987 resultados para 418
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Incluye Bibliografía
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The Rio Preto Project, developed by the extinct Brazilian nuclear state company, Nuclebrás, during the late 70s and early 80s, consisted of basic geological mapping and radiometric characterization by aerogeophysical gamma-ray spectrometry, without channel discrimination, of a surface area of 650 km2 located to the west of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park on the northeastern of Goiás State, Brazil, including the confluence area of Claro and Preto Rivers. Additionally, the natural radioelements U, Th and 40K were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry in 300 rock samples from cores of the Rio Preto Project area. The tests were conducted at LABIDRO-Isotopes and Hydrochemistry Laboratory of the Departament of Petrology and Metallogeny (DPM) of the Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, UNESP, in Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. This paper reports the results of petrographic characterization and chemical analyses of major oxides (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, MnO, K2O, Na2O, CaO and P2O5) for all samples used to determine the natural radioelements present in the region. The organic matter content results obtained by colorimetry are also reported for selected cores of different lithotypes in order to investigate the possible relationship between graphite and the radioelements uranium and thorium. Finally, uranium content and 234U/238U activity ratio data for selected samples of schists and gneisses of the Lower Member of the Ticunzal Formation suggest the influence of weathering processes in the area. © 2012 Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica.
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Incluye Bibliografía
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El análisis de la Ley Nro. 19.175 sobre gobierno y administración regional privilegia aquellos aspectos considerados de mayor relevancia para las materias de salud. En este sentido destacan las funciones y atribución del del gobierno regional, los órganos y estructura administrativa del mismo, las restricciones de la institucionalidad y los temas de salud prioritarios.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC
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The Caribbean region remains highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In order to assess the social and economic consequences of climate change for the region, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean( ECLAC) has developed a model for this purpose. The model is referred to as the Climate Impact Assessment Model (ECLAC-CIAM) and is a tool that can simultaneously assess multiple sectoral climate impacts specific to the Caribbean as a whole and for individual countries. To achieve this goal, an Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) with a Computable General Equilibrium Core was developed comprising of three modules to be executed sequentially. The first of these modules defines the type and magnitude of economic shocks on the basis of a climate change scenario, the second module is a global Computable General Equilibrium model with a special regional and industrial classification and the third module processes the output of the CGE model to get more disaggregated results. The model has the potential to produce several economic estimates but the current default results include percentage change in real national income for individual Caribbean states which provides a simple measure of welfare impacts. With some modifications, the model can also be used to consider the effects of single sectoral shocks such as (Land, Labour, Capital and Tourism) on the percentage change in real national income. Ultimately, the model is envisioned as an evolving tool for assessing the impact of climate change in the Caribbean and as a guide to policy responses with respect to adaptation strategies.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal) - IBRC
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Como a malária ainda se mantém como um grave problema de saúde pública e continua afetando grupos da população que vive na região amazônica, principalmente os que moram em áreas de assentamentos e de exploração de garimpos é que decidiu-se desenvolver estudos voltados para a expansão da endemia e sua vinculação com o processo migratório. Outras questões, como a atividade ocupacional, moradia, e a situação da malária importada pela fronteira internacional, também foram consideradas. O universo alvo do estudo está no estado do Amapá, mais especificamente nos municípios de Ferreira Gomes, Porto Grande, Pedra Branca do Amapari, Serra do Navio e Oiapoque com enfoque no contexto urbano de cada município e nas áreas de assentamentos e garimpos onde, no período de 1990 2003, ocorreu a maior incidência parasitária anual e o maior índice de lâminas positivas, para a infecção pelo Plasmodium falciparum. O estudo exploratório - descritivo vinculado ao estudo ecológico foram utilizados para descrever as áreas geográficas e os dados obtidos pelo Sistema de Informações de Malária (SISMAL) e Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica (SIVEP), deram suporte para as análises quantitativas e abordagem qualitativa da situação da malária nas áreas de estudo. Os mapas temáticos foram gerados a partir do georreferenciamento da população estudada utilizando-se a ferramenta ArquiGiz e a base cartográfica digital da Secretaria de Meio Ambiente SEMA , que possibilitaram através de uma visão espacial a discussão, analise e descrição dos fenômenos observados. Mediante os resultados obtidos concluiu-se que a atividade ocupacional e moradia têm relação direta com a incidência da malária, pois no período analisado mesmo com as políticas que foram utilizadas para o controle da endemia as áreas estudadas se mantiveram como de alto risco e a infecção pelo P. falciparum aumentou, principalmente no Oiapoque, fronteira internacional, onde os casos importados apresentaram a mesma tendência.
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The visual system is a potential target for methylmercury (MeHg) intoxication. Nevertheless, there are few studies about the cellular mechanisms of toxicity induced by MeHg in retinal cells. Various reports have indicated a critical role for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activation in modulating MeHg neurotoxicity in cerebellar and cortical regions. The aim of the present study is to describe the effects of MeHg on cell viability and NOS activation in chick retinal cell cultures. For this purpose, primary cultures were prepared from 7-day-old chick embryos: retinas were aseptically dissected and dissociated and cells were grown at 37ºC for 7-8 days. Cultures were exposed to MeHg (10 µM, 100 µM, and 1 mM) for 2, 4, and 6 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT method and NOS activity by monitoring the conversion of L-[H3]-arginine to L-[H3]-citrulline. The incubation of cultured retina cells with 10 and 100 µM MeHg promoted an increase of NOS activity compared to control (P < 0.05). Maximum values (P < 0.05) were reached after 4 h of MeHg incubation: increases of 81.6 ± 5.3 and 91.3 ± 3.7%, respectively (data are reported as mean ± SEM for 4 replicates). MeHg also promoted a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability, with the highest toxicity (a reduction of about 80% in cell viability) being observed at the concentration of 1 mM and after 4-6 h of incubation. The present study demonstrates for the first time the modulation of MeHg neurotoxicity in retinal cells by the nitrergic system