Parâmetros biológicos e tabela de vida de fertilidade de Neopamera bilobata (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae) em morangueiro

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros biológicos e determinar a tabela de vida de fertilidade de Neopamera bilobata (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae) em morangueiro. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Entomologia da Embrapa Uva e Vinho, em Bento Gonçalves, RS, em câmara climatizada (a 23±1°C, 70±10% UR e fotófase de 12 horas). Utilizaram-se folíolos, flores, frutos verdes e maduros de morangueiro 'Aromas' como alimento para os percevejos. O desenvolvimento das fases imaturas e os parâmetros biológicos dos adultos foram monitorados diariamente. O percevejo N. bilobata não completou o ciclo biológico em folíolos e flores de morangueiro. Em frutos maduros e verdes, o tempo de desenvolvimento da ninfa ao adulto foi de 32,8±9,12 e 36,7±6,80 dias, com viabilidade de 27,3 e 51%, respectivamente. O período de oviposição foi de 34,7±21,2 dias, com 319,1±262,7 ovos em frutos maduros, e de 43,9±18,3 dias, com 318,2±144,7 ovos em frutos verdes. Neopamera bilobata completa seu ciclo biológico na cultura do morangueiro. Frutos verdes de morangueiro são mais adequados ao desenvolvimento deste inseto do que frutos maduros.

Les gens, les mots, les choses : un village haut-savoyard en 1900, Cordon, 1860-1939 / Jean-Paul Brusson ; [dessins de l'auteur] ; [avec une grammaire du patois par Jacqueline Vaucher]

Collection : Mémoires et documents publiés par l'Académie salésienne ; 90-91

Dictionnaire critique et raisonné du langage vicieux ou réputé vicieux : ouvrage pouvant servir de complément au "Dictionnaire des difficultés de la langue française" par Laveaux ([Reprod.]) / par un ancien professeur

Collection : Archives de la linguistique française ; 318

A computationally efficient shear deformable beam element for large deformation multibody applications

In this paper, a new two-dimensional shear deformable beam element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation is proposed. The nonlinear elastic forces of the beam element are obtained using a continuum mechanics approach without employing a local element coordinate system. In this study, linear polynomials are used to interpolate both the transverse and longitudinal components of the displacement. This is different from other absolute nodal-coordinate-based beam elements where cubic polynomials are used in the longitudinal direction. The accompanying defects of the phenomenon known as shear locking are avoided through the adoption of selective integration within the numerical integration method. The proposed element is verified using several numerical examples, and the results are compared to analytical solutions and the results for an existing shear deformable beam element. It is shown that by using the proposed element, accurate linear and nonlinear static deformations, as well as realistic dynamic behavior, can be achieved with a smaller computational effort than by using existing shear deformable two-dimensional beam elements.

Minimization of biosynthetic costs in adaptive gene expression responses of yeast to environmental changes

Yeast successfully adapts to an environmental stress by altering physiology and fine-tuning metabolism. This fine-tuning is achieved through regulation of both gene expression and protein activity, and it is shaped by various physiological requirements. Such requirements impose a sustained evolutionary pressure that ultimately selects a specific gene expression profile, generating a suitable adaptive response to each environmental change. Although some of the requirements are stress specific, it is likely that others are common to various situations. We hypothesize that an evolutionary pressure for minimizing biosynthetic costs might have left signatures in the physicochemical properties of proteins whose gene expression is fine-tuned during adaptive responses. To test this hypothesis we analyze existing yeast transcriptomic data for such responses and investigate how several properties of proteins correlate to changes in gene expression. Our results reveal signatures that are consistent with a selective pressure for economy in protein synthesis during adaptive response of yeast to various types of stress. These signatures differentiate two groups of adaptive responses with respect to how cells manage expenditure in protein biosynthesis. In one group, significant trends towards downregulation of large proteins and upregulation of small ones are observed. In the other group we find no such trends. These results are consistent with resource limitation being important in the evolution of the first group of stress responses.

