Development of new applications of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) hyphenated with different sample introduction systems

225 p. : il. Texto en español con conclusiones en inglés

Disminución de la Ansiedad Estado previa al Cateterismo Cardiaco programado tras una intervención de enfermería

Los pacientes sometidos a cateterismo cardíaco (CC) experimentan niveles significativos de ansiedad relacionados con el procedimiento y puede ser percibido como una amenaza. Es fundamental por ello desarrollar estrategias de educación que se centren en las necesidades psicológicas y fisiológicas, manteniendo una información ordenada y clara, con el propósito de manejar y prevenir las complicaciones que se pueden presentar. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer si disminuye la ansiedad del paciente por medio de una intervención educativa enfermera, previa a la realización por primera vez del CC programado e Identificar el nivel de conocimientos sobre la prueba, el grado de satisfacción y confianza tras los cuidados enfermeros. Basado tanto en la información verbal, escrita y visualizada por medio de CD, como por la realización de técnicas cognitivas-conductuales. Apoyado por musicoterapia durante el periodo de espera previo al inicio del CC. Metodología: Sera un estudio experimental de ensayo clínico aleatorio, desarrollado en el Hospital Universitario Cruces (País Vasco-España), donde se crearan dos grupos: grupo control (pacientes antes de aplicar la intervención educativa, es decir, con la atención habitual) y grupo experimental (pacientes a los que se les aplica la intervención educativa).Formaran parte los primeros 225 pacientes mayores de 18 años que cumplan los requisitos de inclusión. Considero que es justificable la realización de este estudio, puesto que permitirá comprobar la eficacia de una intervención educativa de enfermería contribuyendo así a la disminución de la ansiedad y por consiguiente se podría protocolizar la intervención previa al procedimiento.

飞行目标红外多光谱高效识别算法

随着新型诱饵的快速发展,在日益复杂的目标环境中探测识别真假目标是红外探测识别系统最难解决的技术问题之一.通过分析天空背景下红外小目标,干扰物,噪音及背景的光谱特性,利用人造飞行目标光谱辐射强度高且相邻波段光谱辐射强度连续性特点,提出了一种以多光谱辐射强度和梯度相组合的目标识别高效算法.就此给出了相应的仿真算例,验证了算法在获取的红外图像信噪比很低,背景高亮度,多个诱饵干扰的条件下也能准确识别目标,具有更强的自适应性,更高的识别率和更为快捷的处理能力.

Effect of coal-over-coal reburn on furnace temperature and heat flux distributions in 1 MW tangentially fired furnace

The furnace temperature and heat flux distributions of 1 MW tangentially fired furnace were studied during coal-over-coal reburn, and the influences of the position of reburn nozzle and reburn fuel fraction on furnace temperature and heat flux distributions were investigated. Compared with the baseline, the flue gas temperature is 70–90 C lower in primary combustion and 130–150 C higher at furnace exit, and the variations of the flue gas temperature distributions along furnace height are slower. The temperature distribution along the width of furnace wall decreases with the increase of the relative furnace height. In the primary combustion zone and the reburn zone, the temperature and heat flux distributions of furnace wall are much non-uniform and asymmetric along the width of furnace wall, those of furnace wall in the burnout zone are relatively uniform, and the temperature non-uniformity coefficients of the primary combustion zone, the reburn zone and the burnout zone are 0.290, 0.100 and 0.031, respectively.

Enhanced dispersive wave generation by using chirped pulses in a microstructured fiber

A theoretical investigation on the nonlinear pulse propagation and dispersive wave generation in the anomalous dispersion region of a microstructured fiber is presented. By simulating the dispersive wave generation under different conditions. it is found that the generation mechanism of the dispersive wave is mainly due to the pulse trapping across the zero-dispersion wavelength. By varying the initial pulse chirp, the output spectrum can be broadened and the intensity of the dispersive wave can be obviously enhanced. In particular, there exists an optimal positive chirp which maximizes the intensity of the dispersive wave. This effect can be explained by the energy transfer from the Raman soliton to the dispersive wave due to the effect of the pulse trapping and the effect of the higher-order dispersion. From the phase aspect, the explanation of this effect is also included. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Additional income generating activities for fishermen wives in Kainji Lake basin

