25MeV/A~(40)Ar+~(115)In反应中轻粒子发射研究及大面积位置灵敏闪烁探测器的研制

论文分为两个部分。第一部分：研究在25MeV/u ~(40)Ar+~(115)In反应中轻粒子发射机制。实验中，利用研制的轻粒子探测器测量了发射的P、#alpha#能谱。用三源模型拟合了轻粒子能谱，所提取的参数与费米气体模型的计算结果进行比较，分析了发射源形成和衰变的一些特点。第二部分：研制一种大面积幅度、时间、位置灵敏闪烁探测器。它是HIRFL上建成的第一阶段放射性核束物理实验终端的主要设备之一，在首次放射性核束调试中收到良好的效果。本文的目的是用经典理论研究了热核形成及衰变的一些性质，在即将开展的放射性核束物理研究中， 利用研制的大型探测器对经典理论普适性进行检验

空间望远镜系统的设计及硅锂探测器的研制

论文的结构分为空间望远镜系统的设计和硅（锂）探测器研制两个部分。第一部分主要介绍了空间望远镜系统的设计，该空间望远镜系统能鉴别Z≤26、M≤56范围内的空间带电粒子，该系统的设计在国内是首例，它将使我国空间高能带电粒子的鉴别和测量上一个新的台阶；第二个部分主要介绍适合于探测空间粒子的硅（锂）探测器的研制及其性能的测试过程。该探测器的研制成功为空间高能带电粒子的探测提供了必要的准备。 我们已经提供给空间科学与应用研究中心二十多块硅（锂）探测器。我们用ThC'-C源和137Cs源对硅（锂）探测器进行了测试，我们在120V时便可得到137Cs电子谱；我们在250V常温常压得到α粒子谱，其能量分辨可好于37Kev，长期加压测试时硅（锂）探测器的反向电流变化稳定，在持续20天加压250V时，其中直径为12mm的硅（锂）探测器的电流变化可达1.10±0.50微安，信噪比可达420倍。

Self-assembled 3D Architectures of LuBO3 : Eu3+: Phase-selective synthesis, growth mechanism, and tunable luminescent properties

Rhombohedral-calcite and hexagonal-vaterite types of LuBO:Eu3+ microparticles with various complex self-assembled 3D architectures have been prepared selectively by an efficient surfactant- and template-free hydrothermal process for the first time. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, photoluminescence, and cathodoluminescence spectra as well as kinetic decays were used to characterize the samples.

Synthesis and luminescent properties of Lu3Ga5O12 : RE3+ (RE = Eu, Tb, and Pr) nanocrystalline phosphors via sol-gel process

Lu3Ga5O12:Eu3+, Lu3Ga5O12:Tb3+, and Lu3Ga5O12:Pr3+ phosphors were prepared through a Pechini-type sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), photoluminescence, and cathodoluminescence spectra were utilized to characterize the synthesized phosphors. The XRD results reveal that the sample begins to crystallize at 800 degrees C and fully crystallined pure Lu3Ga5O12 phase can be obtained at 1000 degrees C. The FESEM image indicates that the phosphor sample is composed of aggregated rice grainlike particles with sizes around 80-120 nm.

Hydrothermal synthesis and luminescent properties of LuBO3: Tb3+ microflowers

Hexagonal vaterite-type LuBO3:Tb3+ microflower-like phosphors have been successfully prepared by an efficient surfactant- and template-free hydrothermal process directly without further sintering treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), photoluminescence(PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra as well as kinetic decays were used to characterize the samples.

Thermoluminescence characteristics of rare-earth-doped LiCaBO3 phosphor

LiCaBO3 was synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reaction. The influence of different rare earth dopants, i.e. Dy3+, Tb3+. TM3+ and Ce3+, on thermoluminescence (TL) of LiCaBO3 phosphor was discussed. We studied the TL properties and some dosimetric characteristics of Ce3+-activated LiCaBO3 phosphor in detail. The effect of the concentration of Ce3+ on TL was investigated, the result of which showed that the optimum Ce3+ concentration was 1 mol%. The TL kinetic parameters of LiCaBO3:0.01 Ce3+ were studied by computer glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) method.

