Fritz Gottschalk's family in front of the hotel Kurhaus Brunig, Norderney; Germany.

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The Gottschalk family on the beach; Norderney, Germany.

(l-r) Elizabeth, Hans Ludwing (Hal), the maid, Ursula, Walter, Freddy, Therese (in Strandkorg) and Kurt standing

Fritz Gottschalk family with other children on the beach; Norderney, Germany.

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Family portrait of (back l-r) Frieda Arens, Fritz Unger, Gustav Arens, Grete Glasner, (front l-r) Lise Arens, Gitta Unger and Ernst Glasner.

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Flora Lotte "Lola" Reiss walking in the street with her father Moritz; Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) Portraits Family

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Flora Lotte "Lola" Reiss walking in the street with her non-Jewish boyfriend Walter; Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) Portraits Family

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Reiss family on skiing trip; Arosa Portraits Family

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Reiss family portrait on the occasion of the wedding of Harry Gould to Eva Fantl; Royal Connaught Hotel, Hamilton, Ontario.

Standing l-r: George? son of Max Reiss?, Max Reiss, Harry Gould, Moritz Reiss, Joe Reiss, and Herbert Reiss; Seated l-r: Trude Reiss (wife of Herbert), Else Reiss (mother of Joe), Lily Friedlander Gould, Eva Fantl Gould, Trude Reiss (wife of Joe), and Marta Reiss (wife of Max)

Kohnberger family portrait.

From left to right, back row: Ernst Schueller, Hermine Schueller, Laura Stiassny, Sigmund Stiassny, Martha Pollak, Johanna Mislap and Jacob Hermann; front row: Melanie Herrmann (or Irene Tiring), Conrad Tiring, Emilie Kohnberger and Solomon Kohnberger

Family portrait with Alfred Lichtenstein, his first wife Gerda, unidentified others (maman, tante, oncle, soeur).

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Exterior view of the Boehm family hat factory; Novy Jicin, Czech Republic Businesses

Tovarna na Klobouky Fv. Boehm

Reproduction of photograph of Kaufman and Rosenberg family portrait on the occasion of the wedding of Ludwig Rosenberg and Paula Rosenberg nee Joseph (left); Hamburg.

Includes Ludwig Rosenberg and Paula Rosenberg nee Joseph (left), Thekla (Tekie) Joseph (standing center), Karl Kaufman and Else Kaufman (right)

G-protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) variant in causation of essential hypertension

-Essential hypertensives display enhanced signal transduction through pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins. The T allele of a C825T variant in exon 10 of the G protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) induces formation of a splice variant (Gbeta3-s) with enhanced activity. The T allele of GNB3 was shown recently to be associated with hypertension in unselected German patients (frequency=0.31 versus 0.25 in control). To confirm and extend this finding in a different setting, we performed an association study in Australian white hypertensives. This involved an extensively examined cohort of 110 hypertensives, each of whom were the offspring of 2 hypertensive parents, and 189 normotensives whose parents were both normotensive beyond age 50 years. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and digestion with BseDI, which either cut (C allele) or did not cut (T allele) the 268-bp polymerase chain reaction product. T allele frequency in the hypertensive group was 0.43 compared with 0.25 in the normotensive group (chi2=22; P=0.00002; odds ratio=2.3; 95% CI=1.7 to 3.3). The T allele tracked with higher pretreatment blood pressure: diastolic=105+/-7, 109+/-16, and 128+/-28 mm Hg (mean+/-SD) for CC, CT, and TT, respectively (P=0.001 by 1-way ANOVA). Blood pressures were higher in female hypertensives with a T allele (P=0.006 for systolic and 0.0003 for diastolic by ANOVA) than they were in male hypertensives. In conclusion, the present study of a group with strong family history supports a role for a genetically determined, physiologically active splice variant of the G protein beta3 subunit gene in the causation of essential hypertension.

Herz? family studio portrait.

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