Caracterização fenológica de variedades do tipo Murcott em três porta-enxertos

O estudo do desenvolvimento das plantas relacionado com as condições climáticas de uma região permite a elaboração de modelos de previsão que podem ser úteis na programação de colheita. Esses modelos possibilitam prever o início da safra e a duração dos diferentes períodos fenológicos das plantas, assim como auxilia no manejo de práticas agrícolas. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar variedades de tangerinas do tipo Murcott enxertadas em diferentes porta-enxertos, avaliando a resposta fenológica de cada uma delas em função do acúmulo de graus-dia. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro Avançado de Pesquisa Tecnológica do Agronegócio de Citros Sylvio Moreira/IAC, localizado na cidade de Cordeirópolis-SP, durante a safra 2003-2004. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualisados e esquema fatorial 5 (variedades copas) x 3 (porta-enxertos), com 4 repetições, com uma planta por parcela. As variedades estudadas foram Thomas, Szuwinkon, Szuwinkon x Szinkon-Tizon e Sul da África, tendo como testemunha o tangor Murcott. Essas copas foram enxertadas em limoeiro Cravo, tangerineira Sunki e citrumeleiro Swingle, e plantadas em 1995. Para a caracterização fenológica, foram atribuídas notas de uma escala elaborada para os estádios fenológicos, desde o pré-florescimento até a maturação fisiológica dos frutos, determinando as datas de ocorrência das fases reprodutivas das plantas. Com isso, calculou-se o acúmulo de graus-dia para os subperíodos fenológicos. Pelas características das combinações, existem diferenças nas respostas das plantas, onde: a) o acúmulo de graus-dia, da antese até ratio 12, variou de 2.272 GD a 2.836 GD, sendo que as tangerinas Szuwinkon, Szuwinkon x Szinkon-Tizon e Sul da África obtiveram os menores valores (» 2.318 GD), a Murcott cerca de 2.462 GD e a tangerina Thomas os maiores valores (» 2.791 GD); foram observadas diferenças de 20 dias do florescimento até ratio 12, dependendo da combinação copa/porta-enxerto.

Características físicas, químicas e organolépticas de quipá (Tacinga inamoena, Cactaceae)

A Opuntia ficus-indica tem-se destacado como principal produtora de frutos e forragens, motivo pelo qual tem sido bastante pesquisada. Além desta espécie, no semi-árido do Nordeste é encontrada a Tacinga inamoena, planta nativa, cujo fruto, embora também utilizado pelo agricultor como alternativa alimentar, não foi objeto de nenhuma pesquisa até o momento, justificando este trabalho para avaliar seu potencial nutricional e industrial, por meio das características organolépticas, químicas e físicas, conteúdo nutricional e composição mineral. O quipá apresenta características organolépticas similares às de frutos de mesmo gênero, com rendimento da porção comestível, polpa e pericarpo carnoso de 62,87% do peso total do fruto. No que diz respeito à composição química, a polpa difere significativamente do pericarpo carnoso, com superioridade deste último, que apresenta maior teor de minerais, destacando-se dentre estes o cálcio, o magnésio e o potássio que apresentaram valores de 587,04mg, 257,02mg e 318,01mg, respectivamente. Os resultados evidenciam que o quipá é adequado para consumo in natura e apresenta potencial para aproveitamento industrial.

Percutaneous coronary interventions prior to coronary artery bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are frequently performed before coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. This study sought to evaluate postoperative outcomes, and incidence of recurrent target ischemia in vessels with prior PCI in patients who had PCI prior to CABG compared to only CABG patients. METHODS: A review included CABG patients operated from 2000 to 2012. PCI prior to CABG patients were compared with patients having had CABG on native coronary arteries. Demographic and risk factors, including hospital morbidity, mortality, and recurrent target vessel ischemia at follow-up (FU), were compared. Major end-points were statistical differences of postoperative morbidity and reintervention rates due to symptomatic graft failure or target vessel ischemia during FU. RESULTS: Twenty-four percent of 1669 isolated CABG patients had PCI prior to CABG, with an increasing percentage during recent years. Demographics, risk factors, comorbidities and mortality rates were similar. Incidence of postoperative hemorrhage (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1-3.2; p = 0.02), perioperative myocardial infarction rate (p = 0.02), neurological deficits (OR 3.5; 95% CI 1.2-9.7; p = 0.02) and re-intervention rate for symptomatic graft or target vessel occlusion were higher in pretreated patients (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-3.0; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: PCI prior to CABG increases the risk for postoperative morbidity. Increased postoperative hemorrhage could be attributed to ongoing double anti-platelet therapy. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12514 (J Card Surg 2015;30:313-318).