Amphiphilic Core-Shell Nanocarriers Based On Hyperbranched Poly(ester amide)-star-PCL: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential as Efficient Phase Transfer Agent

Amphiphilic biodegradable star-shaped polymer was conveniently prepared by the Sn(Oct)(2)-catalyzed ring opening polymerization of c-caprolactone (CL) with hyperbranched poly(ester amide) (PEA) as a macroinitiator. Various monomer/initiator ratios were employed to vary the length of the PCL arms. H-1 NMR and FTIR characterizations showed the successful synthesis of star polymer with high initiation efficiency. SEC analysis using triple detectors, RI, light scattering, and viscosity confirmed the controlled manner of polymerization and the star architecture.

Thermoluminescence characteristics of NaSr4(BO3)(3):Ce3+ under beta-ray irradiation

The thermoluminescence (TL) properties of Ce3+ doped NaSr4(BO3)(3) phosphor under the beta-ray irradiation were reported. The polycrystalline sample was synthesized by high temperature solid-state reaction. The TL glow curve of NaSr4(BO3)(3):Ce3+ phosphor was composed of only one peak. TL kinetic parameters of NaSr4(BO3)(3):Ce3+ were deduced by the peak shape method, the activation energy (E) was 0.590 eV and the frequency factor was 1.008x10(6) s(-1). TL dose response was linear in the range of measurement. The 3-dimensional (3D) TL emission spectrum was also recorded, the emission spectrum consisted of two bands located at 441 and 479 nm respectively, corresponding to the characteristic 4f(0)5d(1)-> F-2((5/2,7/2)) transitions of the Ce3+ ion. The fading behavior of the NaSr4(BO3)(3):Ce3+ phosphor over a period of 15 d was also studied.

Morphological control and luminescent properties of CeF3 nanocrystals

The nanocrystals of CeF3 with the hexagonal structure and different morphologies such as the disk, the rod, and the dot have been successfully synthesized via a mild ultrasound assisted route from an aqueous solution of cerium nitrate and different fluorine sources (KBF4, NaF, NH4F). The use of different fluorine sources has a remarkable effect on the morphology of the final product. The luminescence and UV-vis absorption properties of CeF3 nanocrystals with different morphologies have been investigated. Compared with other shape nanocrystals, the luminescence intensity of the disklike nanocrystals is obviously enhanced. It is suggested that the function-improved materials could be obtained by tailoring the shape of the CeF3 nanocrystals.

Facile synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched poly(ether amide)s generated from Michael addition polymerization of in situ created AB(2) monomers

A new straightforward strategy for synthesis of novel hyperbranched poly (ether amide)s from readily available monomers has been developed. By optimizing the reaction conditions, the AB(2)-type monomers were formed dominantly during the initial reaction stage. Without any purification, the AB(2) intermediate was subjected to further polymerization in the presence (or absence) of an initiator, to prepare the hyperbranched polymer-bearing multihydroxyl end-groups. The influence of monomer, initiator, and solvent on polymerization and the molecular weight (MW) of the resultant polymers was studied thoroughly. The MALDI-TOF MS of the polymers indicated that the polymerization proceeded in the proposed way. Analyses of H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR spectra revealed the branched structures of the polymers obtained. These polymers exhibit high-moderate MWs and broad MW distributions determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in combination with triple detectors, including refractive index, light scattering, and viscosity detectors. In addition, the examination of the solution behavior of these polymers showed that the values of intrinsic viscosity [eta] and the Mark-Houwink exponent a were remarkably lower compared with their linear analogs, because of their branched nature.

