Fiscal Update, October 16, 2001

The Fiscal Division newsletter, published weekly during session and periodically during the interim.

Housewife or working mum--each to her own? The relevance of societal factors in the association between social roles and alcohol use among mothers in 16 industrialized countries.

Aims To investigate whether differences in gender-income equity at country level explain national differences in the links between alcohol use, and the combination of motherhood and paid labour. Design Cross-sectional data in 16 established market economies participating in the Gender, Alcohol and Culture: An International Study (GenACIS) study. Setting Population surveys. Participants A total of 12 454 mothers (aged 25-49 years). Measurements Alcohol use was assessed as the quantity per drinking day. Paid labour, having a partner, gender-income ratio at country level and the interaction between individual and country characteristics were regressed on alcohol consumed per drinking day using multi-level modelling. Findings Mothers with a partner who were in paid labour reported consuming more alcohol on drinking days than partnered housewives. In countries with high gender-income equity, mothers with a partner who were in paid labour drank less alcohol per occasion, while alcohol use was higher among working partnered mothers living in countries with lower income equity. Conclusion In countries which facilitate working mothers, daily alcohol use decreases as female social roles increase; in contrast, in countries where there are fewer incentives for mothers to remain in work, the protective effect of being a working mother (with partner) on alcohol use is weaker. These data suggest that a country's investment in measures to improve the compatibility of motherhood and paid labour may reduce women's alcohol use.

Fiscal Update, October 16, 2001

The Fiscal Division newsletter, published weekly during session and periodically during the interim.

Fiscal Update, October 16, 2001

The Fiscal Division newsletter, published weekly during session and periodically during the interim.

Fiscal Update, January 16, 2003

The Fiscal Division newsletter, published weekly during session and periodically during the interim.

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, October 16, 2009

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, October 16, 2009

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

EPI Update, October 16, 2009

Weekly newsletter for Center For Acute Disease Epidemiology of Iowa Department of Public Health.

Fiscal Update, December 16, 2003

The Fiscal Division newsletter, published weekly during session and periodically during the interim.

Fiscal Update, February 16, 2004

The Fiscal Division newsletter, published weekly during session and periodically during the interim.

Solubilidade de metais pesados em solos tratados com lodo de esgoto enriquecido

Os lodos de esgoto são materiais orgânicos ricos em nutrientes com potencial para o uso agrícola. A utilização desses materiais, no entanto, pode ser limitada pela presença de metais pesados na sua composição. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivos: (a) avaliar a solubilidade de Cd, Pb e Zn em dois tipos de solos tratados com lodo de esgoto enriquecido com esses metais; (b) verificar o efeito do tempo de contato nas mudanças da distribuição de Cd, Pb e Zn nas diferentes formas químicas de dois solos tratados com lodo de esgoto enriquecido com esses metais; (c) verificar a influência das frações inorgânicas e orgânicas do lodo na dinâmica destes metais no solo. O enriquecimento do lodo de esgoto consistiu em adicionar Cd, Pb e Zn a um lodo de esgoto urbano produzido na Estação de Tratamento da Ilha do Governador (ETIG), Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Após 20 dias de incubação, sob umidade constante (50 % g g-1), o lodo enriquecido foi utilizado para a instalação de experimentos em amostras de duas classes de solos: Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LV) e Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo (PV). Em laboratório, as amostras dos solos foram incubadas com quantidades equivalentes a 0; 20; 40 e 80 t ha-1 de lodo de esgoto enriquecido. Nos tempos de contato solo-lodo enriquecido de 4, 12, 16, 24 e 160 semanas, amostras de solos foram retiradas e submetidas à extração seqüencial de Cd, Pb e Zn. Observou-se, através da extração seqüencial, que compostos orgânicos solúveis formaram complexos, principalmente com cádmio e zinco, mantendo teores elevados destes elementos associados à fração solúvel em água durante todo o período experimental. A incorporação de compostos inorgânicos de Fe e Mn, através do lodo de esgoto, permitiu que o Cd, Pb e Zn se ligassem em sua maior parte, à fração extraível com hidroxilamina. Com o tempo de incubação, observou-se decréscimo dessa fração com aumento da fração residual, indicando decréscimo na solubilidade destes elementos, com o passar do tempo, reduzindo os riscos de contaminação.