Purification and characterization of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase from toad kidney

This report describes the partial purification and the characteristics of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase (ATP phosphohydrolase, EC 3.6.1.3) from an amphibian source. Toad kidney microsomes were solubilized with sodium deoxycholate and further purified by sodium dodecyl sulphate treatment and sucrose gradient centrifugation, according to the methods described by Lane et al. [(1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248, 7197--7200], Jørgensen [(1974) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 356, 36--52] and Hayashi et al. [(1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 482, 185--196]. (Na+ + K+)-ATPase preparations with specific activities up to 1000 mumol Pi/mg protein per h were obtained. Mg2+-ATPase only accounted for about 2% of the total ATPase activity. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed three major protein bands with molecular weights of 116 000, 62 000 and 26 000. The 116 000 dalton protein was phosphorylated by [gamma-32P]ATP in the presence of sodium but not in the presence of potassium. The 62 000 dalton component stained for glycoproteins. The Km for ATP was 0.40 mM, for Na+ 12.29 mM and for K+ 1.14 mM. The Ki for ouabain was 35 micron. Temperature activation curves showed two activity peaks at 37 degrees C and at 50 degrees C. The break in the Arrhenius plot of activity versus temperature appeared at 15 degrees C.

Genetic dissection of sodium and potassium transport along the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron: Importance in the control of blood pressure and hypertension.

In this review, we discuss genetic evidence supporting Guyton's hypothesis stating that blood pressure control is critically depending on fluid handling by the kidney. The review is focused on the genetic dissection of sodium and potassium transport in the distal nephron and the collecting duct that are the most important sites for the control of sodium and potassium balance by aldosterone and angiotensin II. Thanks to the study of Mendelian forms of hypertension and their corresponding transgenic mouse models, three main classes of diuretic receptors (furosemide, thiazide, amiloride) and the main components of the aldosterone- and angiotensin-dependent signaling pathways were molecularly identified over the past 20years. This will allow to design rational strategies for the treatment of hypertension and for the development of the next generation of diuretics.

Structural organization of alpha-subunit from purified and microsomal toad kidney (Na+ + K+)-ATPase as assessed by controlled trypsinolysis

The membrane organization of the alpha-subunit of purified (Na+ + K+)-ATPase ((Na+ + K+)-dependent adenosine triphosphate phosphorylase, EC 3.6.1.3) and of the microsomal enzyme of the kidney of the toad Bufo marinus was compared by using controlled trypsinolysis. With both enzyme preparations, digestions performed in the presence of Na+ yielded a 73 kDa fragment and in the presence of K+ a 56 kDa, a 40 kDa and small amounts of a 83 kDa fragment from the 96 kDa alpha-subunit. In contrast to mammalian preparations (Jørgensen, P.L. (1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 401, 399-415), trypsinolysis of the purified amphibian enzyme led to a biphasic loss of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in the presence of both Na+ and K+. These data could be correlated with an early rapid cleavage of 3 kDa from the alpha-subunit in both ionic conditions and a slower degradation of the remaining 93 kDa polypeptide. On the other hand, in the microsomal enzyme, a 3 kDa shift of the alpha-subunit could only be produced in the presence of Na+. Our data indicate that (1) purification of the amphibian enzyme with detergent does not influence the overall topology of the alpha-subunit but produces a distinct structural alteration of its N-terminus and (2) the amphibian kidney enzyme responds to cations with similar conformational transitions as the mammalian kidney enzyme. In addition, anti alpha-serum used on digested enzyme samples revealed on immunoblots that the 40 kDa fragment was better recognized than the 56 kDa fragment. It is concluded that the NH2-terminal of the alpha-subunit contains more antigenic sites than the COOH-terminal domain in agreement with the results of Farley et al. (Farley, R.A., Ochoa, G.T. and Kudrow, A. (1986) Am. J. Physiol. 250, C896-C906).

Sodium and potassium balance depends on αENaC expression in connecting tubule.