AMPEROMETRIC DETECTION OF CATECHOLAMINES WITH LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AT A NOVELLY CONSTRUCTED PRUSSIAN BLUE CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ELECTRODE

A novel Prussian blue chemically modified electrode (CME) was constructed and characterized for liquid chromatography electrochemical detection (LCEC) of catecholamines. Both anodic and cathodic peaks could be obtained by monitoring at constant applied potential at anodic and slightly cathodic potential ranges (0.3-0.7 and -0.2-0.1 V vs. SCE), respectively. When arranged in a series configuration, using the modified electrodes as generating and collecting detectors, extremely high effective collection efficiencies of 0.91 (for norepinephrine) and 0.58 (for dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) were achieved in dual-electrode LCEC for catecholamines; and a linear response range over 3 orders of magnitude and a detection limit of 10 pg were obtained with a downstream CME as the indicating detector.

THE USE OF CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ELECTRODES FOR LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AND FLOW-INJECTION ANALYSIS

The use of chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) for liquid chromatography and flow-injection analysis is reviewed. Electrochemical detection with CMEs based on electrocatalysis, permselectivity, ion flow in redox films, and ion transfer across the water-solidified nitrobenzene interface is discussed in terms of improving the stability, selectivity, and scope of electrochemical detectors, and the detection of electroinactive substances. More than 90 references are included.

利用激光诱导击穿光谱对铝合金成分进行多元素同时定量分析

利用激光诱导击穿光谱定量分析了铝合金中多种元素的成分。采用Nd∶YAG脉冲激光器,在空气环境下烧蚀铝合金固体样品获得等离子体。利用多通道光栅光谱仪和CCD检测器对200～980nm波长范围的光谱进行同时检测。研究了检测时延、激光脉冲能量、元素深度分布对光谱强度的影响,考虑这些因素之后对实验参数进行了优化。在优化的实验参数下对国家标准铝合金样品中的八种元素Si,Fe,Cu,Mn,Mg,Zn,Sn及Ni进行了定标,并利用定标曲线对一种铝合金样品进行了定量分析。实验结果表明,测量结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)最大为5.89%,相对误差在-20.99%～15%范围内,说明对铝合金样品成分进行定量分析,激光诱导击穿光谱是一种有效的光谱分析工具,但是分析结果的准确度仍需要提高。

基于几何特征的快速高精度角点检测算法

角点检测应用十分广泛,是许多计算机视觉任务的基础。本文提出了一种快速、高精度的角点检测算法,算法简单新颖,角点条件和角点响应函数设计独特。和以往不同的是:算法在设计上考虑的是角点的局部几何特征,使得处理的数据量大为减少,同时能够很好地保证检测精度等其他性能指标。通过和广泛使用的SUSAN算法、Harris算法在正确率、漏检、精度、抗噪声、计算复杂度等方面进行综合比较,结果表明该算法无论对人工合成图像还是对自然图像均具有良好的性能。

Sharing visual features for multiclass and multiview object detection

We consider the problem of detecting a large number of different classes of objects in cluttered scenes. Traditional approaches require applying a battery of different classifiers to the image, at multiple locations and scales. This can be slow and can require a lot of training data, since each classifier requires the computation of many different image features. In particular, for independently trained detectors, the (run-time) computational complexity, and the (training-time) sample complexity, scales linearly with the number of classes to be detected. It seems unlikely that such an approach will scale up to allow recognition of hundreds or thousands of objects. We present a multi-class boosting procedure (joint boosting) that reduces the computational and sample complexity, by finding common features that can be shared across the classes (and/or views). The detectors for each class are trained jointly, rather than independently. For a given performance level, the total number of features required, and therefore the computational cost, is observed to scale approximately logarithmically with the number of classes. The features selected jointly are closer to edges and generic features typical of many natural structures instead of finding specific object parts. Those generic features generalize better and reduce considerably the computational cost of an algorithm for multi-class object detection.