Great scientists.

Para saber acerca de la vida de grandes científicos y sus descubrimientos. Desde Arisróteles hasta Stephem Hawking, se reúnen treinta científicos cuyos descubrimientos han dado forma a nuestro mundo. Viene acompañado de un CD con más de cien imágenes para descargar.

IB Middle years programme : global issues . Project organizer 5.

Libro para alumnos del quinto curso del Programa de los Años Intermedios (PAI) del Bachillerato Internacional (IB) centrado en el aprendizaje interdisciplinar. Sus contenidos reflejan aspectos clave de la filosofía y el enfoque del programa del BI como la mentalidad internacional y la honestidad académica. Está estructurado en seis lecciones cada una sobre un tema extraído de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio acordados por Naciones Unidas (la pobreza y el hambre, conflictos y la paz, educación universal, salud y enfermedad, comercio mundial y desarrollo, sostenibilidad del medio ambiente) en relación con la ética, los derechos y la moral. El acercamiento a cada tema se hace desde distintas materias para estructurar y facilitar el estudio interdisciplinario.

Surprise! 5 : teacher's resource pack.

Caja de recursos para profesores de inglés en el nivel de quinto de educación primaria. Contiene el libro del profesor con actividades que se pueden fotocopiar para utilizar en clase, pósters, CDs audio y varios juegos de fichas con fotografías, ilustraciones y palabras para trabajar los siguientes temas: familia y amigos, alimentación saludable, mi ciudad, deportes y hobbies, mi país y animales. El objetivo es que los niños desarrollen poco a poco su capacidad para comprobar, mejorar y corregir sus actividades y aprendan de forma autónoma a través de las relaciones que establecen entre el Inglés y sus propias experiencias.

Escuela concertada : 5 tópicos y 5 compromisos.

Trata de desmitificar los tópicos más frecuentes sobre la escuela concertada que son la mala integración de minorías, la consideración de la escuela concertada como un negocio, la selección en la admisión de alumnos, la percepción económica más allá de lo legalmente permitido en las actividades extraescolares y la menor calidad de educación en relación con la escuela pública. Aporta una serie de compromisos respondiendo a estos tópicos.

Química orgánica : lección 5.

Se desarrollan varios temas de la química orgánica como la obtención de los haluros de alcohilo, los tipos de alcoholes y fenoles, de aldehídos y cetonas, los ácidos orgánicos y las aminas.

Medidas para perfeccionar su funcionamiento y desarrollo de la vida docente : reunión de los Directores de estos Centros (5-10 marzo 1962). Colegios Libres Adoptados.

Se analizan una serie de medidas para perfeccionar el funcionamiento de la vida docente. Estas medidas se discutieron en la Reunión de los Directores Técnicos de varios de Colegios Libres Adoptados españoles, que se celebró en Madrid, del 5 al 10 de marzo de 1962, a instancias de la Dirección General de Enseñanza Media, y convocados por el Centro de Orientación Didáctica. La finalidad es examinar detenidamente el funcionamiento de estos Centros de Enseñanza Media, reflexionar colectivamente sobre sus problemas y proponer las medidas que faciliten y perfeccionen su vida docente. Se dan los datos de todos los directores asistentes. En cuanto a los temas tratados, se destaca la coeducación, las Asociaciones de Padres de Alumnos, los Seminarios Didácticos, la colaboración con los Seminarios del Instituto, los procedimientos de selección y nombramiento del profesorado auxiliar, la retribución al profesorado, su perfeccionamiento, las instalaciones y el material, los exámenes durante el curso, los tribunales para exámenes de fin de curso, los exámenes de reválida, las matrículas gratuitas y para terminar la creación de una oficina que se ocupe de los Colegios Libres Adoptados.

Lo que la sociedad espera de la Universidad y lo que la Universidad espera de la sociedad : discurso del Ministro de Educación Nacional, Prof. Lora Tamayo, en el cincuentenario de la Universidad de Murcia (5 Diciembre 1965).

Con motivo de la celebración del cincuentenario de la fundación de la Universidad de Murcia, se celebraron una serie de actos, de los cuáles, el académico fue presidido por el Ministro de Educación Nacional, D. Manuel Lora Tamayo, y cuyo discurso se reproduce en estas líneas. En ese mismo acto, se ofrecieron a la Universidad las Medallas de Oro de Murcia y su provincia, de las que hicieron entrega el alcalde y el presidente de la diputación, respectivamente. Igualmente, tomaron la palabra el gobernador civil y el Rector de la Universidad, que agradeció la distinción otorgada a la institución. En sus palabras, el Ministro de Educación quiso dar respuesta a lo que espera la Universidad de la sociedad y viceversa, concluyendo que, la necesidad de formar a personas 'completas', aquellas con mayor preparación para adquirir conocimientos, es lo que la sociedad espera de la Universidad y que esta institución consigue desarrollar en su labor diaria.

Diccionario ideológico de educación vial : la calle y los niños (5).