Mutations in α, β, or γ subunits of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) can downregulate ENaC activity and cause a severe salt-losing syndrome with hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis, designated pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 in humans. In contrast, mice with selective inactivation of αENaC in the collecting duct (CD) maintain sodium and potassium balance, suggesting that the late distal convoluted tubule (DCT2) and/or the connecting tubule (CNT) participates in sodium homeostasis. To investigate the relative importance of ENaC-mediated sodium absorption in the CNT, we used Cre-lox technology to generate mice lacking αENaC in the aquaporin 2-expressing CNT and CD. Western blot analysis of microdissected cortical CD (CCD) and CNT revealed absence of αENaC in the CCD and weak αENaC expression in the CNT. These mice exhibited a significantly higher urinary sodium excretion, a lower urine osmolality, and an increased urine volume compared with control mice. Furthermore, serum sodium was lower and potassium levels were higher in the genetically modified mice. With dietary sodium restriction, these mice experienced significant weight loss, increased urinary sodium excretion, and hyperkalemia. Plasma aldosterone levels were significantly elevated under both standard and sodium-restricted diets. In summary, αENaC expression within the CNT/CD is crucial for sodium and potassium homeostasis and causes signs and symptoms of pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 if missing.

Almanach des 40,000 adresses des fabricants de Paris et du département : contenant les noms et domiciles des principaux fabricants... / par A. Cambon

1873 (A18).

[Tracteur] Exelsior 35/40 HP [tractant une herse à] Rocquencourt, Versailles, 13/3/20 : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 58493

Annuaire des châteaux et des départements : 40.000 noms & adresses de l'aristocratie, du high life, de la colonie étrangère, du monde politique, de la magistrature, de l'armée, du clergé, des sciences, lettres et beaux-arts, de tous les propriétaires des châteaux de France, etc. etc., avec notices descriptives, anecdotiques & illustrations

1898 (A12)-1899.

Annuaire des châteaux et des départements : 40.000 noms & adresses de l'aristocratie, du high life, de la colonie étrangère, du monde politique, de la magistrature, de l'armée, du clergé, des sciences, lettres et beaux-arts, de tous les propriétaires des châteaux de France, etc. etc., avec notices descriptives, anecdotiques & illustrations

1900 (A14)-1901.

