Use of Moringa oleífera Lamarck leaf extract as sugarcane juice clarifier: effects on clarifed juice and sugar

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract on the sedimentation of impurities in the treatment of sugarcane juice and the effects on sugar quality and on the clarified juice. The experimental design used was a 4x2 factorial arrangement with four replications. The main treatments performed included the extracted original sugarcane juice, the synthetic polyelectrolyte (Flomex 9076), the leaf extract, and a control. The secondary treatments consisted of the sugarcane varieties RB92579 and RB867515. The clarification process used was simple defecation, in which the flocculating agents and the juice, limed and heated, were poured simultaneously into a decanter. The microbiological and chemico-technological characteristics of the extracted and clarified juices were evaluated. The clarified juice was concentrated up to 60° Brix (syrup) and subjected to boiling in a pilot pan using seeds to perform the graining: The sugar was recovered by centrifugation and analyzed for microbiological and chemico-technological characteristics. It was concluded that the use of the Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves extract resulted in a better quality of clarified juice and sugar.

Avaliação físico-química e sensorial de fermentado de acerola

Fruit processing for beverage production purposes is a way of adding value to the raw material and of raising the farmer s income by increasing the demand. Thus the objective of this work was the production of fermented West Indian cherry beverages and their physicochemical and sensory evaluation. The beverages were produced based on the Brazilian legislation for fermented fruit beverages and wine. The fermented beverages were produced from West Indian cherry pulp (pulper) and juice (press) and sweetened with sugar to obtain three types of beverage: dry, semidry and sweet. The beverages were submitted to the following physicochemical analyses: pH, alcohol, reducing sugars, total reducing sugars, total acidity, volatile acidity, fixed acidity, dry extract, reduced dry extract, alcohol to reduced dry extract ratio, free sulphur dioxide, total sulphur dioxide and turbidity. In the sensory analysis, the beverages were assessed using a 9-point hedonic scale, evaluating the attributes of appearance, odour, flavour and overall assessment. The chemical and sensory results were submitted to an analysis of variance and the means compared using Tukey s test (5%). Both the raw materials (pulp and juice) and the different sugar concentrations (dry, semidry and sweet) interfered in the sensory and physicochemical parameters of the fermented West Indian cherry beverages, the tasters showing preference for the sweetened beverages.

Cassava and turmeric flour blends as new raw materials to extruded snacks

Short cooking time and ability to blend varieties of food ingredients have made extrusion cooking a medium for low-cost and nutritionally improved food products. The effect of moisture, extrusion temperature and amount of turmeric flour mixed with cassava flour on physical characteristic of puffed snacks was evaluated in this work. Extrusion process was carried out using a single-screw extruder in a factorial central composite design with four factors. Results showed effect of extrusion parameters on dependents variables. High expansion, low browning, low water solubility index, intermediate water absorption index and high crispness desirable characteristics to puffed snacks are obtained in conditions of 12% moisture, 5% turmeric flour, 105º C of temperature and 250 rpm of screw speed. These paper point to the potential still unexplored of the use of flours of cassava and turmeric as raw materials in the development of extruded puffed snacks.

Produção de etanol utilizando mix de sorgo sacarino e cana-de-açúcar em processo de maturação

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Aplicação de boro e maturadores na pré-colheita da cana-de-açúcar em início e final de safra

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Diurnal and nocturnal measurements of PAH, nitro-PAH, and oxy-PAH compounds in atmospheric particulate matter of a sugar cane burning region

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Espacialização do banco de sementes de plantas daninhas sob diferentes manejos de cana-de-açúcar em Rio Brilhante, Mato Grosso do Sul

The State of Mato Grosso do Sul is in full growth of this sector, thus the concern about harvesting systems are being studied, and these systems may influence the weed community interference of weeds in the cane sugar. The integrated management tool attached to geostatistics is to avoid productivity losses due to weed interference. The objective of this work was to study the spatial variability of the seed bank of weeds depending on the system for collecting cane sugar (raw and burning). The experiment was conducted in the area of commercial cultivation of the plant ETH Bioenergy S/A Eldorado Unity. Soil samples were taken with auger layer from 0.00 to 0.40 m depth in both cropping systems. The experimental plot was composed by a mesh consisting of 50 points georeferenced with irregular distances. Soil samples were taken to the greenhouse for germination. The number of weed species was analyzed using descriptive statistics and geostatistical techniques. The seeds of B. pilosa, dicots, bitter grass, nutsedge, dayflower monocots and spatial dependence of the seed bank in the collection system with burning of cane sugar. For the system of harvest only the raw sedge species present spatial dependence of distribution in the seed bank. In the harvest green cane enable the mapping of these species through the kriging maps produced, spot applications of herbicides in integrated management of Cyperus rotundus.

Sugar markers in aerosol particles from an agro-industrial region in Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Multivariate analysis of the temporal variability of sugarcane ripening in south-eastern Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Curcurnin abrogates LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Evidence for novel mechanisms involving SOCS-1,-3 and p38 MAPK

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Control of microorganisms of oral health interest with Arctium lappa L. (burdock) extract non-cytotoxic to cell culture of macrophages (RAW 264.7)

Objectives: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Arctium lappa L. extract on Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. In addition, the cytotoxicity of this extract was analyzed on macrophages (RAW 264.7).Design: By broth microdilution method, different concentrations of the extract (250-0.4 mg/mL) were used in order to determine the minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) in planktonic cultures and the most effective concentration was used on biofilms on discs made of acrylic resin. The cytotoxicity A. lappa L. extract MMC was evaluated on RAW 264.7 by MTT assay and the quantification of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha by ELISA.Results: The most effective concentration was 250 mg/mL and also promoted significant reduction (log(10)) in the biofilms of S. aureus (0.438 +/- 0.269), S. epiderrnidis (0.377 +/- 0.298), S. mutans (0.244 +/- 0.161) and C. albicans (0.746 +/- 0.209). Cell viability was similar to 100%. The production of IL-beta was similar to the control group (p > 0.05) and there was inhibition of TNF-alpha (p < 0.01).Conclusions: A. lappa L. extract was microbicidal for all the evaluated strains in planktonic cultures, microbiostatic for biofilms and not cytotoxic to the macrophages. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Thermodynamic and economic analysis of hydrogen production integration in the Brazilian sugar and alcohol industry

One of the biggest challenges today is to develop clean fuels, which do not emit pollutant and with viable implementation. One of the options currently under study is the hydrogen production process. In this context, this work aims to study the technical and economical aspects of the incorporation process of hydrogen producing by ethanol steam reforming in the sugar cane industry and MCFC (molten carbonate fuel cell) application on it to generate electric power. Therefore, it has been proposed a modification in the traditional process of sugar cane industry, in order to incorporate hydrogen production, besides the traditional products (sugar, ethylic, hydrated and anhydric alcohol). For this purpose, a detailed theoretical study of the ethanol production process, describing the considerations to incorporate the hydrogen production will be performed. After that, there will be a thermodynamic study for analysing the innovation of this production chain, as well as a study of economic engineering to allocate the costs of products of the new process, optimising it and considering the thermoeconomics as being as an analysis tool. This proposal aims to improve Brazil's position in the ranking of international biofuels, corroborating the nation to be a power in the hydrogen era. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Acidentes graves fatais no trabalho de corte mecanizado de cana-de-açucar: o olhar através do método mapa

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Qualidade da cana-de-açúcar avaliadas nas partes do colmo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Avaliação do herbicida saflufenacil no controle de Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O’Donell e Euphorbia heterophylla L. no sistema de cana crua

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA