Cambios en los niveles de hormonas sexuales en el varón que envejece y su relación con el Síndrome Adam

En los últimos años está tomando un importante protagonismo el síndrome de ADAM (“Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males”), consecuencia del aumento de la expectativa de vida en los varones. Con la realización de este estudio pretendemos establecer la prevalencia de este síndrome en la población y establecer una relación entre los niveles androgénicos y el diagnóstico del síndrome de ADAM. Para ello escogeremos la muestra de la población de varones entre cincuenta y ochenta años del departamento 4 de Salud de la CCVV. La obtención de los datos se realizará mediante la realización de test clínicos fundamentalmente el cuestionario de ADAM.

Estudi del sistema reptroductor de la guatlla (Coturnix coturnix) i de la hibridació amb la guatlla japonesa (Coturnix japonica) domèstica i híbrids

La guatlla (Coturnix coturnix) és actualment una espècie amb un estat de conservació desfavorable. Una amenaça per a la seva conservació és la hibridació que pot produir-se degut als alliberaments massius amb finalitats cinegètiques de la guatlla japonesa (Coturnix japonica) o híbrids provinents de granges de cria. Els objectius d’estudi són: a) Aprofundir en el sistema sexual de la guatlla, ja que el seu coneixement pot permetre entendre els mecanismes d’hibridació amb la guatlla japonesa o híbrids. b) Conèixer la taxa de supervivència i l’eficàcia biològica dels individus no nadius a àrees de reproducció de la guatlla. c) Buscar evidències directes d’hibridació en condicions naturals i caracteritzar-la. d) Determinar si existeix competència espermàtica interespecífica mitjançant experiments en captivitat. S’ha seguit el comportament en condicions naturals de parelles homospecífiques i heterospecífiques de mascles i femelles de guatlla i de guatlla japonesa o híbrids. S’ha analitzat la paternitat dels polls d’aquestes parelles i s’ha pogut conèixer quins aspectes del comportament (segons l’espècie) es relacionen amb l’eficàcia biològica dels adults. S’han analitzat el mateix tipus de dades obtingudes durant cinc temporades reproductives, en les que hi van participar només individus de guatlla. Així s’ha pogut comparar el comportament de l’espècie en presència i absència dels individus al•lòctons. Els resultats indiquen que existeixen dues estratègies sexuals entre els mascles de guatlla. L’estat físic del mascle en relació al dels altres mascles coetanis i el temps de permanència amb la femella determinen la seva taxa de paternitat. Existeix una fracció relativament petita però significativa de guatlla japonesa de granja que sobreviu en condicions naturals i s’hibrida amb la guatlla silvestre, predominantment de forma unidireccional, entre femella japonesa i mascle de guatlla. Aquestes femelles presenten un sistema d’aparellament majoritàriament monògam. Els anàlisis sobre els experiments de competència espermàtica s’estan realitzant a l’actualitat.

Low frequency of human papillomavirus detection in prostate tissue from individuals from Northern Brazil

The presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) was evaluated in 65 samples of prostate tumours and six samples of prostates with benign prostatic hyperplasia from individuals from Northern Brazil. We used a highly sensitive test, the Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test, to detect 37 high and low-risk HPV types. In this study, only 3% of tumour samples showed HPV infection. Our findings support the conclusion that, despite the high incidence of HPV infection in the geographic regions studied, HPV was not associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the frequency of HPV detection in prostatic tissue of individuals from Brazil.

Morbidity of Chagas heart disease in the microregion of Rio Negro, Amazonian Brazil: a case-control study

A case-control study on the morbidity of Chagas heart disease was carried out in the municipality of Barcelos in the microregion of the Rio Negro, state of Amazonas. One hundred and six individuals, who were serologically positive for Trypanosoma cruzi infection, as confirmed by at least two techniques with different principles, were matched according to age and sex with an equal number of seronegative individuals. The cases and controls were evaluated using an epidemiological questionnaire and clinical, electrocardiograph and echocardiograph examinations. In the seroepidemiological evaluation, 62% of the interviewees recognised triatomines and most of them confirmed that they had seen these insects in the piassava plantations of the riverside communities of the Negro River tributaries. Of the seropositive patients, 25.8% affirmed that they had been stung by the triatomines and 11.7% denied having been stung. The principal clinical manifestations of the seropositive individuals were palpitations, chest pain and dyspnoea upon effort. Cardiac auscultation revealed extrasystoles, bradycardia and systolic murmurs. The electrocardiographic alterations were ventricular extrasystoles, left and right bundle branch block, atrioventricular block and primary T wave alterations. The echocardiogram was altered in 22.6% of the seropositive individuals and in 8.5% of the seronegative individuals.

Poble de Dalt i poble de Baix

Estudi antropològic sobre la pervivència d'elements culturals a La Vall d'Uixó (Castelló) derivats de l'existència de dos nuclis urbans que han configurat el poble.

Using petri nets to specify and execute missions for autonomous underwater vehicles

This paper presents the design and implementation of a mission control system (MCS) for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) based on Petri nets. In the proposed approach the Petri nets are used to specify as well as to execute the desired autonomous vehicle mission. The mission is easily described using an imperative programming language called mission control language (MCL) that formally describes the mission execution thread. A mission control language compiler (MCL-C) able to automatically translate the MCL into a Petri net is described and a real-time Petri net player that allows to execute the resulting Petri net onboard an AUV are also presented

Do the Wealthy Risk More Money? An Experimental Comparison

Are poor people more or less likely to take money risks than wealthy folks? We find that risk attraction is more prevalent among the wealthy when the amounts of money at risk are small (not surprising, since ten dollars is a smaller amount for a wealthy person than for a poor one), but, interestingly, for the larger amounts of money at risk the fraction of the nonwealthy displaying risk attraction exceeds that of the wealthy. We also replicate our previous finding that many people display risk attraction for small money amounts, but risk aversion for large ones. We argue that preferences yielding risk attraction for small money amounts, together with risk aversion for larger amounts, at all levels of wealth, while contradicting the expected utility hypothesis, may be well-defined, independently of reference points, on the choice space.