The quest for food security and poverty alleviation among rural fisherfolks is imperative in the context of rural development. Rural fishermen and women do not only partake in fishing and related activities in order to make ends meet but also seek more sustainable ways of absorbing shocks and reducing their vulnerability to unforeseen economics conditions. These they do through diversification of their efforts to such activities that enables them have good leverage over poverty and food scarcity. It is in this context that Nigerian-German Technical Co-operation (GTZ) sought to assist the fisherfolks to help themselves by training the fishermen wives on knowledge and skill acquisition in Soya bean processing and utilization as a means of generating additional income for the household in Kainji Lake basin. This work was therefore carried out in order to make an objective investigation into the impact of this training on the economy of the fisherfolks. Sixty respondents, who constitute fishermen wives, were randomly selected from twelve fishing villages in the basin. 76.7% of those interviewed affirmed that the project has increased their income while others agreed that it has actually reduced their expenditure on food while increasing food supply and variety for the household

British freshwater Malacostracan

This short divertissement touches lightly on the vagaries of vernacular names for culinary and other crustaceans, gives a thumbnail sketch of the distribution of the common and less well-known freshwater

Propriedade rural, posse e meio ambiente: uma ponderação harmoniosa

A presente tese tem por objetivo defender, sob a visão do direito civil-constitucional e da função promocional do direito, a inter-relação entre os direitos de posse, propriedade e do meio ambiente e a possibilidade de uma ponderação harmoniosa em caso de desequilíbrio entre esses direitos. Utiliza-se para tanto a dimensão analítica, empírica e normativa. A dimensão analítica tem por objetivo investigar os conceitos jurídicos envolvidos na pesquisa, especialmente em relação à propriedade e à sua função socioambiental. A relação entre tais conceitos sobressai através da análise da função socioambiental da propriedade, da posse enfatizando-se os aspectos da legislação ambiental. O direito fundamental ao meio ambiente é estudado como direito e dever de todos conforme disposto no art. 225 da Constituição de 1988, e, nesse ponto, diretamente eficaz nas relações interprivadas. Aborda-se, na dimensão empírica e normativa essencialmente aspectos práticos, com foco na jurisprudência, especialmente do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) e do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ). A ponderação harmoniosa entre a propriedade, a posse e o meio ambiente, busca o equilíbrio na efetivação desses direitos, inclusive mediante a aplicação dos princípios do direito econômico. Por meio da ponderação, é possível alcançar, de forma mais eficiente do que o modelo tradicional de subsunção, uma resposta adequada e fundamentada para os casos difíceis, especialmente na efetivação e na restauração do equilíbrio entre a posse, a propriedade e o meio ambiente quando esses princípios, no caso concreto, colidem uns com os outros. Sobretudo, pretende-se concretizar os direitos fundamentais segundo exigências do pós-positivismo, por meio da aproximação entre o Direito e a Ética, com o fim de se alcançar a Justiça para o caso concreto.

The mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of the upper River Sigi, north-east Tanzania

The work reported here results from material collected by the author made during 12 years residence in the East Usambaras in the 1950s and early 1960s, as well as a more recent visit. The faunal list the author has compiled comprises 45 species. As well as named species known to occur in the torrential section of the River Sigi, it includes those that are distinct but insufficiently well defined at present to have been formally described. For the sake of completeness, five species of Cloeon and one of Procloeon known to occur in ponds and pools formed by the damming of end-streams in forest clearings, have been included.

Climate change and its risk reduction by mangrove ecosystem of Bangladesh

Climate change is amongst the most dreaded problems of the new millennium. Bangladesh is a coastal country bounded by Bay of Bengal on its southern part and here natural disasters are an ongoing part of human life. This paper discusses about the possible impact of climate change through tropical cyclones, storm surges, coastal erosion and sea level rise in the coastal community of Bangladesh and how they cope with these extreme events by the help of mangrove ecosystem. Both qualitative and quantitative discussions are made by collected data from different research work those are conducted in Bangladesh. Mangrove ecosystem provides both goods and services for coastal community, helps to improve livelihood options and protect them from natural disaster by providing variety of environmental support