En él se recogen las palabras de la A a la Z en torno a la idea de la circulación vial. En la letra O incluye la Oración del Automovilista compuesta por el Papa Juan XXIII.

Avaliação dos padrões de dose em radiologia pediátrica : comparação entre sistemas convencionais de películas e sistemas de digitalização de imagem em crianças dos 0-5 anos de idade, na radiografia do tórax em incidência antero-posterior

As evidências indicam que os sistemas de digitalização de imagem deveriam possibilitar uma redução da dose de radiação utilizada na execução de um determinado exame radiológico mas, na prática, nem sempre a dose utilizada é menor que em sistemas convencionais, por um lado, devido às características inerentes dos detectores utilizados e, por outro, ao papel preponderante da intervenção do Técnico de Radiologia. Pretendeu-se comparar a dose à entrada da pele (DEP) em crianças dos 0-5 anos, submetidas a radiografia do tórax, em Incidência Antero-Posterior (AP), em dois hospitais com diferentes sistemas de aquisição de imagem, comparando, também, os valores obtidos, com os níveis de referência de diagnóstico regulamentados pela ICRP. A média da dose à entrada da pele, no hospital que utiliza sistema de digitalização de imagem é de 26,64 Gy, enquanto que no hospital que utiliza sistema convencionail de películas é de 6,85 Gy. Observou-se que a média da dose à entrada da pele, nos sistemas de digitalização de imagem foram superiores à média das doses à entrada da pele nos sistemas convencionais de películas. Em ambos os hospitais a média da dose para as respectivas faixas etárias dos pacientes, não ultrapassou os limites estipulados por lei.

Inhibition of cellular proliferation by the genistein metabolite 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyisoflavone is mediated by DNA damage and activation of the ATR signalling pathway

The cellular actions of genistein, and its in vivo metabolites, are believed to mediate the decreased risk of breast cancer associated with high soy consumption. The genistein metabolite, 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyisoflavone (THIF), induced G2-M cell cycle arrest in T47D tumorigenic breast epithelial cells via a mechanism involving the activation of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase (ATR) via its phosphorylation at Ser(428). This activation of ATR appeared to result from THIF-induced increases in intracellular oxidative stress, a depletion of cellular GSH and an increase in DNA strand breakage. THIF treatment also led to an inhibition of cdc2, which was accompanied by the phosphorylation of both p53 (Ser(15)) and Chk1 (Ser(296)) and the de-activation of cdc25C phosphatase. We suggest the anti-proliferative actions of THIF may be mediated by initial oxidative DNA damage, activation of ATR and downstream regulation of the p53 and Chk1 pathways leading to cell cycle arrest in G2-M. This may represent one mechanism by which genistein exerts its cellular activity in vivo. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

On the system of rational difference equations x(n) = A+(1)over-bar y(n-p), y(n) = A+(gamma(n-1))over-bar x(n-r)y(n-5)

In this paper, we study the behavior of the positive solutions of the system of two difference equations [GRAPHICS] where p >= 1, r >= 1, s >= 1, A >= 0, and x(1-r), x(2-r),..., x(0), y(1-max) {p.s},..., y(0) are positive real numbers. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Determination by MAD-DM of the structure of the DNA duplex d[ACGTACG(5-BrU)]2 at 1.46 Å and 100 K

A four-wavelength MAD experiment on a new brominated octanucleotide is reported here. d[ACGTACG(5-BrU)], C77H81BrN30O32P7, (DNA) = 2235, tetragonal, P43212 (No. 96), a = 43.597, c = 26.268 Å, V = 49927.5 Å3, Z = 8, T = 100 K, R = 10.91% for 4312 reflections between 15.0 and 1.46 Å resolution. The self-complementary brominated octanucleotide d[ACGTACG(5-BrU)]2 has been crystallized and data measured to 1.45 Å at both 293 K and a second crystal flash frozen at 100 K. The latter data collection was carried out to the same resolution at the four wavelengths 0.9344, 0.9216, 0.9208 and 0.9003 Å, around the Br K edge at 0.92 Å and the structure determined from a map derived from a MAD data analysis using pseudo-MIR methodology, as implemented in the program MLPHARE. This is one of the first successful MAD phasing experiments carried out at Sincrotrone Elettra in Trieste, Italy. The structure was refined using the data measured at 0.9003 Å, anisotropic temperature factors and the restrained least-squares refinement implemented in the program SHELX96, and the helical parameters are compared with those previously determined for the isomorphous d(ACGTACGT)2 analogue. The asymmetric unit consists of a single strand of octamer with 96 water molecules. No countercations were located. The A-DNA helix geometry obtained has been analysed using the CURVES program.

