E. T. A. Hoffmann e Jacques Callot: a ficção da imagem

Hoffmann wrote several fairy tales, including "Princess Brambilla" (1821), which has an remarkable pictorial component: when it was published, the text went along with eight illustrations by Carl Friedrich Thiele, which were derived from original prints made by the Frenchman Jacques Callot. While Callot images portray the Italian theater of the Commedia dell'Arte, Thiele's works follow the plot of the narrative, representing the characters of Hoffmann, who disguise themselves because of the carnival that is taking place in Rome. The costumes and masks worn by the characters however do not ensure them full secrecy. Instead of a complete undercover, they lead to double meanings and double identities so that narrative levels and artistic references overlap and create an effect similar to a set of a polyphonic orchestra (which is a metaphor implied in the very subtitle, where the narrative is called a Capriccio).

Cultura, arte e sociedade: reflexões a partir da linguagem corporal da capoeira angola e suas linhas desenhadas no espaço

Dance-fight-game, art, religiosity, therapy, entertainment, ritual act, in short, "a way of being", are some of the various definitions/qualities attributed to the afro-brazilian cultural manifestation called "Capoeira Angola". Multivocal polysemic in its essence, Capoeira Angola is expressed in different languages which ranges from the types of touches of the musical instruments that make up the orchestra, through different types of songs, until we get the non-verbal communication established by the bodies of "capoeiristas" in the game and/or in the training body situation. The aim of this paper is to think of the line drawing in space, a significant problem in the execution of body movements of this practice. To address the relationship between line, efficiency and aesthetics of body movements, it is developed an ethnography in the Academy of João Pequeno de Pastinha-Sports Center of Capoeira Angola, based on anthropological interpretative approach, in which the concept of culture is semiotic.

Directed Test Suite Augmentation

As software evolves, engineers use regression testing to evaluate its fitness for release. Such testing typically begins with existing test cases, and many techniques have been proposed for reusing these cost-effectively. After reusing test cases, however, it is also important to consider code or behavior that has not been exercised by existing test cases and generate new test cases to validate these. This process is known as test suite augmentation. In this paper we present a directed test suite augmentation technique, that utilizes results from reuse of existing test cases together with an incremental concolic testing algorithm to augment test suites so that they are coverage-adequate for a modified program. We present results of an empirical study examining the effectiveness of our approach.

A Controlled Experiment Assessing Test Case Prioritization Techniques via Mutation Faults

Regression testing is an important part of software maintenance, but it can also be very expensive. To reduce this expense, software testers may prioritize their test cases so that those that are more important are run earlier in the regression testing process. Previous work has shown that prioritization can improve a test suite’s rate of fault detection, but the assessment of prioritization techniques has been limited to hand-seeded faults, primarily due to the belief that such faults are more realistic than automatically generated (mutation) faults. A recent empirical study, however, suggests that mutation faults can be representative of real faults. We have therefore designed and performed a controlled experiment to assess the ability of prioritization techniques to improve the rate of fault detection techniques, measured relative to mutation faults. Our results show that prioritization can be effective relative to the faults considered, and they expose ways in which that effectiveness can vary with characteristics of faults and test suites. We also compare our results to those collected earlier with respect to the relationship between hand-seeded faults and mutation faults, and the implications this has for researchers performing empirical studies of prioritization.

The Critical Reception of Beethoven’s Compositions by His German Contemporaries, volume 2

The volumes in The Critical Reception of Beethoven's Compositions by His German Contemporaries bring to light contemporary perceptions of Beethoven's music, including matters such as audience, setting, facilities, orchestra, instruments, and performers as well as the relationship of Beethoven's music to theoretical and critical ideas of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. These documents, most of which appear in English for the first time, have been compiled from German-language periodicals published between 1783 and 1830. They present a wide spectrum of insights into the perceptions that Beethoven's contemporaries had of his monumental music. This is the second in a projected four-volume series. It begins with Opus 55, the Eroica, and ends with Opus 72, Fidelio.

THE FLUTE MUSIC OF PAUL DESENNE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY OF REPRESENTATIVE WORKS

The significance of the works by Venezuelan-born composer Paul Desenne lies in his unique compositional style that incorporates elements of Latin American folk, pop, and traditional music within the framework of the Western European tradition. His works, though easily classified as art music, nevertheless gain much of their emotional and referential meaning through this rich borrowing. This document focuses on three of Desenne’s flute pieces: the Solo Flute Sonata (2001), Gurrufío for flute orchestra (1997), and Guasa Macabra for flute and clarinet (2003). It provides an analysis of the three works, examining formal, structural, motivic, and rhythmic aspects. Scores and interviews with the composer have been employed as primary sources. Bibliographical material closely related to his music and other secondary sources support this analytical approach. This document also provides an introduction and stylistic discussion of Desenne’s other pieces that incorporate the flute. Chapter one consists of an introduction to Desenne’s life and general considerations of his musical style. Each of the following three chapters focuses on one the three aforementioned flute works, including information about the composition and premiere of each piece as well as analysis and an examination of its incorporation of traditional folk elements. The final chapter presents an introduction to and stylistic discussion of the other flute pieces by this composer. This study intends to provide a basic understanding of Desenne’s flute music, including general characteristics of his musical style, paving the way for further investigation of Desenne’s music, and flute music in particular.

