High accuracy mobile robot positioning using an external large volume metrology instrument

A method of accurately controlling the position of a mobile robot using an external Large Volume Metrology (LVM) instrument is presented in this paper. Utilizing a LVM instrument such as the laser tracker in mobile robot navigation, many of the most difficult problems in mobile robot navigation can be simplified or avoided. Using the real- Time position information from the laser tracker, a very simple navigation algorithm, and a low cost robot, 5mm repeatability was achieved over a volume of 30m radius. A surface digitization scan of a wind turbine blade section was also demonstrated, illustrating possible applications of the method for manufacturing processes. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010.

Computational models for improved diagnosis and prognosis of stroke using robot-based biomarkers

Stroke is a leading cause of death and permanent disability worldwide, affecting millions of individuals. Traditional clinical scores for assessment of stroke-related impairments are inherently subjective and limited by inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, as well as floor and ceiling effects. In contrast, robotic technologies provide objective, highly repeatable tools for quantification of neurological impairments following stroke. KINARM is an exoskeleton robotic device that provides objective, reliable tools for assessment of sensorimotor, proprioceptive and cognitive brain function by means of a battery of behavioral tasks. As such, KINARM is particularly useful for assessment of neurological impairments following stroke. This thesis introduces a computational framework for assessment of neurological impairments using the data provided by KINARM. This is done by achieving two main objectives. First, to investigate how robotic measurements can be used to estimate current and future abilities to perform daily activities for subjects with stroke. We are able to predict clinical scores related to activities of daily living at present and future time points using a set of robotic biomarkers. The findings of this analysis provide a proof of principle that robotic evaluation can be an effective tool for clinical decision support and target-based rehabilitation therapy. The second main objective of this thesis is to address the emerging problem of long assessment time, which can potentially lead to fatigue when assessing subjects with stroke. To address this issue, we examine two time reduction strategies. The first strategy focuses on task selection, whereby KINARM tasks are arranged in a hierarchical structure so that an earlier task in the assessment procedure can be used to decide whether or not subsequent tasks should be performed. The second strategy focuses on time reduction on the longest two individual KINARM tasks. Both reduction strategies are shown to provide significant time savings, ranging from 30% to 90% using task selection and 50% using individual task reductions, thereby establishing a framework for reduction of assessment time on a broader set of KINARM tasks. All in all, findings of this thesis establish an improved platform for diagnosis and prognosis of stroke using robot-based biomarkers.

Pose estimation of a humanoid robot using images from a mobile external camera

NOGUEIRA, Marcelo B. ; MEDEIROS, Adelardo A. D. ; ALSINA, Pablo J. Pose Estimation of a Humanoid Robot Using Images from an Mobile Extern Camera. In: IFAC WORKSHOP ON MULTIVEHICLE SYSTEMS, 2006, Salvador, BA. Anais... Salvador: MVS 2006, 2006.

Multimodal attention system for an interactive robot

[EN]Social robots are receiving much interest in the robotics community. The most important goal for such robots lies in their interaction capabilities. An attention system is crucial, both as a filter to center the robot’s perceptual resources and as a mean of letting the observer know that the robot has intentionality. In this paper a simple but flexible and functional attentional model is described. The model, which has been implemented in an interactive robot currently under development, fuses both visual and auditive information extracted from the robot’s environment, and can incorporate knowledge-based influences on attention.

CASIMIRO: a robot head for human-computer interaction

The physical appearance and behavior of a robot is an important asset in terms of Human-Computer Interaction. Multimodality is also fundamental, as we humans usually expect to interact in a natural way with voice, gestures, etc. People approach complex interaction devices with stances similar to those used in their interaction with other people. In this paper we describe a robot head, currently under development, that aims to be a multimodal (vision, voice, gestures,...) perceptual user interface.

Integrating an entertainment robot

[EN]In this paper we will present Eldi, a mobile robot that has been in opertation at the Elder Museum of Science and Technology at Las Palmas de Gran Canaria since december 1999. This is an ongoing project that was organized in three different stages of which only the first one has been accomplished. The initial phase, termed "The Player", the second stage, actually under develpment, has been called "The Cicerone" and in the final phase, termed "The Vagabond", in which Eldi will be allowed to move erratically across the Museum. This paper will focus on the accomplished first stage to succinctly describe the physical robot and the environment and demos developed. Finally we will summarize some important lessons learnt.