Association between serotonin 5-HT-2C receptor gene (HTR2C) polymorphisms and obesity- and mental health-related phenotypes in a large population-based cohort

OBJECTIVE: Studies have shown that common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the serotonin 5-HT-2C receptor (HTR2C) are associated with antipsychotic agent-induced weight gain and the development of behavioural and psychological symptoms. We aimed to analyse whether variation in the HTR2C is associated with obesity- and mental health-related phenotypes in a large population-based cohort. METHOD: Six tagSNPs, which capture all common genetic variation in the HTR2C gene, were genotyped in 4978 men and women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk study, an ongoing prospective population-based cohort study in the United Kingdom. To confirm borderline significant associations, the -759C/T SNP (rs3813929) was genotyped in the remaining 16 003 individuals from the EPIC-Norfolk study. We assessed social and psychological circumstances using the Health and Life Experiences Questionnaire. Genmod models were used to test associations between the SNPs and the outcomes. Logistic regression was performed to test for association of SNPs with obesity- and mental health- related phenotypes. RESULTS: Of the six HTR2C SNPs, only the T allele of the -759C/T SNP showed borderline significant associations with higher body mass index (BMI) (0.23 kg m(-2); (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01-0.44); P=0.051) and increased risk of lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) (Odds ratio (OR): 1.13 (95% CI: 1.01-1.22), P=0.02). The associations between the -759C/T and BMI and lifetime MDD were independent. As associations only achieved borderline significance, we aimed to validate our findings on the -759C/T SNP in the full EPIC-Norfolk cohort (n=20 981). Although the association with BMI remained borderline significant (beta=0.20 kg m(-2); 95% CI: 0.04-0.44, P=0.09), that with lifetime MDD (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.94-1.09, P=0.73) was not replicated. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that common HTR2C gene variants are unlikely to have a major role in obesity- and mental health-related traits in the general population.

Synthesis and Electronic Structure of Dissymmetrical, Naphthalene-Bridged Sandwich Complexes [Cp′Fe(μ‑C10H8)MCp*]x (x = 0, +1; M =Fe, Ru; Cp′ = η5‑C5H2‑1,2,4‑tBu3; Cp* = η5‑C5Me5)

The dissymmetrical naphthalene-bridged complexes [Cp′Fe(μ-C10H8)FeCp*] (3; Cp* = η5-C5Me5, Cp′ = η5-C5H2-1,2,4-tBu3) and [Cp′Fe(μ-C10H8)RuCp*] (4) were synthesized via a one-pot procedure from FeCl2(thf)1.5, Cp′K, KC10H8, and [Cp* FeCl(tmeda)] (tmeda = N,N,N′,N′- tetramethylethylenediamine) or [Cp*RuCl]4, respectively. The symmetrically substituted iron ruthenium complex [Cp*Fe(μ-C10H8)RuCp*] (5) bearing two Cp* ligands was prepared as a reference compound. Compounds 3−5 are diamagnetic and display similar molecular structures, where the metal atoms are coordinated to opposite sides of the bridging naphthalene molecule. Cyclic voltammetry and UV/vis spectroelectrochemistry studies revealed that neutral 3−5 can be oxidized to monocations 3+−5+ and dications 32+−52+. The chemical oxidation of 3 and 4 with [Cp2Fe]PF6 afforded the paramagnetic hexafluorophosphate salts [Cp′Fe(μ-C10H8)FeCp*]PF6 ([3]PF6) and [Cp′Fe(μ-C10H8)RuCp*]PF6 ([4]PF6), which were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, including EPR and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. The molecular structure of [4]PF6 was determined by X-ray crystallography. DFT calculations support the structural and spectroscopic data and determine the compositions of frontier molecular orbitals in the investigated complexes. The effects of substituting Cp* with Cp′ and Fe with Ru on the electronic structures and the structural and spectroscopic properties are analyzed.

Inhibition of the cardiac Na+ channel Nav1.5 by carbon monoxide

Sub-lethal carbon monoxide (CO) exposure is frequently associated with myocardial arrhythmias and our recent studies have demonstrated that these may be attributable to modulation of cardiac Na+ channels, causing an increase in the late current and an inhibition of the peak current. Using a recombinant expression system, we demonstrate that CO inhibits peak human Nav1.5 current amplitude without activation of the late Na+ current observed in native tissue. Inhibition was associated with a hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state inactivation properties of the channels and was unaffected by modification of channel gating induced by anemone toxin (rATX-II). Systematic pharmacological assessment indicated that no recognised CO-sensitive intracellular signalling pathways appeared to mediate CO inhibition of Nav1.5. Inhibition was, however, markedly suppressed by inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) formation, but NO donors did not mimic or occlude channel inhibition by CO, indicating that NO alone did not account for the actions of CO. Exposure of cells to dithiothreitol immediately before CO exposure also dramatically reduced the magnitude of current inhibition. Similarly, L-cysteine and N-ethylmaleimide significantly attenuated the inhibition caused by CO. In the presence of DTT and the NO inhibitor L-NAME, the ability of CO to inhibit Nav1.5 was almost fully prevented. Our data indicate that inhibition of peak Na+ current (which can lead to Brugada-syndrome like arrhythmias) occurs via a mechanism distinct from induction of the late current, requires NO formation and is dependent on channel redox state.