773 resultados para Superação


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As pesquisas participativas, que têm perspectivas sócio-históricas e,portanto, de superação da tradição empirista da pesquisa científica, vêm seconsolidando como metodologia em educação ambiental exigindoreflexões e avaliações. Este artigo apresenta as análises de dezenoveprojetos de iniciação científica com a pesquisa-ação-participativa emeducação ambiental orientados pela autora. As categorias de análiseapresentadas são: a mediação do educador no processo grupal; os temasambientais como geradores de um processo educativo; a participação; e,por último, as possibilidades e limites da pesquisa-ação-participativa emeducação ambiental com crianças. As análises têm como objetivocontribuir para a consolidação da pesquisa-ação-participativa em educaçãoambiental como forma metodológica de produzir conhecimentospedagógicos e, ao mesmo tempo, proporcionar oportunidades para que,na formação inicial dos educadores ambientais, a universidade realize umarelação intensa e competente com a comunidade, respondendo às suasnecessidades de formação humana.

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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

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O autor discute neste livro até que ponto o ethos profissional do assistente social - ou seja, a dimensão moral e ética da atividade, e também o seu estar no mundo do ponto de vista social e cultural - conseguiu superar o conservadorismo que marcou durante décadas o projeto ético-político da categoria. De acordo com o pesquisador, os três primeiros Códigos de Ética do Assistente Social - escritos ao longo do século 20 - acabariam por levar a categoria a uma falsa consciência do seu papel social, devido aos fundamentos enraizadamente conservadores dos textos. O quadro não seria modificado com a adoção do quarto Código de Ética, de 1986, que expressava um pensamento marxista, mas de cunho fortemente mecanicista. No entanto, segundo ele, o próprio percurso sócio-histórico dos assistentes sociais na década de 1980 romperia com o conservadorismo, por meio do pensamento do marxista Antonio Gramsci. Na década seguinte um novo Código de Ética, que ainda está em vigor, juntamente com a regulamentação da profissão e com novas diretrizes curriculares, garantiria o predomínio deste projeto ético-político que afastava de vez a falsidade de consciência. A hegemonia desse projeto, conquistado democraticamente pelos assistentes sociais, já estaria a exigir, contudo, maior vigilância contra o retorno das ideias conservadoras, que estariam se reinfiltrando tanto pelos pensamentos retrógrados já de muito conhecidos pela categoria, quanto pelas teses marxistas de cunho mecanicista. A superação do conservadorismo, portanto, não deveria ser considerada totalmente consolidada pelos assistentes sociais.

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The relationship between affective-emotional problems and school learning is present in areas of Psychology and Education. In the present study, of theoretical and bibliographic characteristics, we investigated elements that might confirm the thesis of the historicity of cognitive and affective processes, giving to these processes a social and symbolic connotation . Through the Historic-Cultural Psychology we approached the subject-object relationship and affective-cognitive unit proposing to overcome the subjectivist and organicist thinking. The study suggested the importance for us to (re) think the relationships that the subject establishes with the environment, the role of knowledge and practical conditions of life and education. Besides, it highlighted the activity as a main category in the constitution of needs and motives, as well in the formation of desires and the objectification of them. In this way, it enhances the learning and promotes the development, considering that the formation of subjectivity in each subject is the effect of an educative process that shall be object of study of both Psychology and Education.

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The model used in Brazilian schools, based on both traditional and progressive education, transmits information without worrying to show the real meaning of things, and without taking into consideration the previous knowledge of the pupil. How to work with the contents of human knowledge in a meaningful way? One alternative way is the Methodology of Dialectical Mediation (MDM), which consists in four steps or pedagogical moments, rescuing, problem posing, systematizing and producing. This theoretical option considers the educational work as a relationship involving teaching, learning and contents, which are taken as independent moments tightly connected to the ongoing work, instead of isolated elements or static terms. The aim of the present work is to clarify the Methodology of Dialectical Mediation and develop a class proposal according to the MDM approach to the problem of the free falling bodies (gravity, material means and shape). To evaluate the methodology, questionnaires were applied after experiments, with the involvement of students at each predominant moment. The results suggested that the MMD, combined with experimental activity, is a tool that enhances the overcoming of immediate knowledge, allowing students to reach a better understanding of the scientific knowledge.

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This paper is the result of discussions held during the initial research on ways of reading and reading activities, to obtain the title of the Ph.D. graduate program in Education at UNESP - Marilia. The paper seeks to rethink the practice followed the reality historically constructed as reference, creating a dialectic movement, and a constant construction, and the overcoming of it. In this perspective, we approach possible practices that can enhance the student's prior knowledge, and from it, to propose ways of action that lead to the development of the subject through the processes of teaching and learning of reading in school. From the study of actions that are agreed as reading practices, the study proposes to work with the Reading Strategies to promote the development of the individual. Among the different results that have been announced in the research, we highlight the need for conscious mediation of the teacher in the act of teaching reading and conscious participation of the student in the process. Partial results give evidence to confirm the hypothesis that: intentional actions are driving the learning of children in activity in the classroom, considering their experiences and choices of the teacher as mediator in the process. Students in third grade of elementary school are the subjects of research, theory and practice. The researcher is the mediator and proposer of the actions based on microgenetic research.

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The objective of this essay is to make a connection between E. P. Thompson and Georg Lukács seeking rescue the ontological foundations of the concept of “experience”, as used by Thompson. At first, we present the category of experience in Thompson and then, category of work and the ontology of social being, according to Lukács. Approximate the concrete historical analysis developed by E. P. Thompson of reason dialectical-materialist presupposed in the ontology of social being of Georg Lukács is a contribution to overcoming the poverty of reason, just so you can achieve the necessary dialectical understanding of the category of experience that while social praxis is modeled the work category.