Eldi: an agent based museum robot

[EN]In this paper we will present Eldi, a mobile robot that has been in daily operation at the Elder Museum of Science and Technology at Las Palmas de Gran Canaria since December 1999. This is an ongoing project that was organized in three di erent stages, describing here the one that has been accomplished. The initial phase, termed \The Player", the second stage, actually under development, has been called "The Cicerone" and in a nal phase, termed \The Vagabond", Eldi will be allowed to move erratically across the Museum. This paper will focus on the accomplished rst stage to succinctly describe the physical robot and the environment and demos developed. Finally we will summarize some important lessons learnt.

Experiences with a museum robot

In this paper we will present Eldi, a mobile robot that has been in daily operation at the Elder Museum of S ien e and Te hnology at Las Palmas de Gran Canaria sin e last De ember. This is an ongoing pro je t that was organized in three di erent stages of whi h only the rst one has been a omplished. The initial phase, termed \The Player", the se ond stage, a tually under development, has been alled "The Ci erone" and in a nal phase, termed \The Vagabond", Eldi will be allowed to move errati ally a ross the Museum...

Localization of a mobile robot based on odometry and natural landmarks using extended kalman filter

SANTANA, André M.; SOUZA, Anderson A. S.; BRITTO, Ricardo S.; ALSINA, Pablo J.; MEDEIROS, Adelardo A. D. Localization of a mobile robot based on odometry and natural landmarks using extended Kalman Filter. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATICS IN CONTROL, AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS, 5., 2008, Funchal, Portugal. Proceedings... Funchal, Portugal: ICINCO, 2008.

Fast and accurate hand pose detection for human-robot interaction

[EN]Enabling natural human-robot interaction using computer vision based applications requires fast and accurate hand detection. However, previous works in this field assume different constraints, like a limitation in the number of detected gestures, because hands are highly complex objects difficult to locate. This paper presents an approach which integrates temporal coherence cues and hand detection based on wrists using a cascade classifier. With this approach, we introduce three main contributions: (1) a transparent initialization mechanism without user participation for segmenting hands independently of their gesture, (2) a larger number of detected gestures as well as a faster training phase than previous cascade classifier based methods and (3) near real-time performance for hand pose detection in video streams.

Diseño, construcción y control de un robot balancín.

Se diseñó, construyó, simuló e implementó un dispositivo robot balancín para la aplicación y estudio de técnicas avanzadas de control. Para esto se realizó el diseño mecánico del dispositivo, de acuerdo a una elección entre dos modelos distintos y cuatro tipos diferentes de transmisión. Luego se instrumentó el dispositivo con encoders de posición , acelerómetro y giróscopo para obtener el estado del dispositivo y controlarlo. Se realizó una placa electrónica para la lectura y procesamiento de señales de sensores con un micro controlador, un regulador de tensión, y un driver para los motores, capaz de obtener las señales de los encoders y el módulo acelerómetro-giróscopo y enviarlas por comunicación hacia una mini-computadora, la cual ejecuta el control, y se comunica nuevamente a la placa diseñada para comandar los motores. Se desarrolló un modelo teórico simplificado en dos dimensiones para facilitar la posterior identificación de planta. Se realizaron experimentos para lograr una identificación de planta. A partir de lo obtenido, se diseñó y simuló el control necesario para mantener la estabilidad. Se implementó posteriormente el control diseñado. Se reajustaron los parámetros correspondientes de acuerdo a la práctica experimental para mejorar la respuesta dinámica del sistema.

Sistema di guida robot per operazioni di pick and place

Uno dei fattori che ha favorito la diffusione della robotica è legato alla nascita, allo sviluppo e al perfezionamento dei sistemi di guida robot. Per guida robot si intende un sistema di visione artificiale capace di guidare un robot durante lo svolgimento di un determinato compito. All'interno di questo elaborato di tesi, verrà illustrato in dettaglio un sistema di guida robot realizzato per una operazione di pick and place 2D multistrato. Sebbene la procedura proposta sia stata sviluppata per risolvere un problema specifico, la sua validità è del tutto generale e può essere estesa anche ad altre applicazioni appartenenti alla stessa categoria.