Modern Gamma Knife radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas: treatment concept, volumetric tumor response, and functional results.

The objective of the present study was longitudinal evaluation of the volumetric tumor response and functional results after Gamma Knife radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas, performed according to the modern standards of treatment. From October 2003 to September 2007, 133 consecutive patients with vestibular schwannomas were treated according to the concept of robotic Gamma Knife microradiosurgery, which is based on precise irradiation of the lesion, sparing adjacent structures, and delivery of the high radiation energy to the target. Multiple small-sized isocenters located within the border of the neoplasm were applied. The mean marginal dose was 11.5 Gy (range, 11-12 Gy). In total, 126 cases with a minimum posttreatment follow-up of 2 years (range, 2-7 years; median, 4 years) were analyzed. Temporary enlargement was noted in 25 % of tumors at 6 months after radiosurgery. At 3 years of follow-up, tumor shrinkage, stabilization, and increase in volume were marked in 73 %, 23 %, and 4 % of cases, respectively. All progressing lesions spontaneously stabilized later on and did not require additional management. In 3 % of patients, transitory impairment of the facial nerve function was marked; however, neither its permanent dysfunction nor trigeminal neuropathy attributed to radiosurgery was noted. Impairment of hearing compared to its pretreatment level was revealed in 4 %, 12 %, 13 %, and 16 % of patients at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years after radiosurgery, respectively, and this trend was statistically significant (P = 0.0042). Overall, 77 % of patients with serviceable hearing before treatment preserved it 3 years thereafter. In conclusion, modern Gamma Knife radiosurgery provides effective and safe management of vestibular schwannomas. Nevertheless, possible temporary tumor enlargement, delay of its growth arrest, transient dysfunction of the cranial nerves, and gradual deterioration of hearing after irradiation should be always taken into consideration.

Nativus Sueciae adiacentiumque regnorum typus - [Yleiskuva - Overview]

Amsterdam : J. Hondius 1613

Developing a theoretical framework using a nursing perspective to investigate perceived health in the "Sandwich Generation" group

Coexisting workloads from professional, household and family, and caregiving activities for frail parents expose middle-aged individuals, the so-called "Sandwich Generation", to potential health risks. Current trends suggest that this situation will continue or increase. Thus SG health promotion has become a nursing concern. Most existing research considers coexisting workloads a priori pathogenic. Most studies have examined the association of one, versus two, of these three activities with health. Few studies have used a nursing perspective. This article presents the development of a framework based on a nursing model. We integrated Siegrist's Effort-Reward Imbalance middle-range theory into "Neuman Systems Model". The latter was chosen for its salutogenic orientation, its attention to preventive nursing interventions and the opportunity it provides to simultaneously consider positive and negative perceptions of SG health and SG coexisting workloads. Finally, it facilitated a theoretical identification of health protective factors.

Improvement of allocentric spatial memory resolution in children from 2 to 4 years of age

Allocentric spatial memory, the memory for locations coded in relation to objects comprising our environment, is a fundamental component of episodic memory and is dependent on the integrity of the hippocampal formation in adulthood. Previous research from different laboratories reported that basic allocentric spatial memory abilities are reliably observed in children after 2 years of age. Based on work performed in monkeys and rats, we had proposed that the functional maturation of direct entorhinal cortex projections to the CA1 field of the hippocampus might underlie the emergence of basic allocentric spatial memory. We also proposed that the protracted development of the dentate gyrus and its projections to the CA3 field of the hippocampus might underlie the development of high-resolution allocentric spatial memory capacities, based on the essential contribution of these structures to the process known as pattern separation. Here, we present an experiment designed to assess the development of spatial pattern separation capacities and its impact on allocentric spatial memory performance in children from 18 to 48 months of age. We found that: (1) allocentric spatial memory performance improved with age, (2) as compared to younger children, a greater number of children older than 36 months advanced to the final stage requiring the highest degree of spatial resolution, and (3) children that failed at different stages exhibited difficulties in discriminating locations that required higher spatial resolution abilities. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that improvements in human spatial memory performance might be linked to improvements in pattern separation capacities.