1.° Tractatus pacis inter Ludovicum IX. Regem Francorum, et Henricum III. Regem Angliae : anno 1259. — 2.° Tractatus pacis inter Philippum III. Regem Francorum, et Edwardum I. Regem Angliae : anno 1279. — 3.° Tractatus pacis inter eosdem Reges : anno 1286. — 4.° Quarta et ultima pax facta inter Reges : anno 1303. translata de romancio in latinum, de verbo ad verbum. — 5.° Alia concordantia, seu compositio vel pax inter Reges : anno 1303. — 6.° Pronunciatio Bonifacii, Papae, super pacibus : anno pontificatus quarto. — 7.° De remediis Aquitanorum adversùs vexationem curiae Regis Franciae. — 8.° Copia arresti contra Arnaldum de Romynhano, dati anno 1312. — 9.° Variae litterae Philippi Pulchri et Ludovici X. de rebus Anglicis. — 10.° Bulla Clementis, Papae V. approbans donationem Motae et domorum de Pessaco, factam ecclesiae Burdegalensi à nobili viro Gaillardo de Guto, germano suo, anno primo pontificatus. — 11.° Traitté de paix conclu entre les Rois Philippe et Edouard ; sans date. — 12.° Lettres de Charles IV. Roy de France et de Navarre, touchant les excès commis au lieu de Saint-Sacerdos par le Senechal de Gascogne : l'an 1324. — 13.° Traitté entre la France et l'Angleterre : en la même année. — 14.° Judicium latum apud Oleronem, anno 1287. per D. Norwicensem Episcopum, contra D. Joannem de Greilliaco, dudum Senescallum Vasconiae. — 15.° Tractatus matrimonii inter Alienoram filiam Edwardi Regis Angliae, et Alphonsum filium majorem Petri Regis Aragonum. — 16.° Litterae Petri, Regis Aragonum, de matrimonio filii sui Alphonsi cum Alienora, filia primogenita Regis Edwardi. — 17.° Joannis XXII. bulla contra Michaëlem de Cesena, Ministrum generalem ordinis Minorum : VIII. idus Junii, pontificatus anno XII. — 18.° Edwardi, Regis Anglorum, constitutiones variae ad Aquitaniam spectantes et ad Angliam. — 19.° Traitté de paix entre les Rois de France et d'Angleterre, fait en l'an 1325. — 20.° Litterae Agennensium ad Carolum IV. Regem Franciae, pro Rege Angliae, nominatim de facto Sancti-Sacerdotis, scriptae anno 1324. — 21.° Tractatus matrimonii inter Alphonsum, Regem Castellae et Legionis, et Alienoram, filiam Edwardi Regis Angliae ; item alius inter Edwardum, Regis Angliae primogenitum, et Alienoram sororem Regis Castellae : anno 1325. — 22.° Instructions données par le Roy d'Angleterre à ses Ambassadeurs allans en Espagne pour le fait dudit mariage. — 23.° Abusiones quae exercentur in regno Angliae circa beneficia ecclesiastica ; et remedia sine quibus nunquam cessare creduntur. — 24.° Clementis V. bulla de saecularisatione monasterii de sancto Aemiliano, in dioecesi Burdigalensi ; data anno pontificatus quinto. — 25.° Litterae Edwardi II. Regis Angliae, de servanda pace facta cum Carolo IV. Rege Franciae. — 26.° Ejusdem litterae quibus Edmundum, Comitem Cantiae, fratrem suum, constituit Capitaneum in Ducatu Aquitaniae. — 27.° Lettres de Charles IV. Roy de France, contre le Roy d'Angleterre, qui refusoit de luy faire les foy et hommage pour la Duché d'Aquitaine : de l'année 1324. — 28.° Litterae ejusdem Caroli IV. Regis Francorum, de eadem re ; quibus Carolo, Comiti Valesiae, patruo suo, dat potestatem puniendi rebelles Aquitaniae ; datae anno 1324. — 29.° Litterae ejusdem de salvagardia Guillelmi Galteri, Clerici, datae anno 1323. — 30.° Ejusdem litterae pro Margareta de Guouda, tutrice Pontii domini de Castellione, filii sui, datae anno 1323. — 31.° Ejusdem litterae pro Comitissa Fuxi et Vicecomitissa Bearni et Marciani, tutrice Gastonis filii sui ; datae anno 1322. — 32.° Litterae Antonini Pessaigne, Senescalli Ducatus Aquitaniae, quibus Ostencium Jordani, Clericum ac Jurisperitum, constituit suum et Regis Angliae Procuratorem ; datae anno 1318. — 33.° Litterae Almarici domini de Credonio, Senescalli Ducatus Aquitaniae, quibus Roberto de la Vertadausa, Anglico, decem libras Turonensium parvorum singulis annis solvendas concedit vice et nomine Regis Angliae ; datae anno 1322. — 34.° Divers actes entre les Rois de France et d'Angleterre, pour assurer la paix ; faits depuis l'an 1259. jusques en 1323. — 35.° Acta processus habiti in curia Romana inter capitulum ecclesiae Coventrensis et capitulum ecclesiae Lichefeldiensis de electione Episcopi, tempore Joannis XXII. — 36.° Traitté d'alliance et de confederation entre la France et l'Ecosse contre l'Angleterre ; fait en 1325. — 37.° Articuli exhibiti à Procuratore ecclesiae Lichfeldensis. — 38.° Articuli exhibiti à Procuratore ecclesiae Coventrensis. — 39.° Joannis XXII. bulla de unione Episcopatuum Corkagiensis et Clonensis, data Avenione anno pontificatus XI. — 40.° Acta processus apud eumdem Papam agitati super praebenda sancti Stephani in ecclesia Beverlacensi.

Colbertinus

Archives parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 ; 34-51. Assemblée nationale législative. Série 1 / Tome 40 / impr. par ordre du Sénat et de la Chambre des députés ; sous la dir. de M. J. Mavidal,... et de M. E. Laurent,... ; avec la collab. de MM. E. Tonnier et C. Pionnier

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 3.1

Recueil de poésies, par « HENRY BAULDE » (fol. 30, 32, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 43, 44, 46, 47, 56, 59, 60, 61, 65, 68, 69, 70, 73, 74), « ALAIN CHARRETIER » (fol. 15), « JEHAN DAUTON » (fol. 9), « JEHAN MAROT » (fol. 29, 30), « JEHAN MOLINET » (fol. 77, 85, 90, 93, 94, 95) et « JEHAN ROBERTET » (fol. 1, 75).

Commençant par : « Estant couché soubz ung myrthe plaisant, Et maintz chasteaulx en Espaigne faisant... » et finissant par : « Sans parage ou riens n'est nect, Moulu d'un groz Moulinet. Fin de la complaincte de Grece, composée par le dict Molinet » .

Homélies de S. GRÉGOIRE le Grand sur les Évangiles, traduction française (40 homélies).

Contient : Sermon anonyme : « Vous, mes frères, qui estes en ceste vie, faittes tellement que au departir, quand vostre char commencera à estre devourée... » ; « Avisemens et enseignemens sur le fait du gouvernement cotidian et sur les choses qui aviennent chascun jour,... faiz pour simples personnes, non clercs,... en langage commun, sans hault stille... » (12 chapitres)