S(-) bupivacaine; cyclodextrin; inclusion complex.

Avaliação perioperatória da técnica de anestesia por tumescência em cadelas submetidas à mastectomia unilateral

Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB

Influence of the dopaminergic system, CREB, and transcription factor-B on cocaine neurotoxicity

Cocaine is a widely used drug and its abuse is associated with physical, psychiatric and social problems. Abnormalities in newborns have been demonstrated to be due to the toxic effects of cocaine during fetal development. The mechanism by which cocaine causes neurological damage is complex and involves interactions of the drug with several neurotransmitter systems, such as the increase of extracellular levels of dopamine and free radicals, and modulation of transcription factors. The aim of this review was to evaluate the importance of the dopaminergic system and the participation of inflammatory signaling in cocaine neurotoxicity. Our study showed that cocaine activates the transcription factors NF-κB and CREB, which regulate genes involved in cellular death. GBR 12909 (an inhibitor of dopamine reuptake), lidocaine (a local anesthetic), and dopamine did not activate NF-κB in the same way as cocaine. However, the attenuation of NF-κB activity after the pretreatment of the cells with SCH 23390, a D1 receptor antagonist, suggests that the activation of NF-κB by cocaine is, at least partially, due to activation of D1 receptors. NF-κB seems to have a protective role in these cells because its inhibition increased cellular death caused by cocaine. The increase in BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) mRNA can also be related to the protective role of both CREB and NF-κB transcription factors. An understanding of the mechanisms by which cocaine induces cell death in the brain will contribute to the development of new therapies for drug abusers, which can help to slow down the progress of degenerative processes.

Avaliação de parâmetros cardiovasculares, ventilatórios e hemogasométricos de coelhos anestesiados com isofluorano ou sevofluorano e submetidos à ventilação espontânea ou controlada a volume

The volume-controlled mechanical ventilation and spontaneous ventilation, through haemogasometric, cardiovascular and spirometry variables were evaluated. Twenty-eight rabbits were distributed into two groups: GIVC (isoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation), GIVE (isoflurane and spontaneous ventilation), GSVC (sevoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation) and GSVE (sevoflurane and spontaneous ventilation). Induction was performed by mask with isoflurane (GIVE and GIVC) or sevoflurane (GSVE and GSVC) at 1.5 MAC in 100% oxygen. To maintain anesthesia, MAC was reset to 1. In GIVC and GSVC groups, rocuronium was administered at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg followed by its continuous infusion (0.6 mg/kg/h). In GSVE and GIVE, 0.9% NaCl was administered instead of rocuronium. Controlled ventilation was started by adjusting the capnometry in order to obtain values between 35 and 45 mmHg. Parameters were measured 60 minutes after induction of anesthesia (M0), 15 minutes after the bolus of rocuronium or 0.9% NaCl (M15) and every fifteen minutes (M30, M45 and M60). Hypercapnia and acidosis was evident in GIVC, GSVC and GSVE. We concluded that the volume-controlled mechanical ventilation was not able to maintain normocapnia in rabbits, producing acidosis in them, especially when using sevoflurane. The use of isoflurane showed greater stability than the sevoflurane anesthetic in the species studied.

Anestesia local por tumescência com lidocaína em cadelas submetidas a mastectomia

The present study investigated the benefits of tumescent anesthesia with lidocaine in dogs undergoing mastectomy, seeking the patients' comfort and their postoperative recovery. Seven animals, with different weight and breed, who had cancer in the region of mammary chain underwent mastectomy surgery. All animals received the same anesthetic protocol being used as the association between acepromazine and morphine doses of 0.04mg.kg-1 and 0.4mg.kg-1 (IM), respectively. After 15 minutes a catheter was placed in the cephalic vein and induction with propofol 4mg.kg-1 and 0.2mg.kg-1 followed by maintenance with isoflurane anesthesia was done. After instrumentation, we proceeded to the tumescent anesthesia technique with ice-cold solution consisting of Ringer's lactate, lidocaine 2% without epinephrine and adrenaline in a total volume of 15mL.kg-1. The average duration of the procedure was 74±18 minutes. The plasmatic peak of lidocaine was between 30 and 60 minutes after infiltration. The rescue analgesic was performed after approximately seven hours of infiltration. It can be concluded that the tumescent anesthesia with lidocaine should be considered as a constituent of anesthetic and analgesic protocol in dogs undergoing mastectomy surgery providing parameter stability, safety and good quality postoperative recovery.

Effects of continuous rate infusion of butorphanol in isoflurane-anesthetized calves

PURPOSE:To assess the hemodynamic changes and bispectral index (BIS) following administration of a continuous rate infusion (CRI) of butorphanol in isoflurane-anesthetized calves.METHODS: Eight calves weighing 110 ± 12 kg were included in the study. Anesthesia was induced with 5% isoflurane in O2 delivered via face mask and maintained with end-tidal concentration of 1.4%. IPPV was set to a peak inspiratory airway pressure of 15 cmH2O and respiratory rate of six breaths minute-1. Forty minutes after the start of anesthetic maintenance, 0.1 mg kg-1butorphanol was administered intravenously, followed by a CRI of 20 µg kg-1 minute-1. Hemodynamic variables and BIS were recorded before butorphanol administration (T0), and at 10, 20, 40 and 80 minutes following the CRI. Anesthesia was discontinued after the last recording and the calves were allowed to recover. The time to sternal recumbency (SRE) and standing (ST) were evaluated.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the moments in all hemodynamic variables and BIS. The time to SRE and ST was 9 ± 5 and 14 ± 7 minutes, respectively.CONCLUSION: The continuous rate infusion did not produce clinically relevant changes in hemodynamic or bispectral index values compared to baseline in mechanically ventilated and unstimulated calves anesthetized at 1.4% isoflurane.