Credit constraints in general equilibrium: Experimental results

Our work attempts to investigate the influence of credit tightness orexpansion on activity and relative prices in a multimarket set-up. We report on somedouble- auction, two-market experiments where subjects had to satisfy an inequalityinvolving the use of credit. The experiments display two regimes, characterizedby high and low credit availability. The critical value of credit at the commonboundary of the two regimes has a compelling interpretation as the maximal credituse at the Arrow-Debreu equilibrium of the abstract economy naturally associatedto our experimental environment. Our main results are that changes in theavailability of credit: (a): have minor and unsystematic effects on quantitiesand relative prices in the high-credit regime, (b): have substantial effects, bothon quantities and relative prices, in the low-credit regime.

Morfologia externa dos estágios imaturos de heliconíneos neotropicais: VI. Dione moneta moneta Hübner (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae)

As estruturas externas do ovo, larva e pupa de Dione moneta moneta Hübner, 1825 são descritas e ilustradas, baseadas em microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura.

Morfologia externa dos estágios imaturos de heliconíneos neotropicais: VII. Dryadula phaetusa (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae)

As estruturas externas do ovo, larva e pupa de Dryadula phaetusa (Linnaeus, 1758) são descritas e ilustradas, baseadas em microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura.

The gain-loss asymmetry and single-self preferences

Kahneman and Tversky asserted a fundamental asymmetry between gains and losses, namely a reflection effect which occurs when an individual prefers a sure gain of $ pz to anuncertain gain of $ z with probability p, while preferring an uncertain loss of $z with probability p to a certain loss of $ pz.We focus on this class of choices (actuarially fair), and explore the extent to which thereflection effect, understood as occurring at a range of wealth levels, is compatible with single-self preferences.We decompose the reflection effect into two components, a probability switch effect,which is compatible with single-self preferences, and a translation effect, which is not. To argue the first point, we analyze two classes of single-self, nonexpected utility preferences, which we label homothetic and weakly homothetic. In both cases, we characterize the switch effect as well as the dependence of risk attitudes on wealth.We also discuss two types of utility functions of a form reminiscent of expected utility but with distorted probabilities. Type I always distorts the probability of the worst outcome downwards, yielding attraction to small risks for all probabilities. Type II distorts low probabilities upwards, and high probabilities downwards, implying risk aversion when the probability of the worst outcome is low. By combining homothetic or weak homothetic preferences with Type I or Type II distortion functions, we present four explicit examples: All four display a switch effect and, hence, a form of reflection effect consistent a single self preferences.

Relatório - Detecção de Tuta Absoluta (Myerick, 1917) em Cabo Verde

Tuta absoluta é praga minadora de folhas desenvolve-se principalmente no tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum) e não só mas também em outras espécies de Solanáceas tais como batata comum (Solanum tuberosum), beringela (Solanum melongina), Pimentos (Capsicum sp.) e no tomate silvestre (Lycopersicon hirsutum), (Solanum dulcamara), (Solanum nigrum), (Solanum elaeagnifolium), (Datura stramonium), (Datura ferox) e (Nicotiana glauca). No entretanto, esta praga ataca espécies de tomate em grande escala a nível dos trópicos, Sub-trópicos e regiões temperadas causando prejuízos económicos consideráveis (USDA, 2011). Esta praga encontra-se presente na América do Sul, (Chili, Bolívia, Brasil, Colômbia, Equador, Uruguai, Perú, Venezuela, Argentina). No continente Africano ela encontra-se na Africa Ocidental e Central designadamente no Benim, Camarões Cabo-Verde, Costa do Marfim, Congo Brazzaville, Gambia, Gabão, Ghana, Guiné-Conakry, Guiné- Bissau, Mali, Mauritânia, Niger, Nigéria, República Democrático do Congo, Serra Leoa, Senegal, Tchad e Togo. Pela primeira vez T. absoluta foi assinalada na Europa em 2006, e em Espanha na comunidade Valenciana em 2007 (Vieira, 2008). O cultivo de tomate em Cabo Verde tem aumentado nos últimos anos. Atualmente tomate é o legume mais cultivado em Cabo Verde. A sua quota parte na produção hortícola que não ultrapassavam os 1.000 t há uns anos, atinge atualmente 4200 t, o que representa 23% da produção total dos legumes. Apesar de alguns constrangimentos, nomeadamente problemas de ordem fitossanitária e escassez de água de rega a disponibilidade e a utilização generalizada das variedades locais, permitiram um escalonamento da produção durante o na, compreendendo o período quente e húmido. Um outro fator que contribui para o aumento substancial da produção, é a salinização de água de rega, em várias zonas do regadio. Os agricultores destas zonas viram nesta cultura a única saída para obterem algum rendimento (MAP/ CPDA/INIDA/ FAO GCP/CV/036/NET s/data). Em Cabo Verde a área média de um campo de produção de tomate é de 750 m2 sendo máxima de 1.400 m2. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecimento instantâneo de presença ou ausência da nova praga Tuta absoluta no país que foi recentemente encontrada na Sub-região Saariana na Costa Ocidental e Central de África.