Music at the Fair! The Trans- Mississippi and International Exposition. An Interactive Website

“Music at the Fair!” gives the daily musical programs for The Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, held in Omaha, Nebraska, June 1 through October 31, 1898. The Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition brought an unprecedented array of local, national, and international musical acts to Omaha, NE in 1898. This served to designate Omaha, "the gateway to the west" as a musical hub, as well as to incite musical excitement in the region. Some of the more popular acts featured were the Theodore Thomas Orchestra, the U.S. Marine Band, and the Apollo Club of Chicago. Many more groups and their musical programs can be found within the pages of this site. The “Music at the Fair!” website was created by Grace Carey, and last revised on May 19, 2006.It is the result of a two- year research grant funded by an Undergraduate Creative Activities and Research Experiences (UCARE) grant through the University of Nebraska at Lincoln. It is an extension of an ongoing project on music at the TME by Music Professor Peter Lefferts. The primary sources of information for the site are the following newspapers from June – November 1898: The Omaha Daily Bee, the Omaha Evening Bee, and the Omaha World Herald, and the the official programs of the fair located in the archives at the Omaha Public Library. I would like to thank the helpful staff at the Nebraska State Historical Society and the downtown branch of the Omaha Public Library. Site Creator: Grace Carey Project Advisor: Peter Lefferts, Professor of Music History at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln The linked “Document” is a flat PDF version of the interactive website. To download the fully interactive html version, click on the “Related file” to download the zipped folder. When unzipped, click on the file named “index” to enter the website.

Petrology and Sr-Nd characteristics of the Nova Lacerda dike swarm, SW Amazonian Craton: new insights regarding its subcontinental mantle source and Mesoproterozoic geodynamics

The NNW-trending Nova Lacerda tholeiitic dike swarm in Mato Grosso State, Central Brazil, intrudes the Nova Lacerda granite (1.46 Ga) and the Jauru granite-greenstone terrain (ca. 1.79-1.77 Ga). The swarm comprises diabases I and II and amphibolites emplaced at ca. 1.38 Ga. Geochemical data indicate that these are evolved tholeiites characterized by high LILE/HSFE and LREE/HSFE ratios. Isotopic modelling yields positive epsilon(Nd)(T) values (+0.86 to +2.65), whereas values for epsilon(Sr)(T) range from positive to negative (+1.96 to -5.56). Crustal contamination did not play a significant petrogenetic role, as indicated by a comparison of isotopic data (Sr-Nd) from both dikes and country rocks, and by the relationship between isotopic and geochemical parameters (SiO2, K2O, Rb/Sr, and La/Yb) of the dikes. We attribute the origin of these tholeiites to fractional crystallization of evolved melts derived from a heterogeneous mantle source. Comparison of the geochemical and isotopic data of the studied swarm and other tholeiitic Mesoproterozoic mafic intrusions of the SWAmazonian Craton the Serra da Providencia, Colorado, and Nova Brasilandia bimodal suites - indicates that parental melts of the Nova Lacerda swarm were derived from the most enriched mantle source. This enrichment was probably caused by the stronger influence of the EMI component on the DMM end-member. These data, coupled with trace element bulk-rock geochemistry of the country rocks, and comparisons with the Colorado Complex of similar age, suggest a continental-margin arc setting for the emplacement of the Nova Lacerda dikes.

Chaotic encryption method based on life-like cellular automata

A chaotic encryption algorithm is proposed based on the "Life-like" cellular automata (CA), which acts as a pseudo-random generator (PRNG). The paper main focus is to use chaos theory to cryptography. Thus, CA was explored to look for this "chaos" property. This way, the manuscript is more concerning on tests like: Lyapunov exponent, Entropy and Hamming distance to measure the chaos in CA, as well as statistic analysis like DIEHARD and ENT suites. Our results achieved higher randomness quality than others ciphers in literature. These results reinforce the supposition of a strong relationship between chaos and the randomness quality. Thus, the "chaos" property of CA is a good reason to be employed in cryptography, furthermore, for its simplicity, low cost of implementation and respectable encryption power. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Historia de la morfogénesis granítica

[EN] From the moment a granitic magma begins to cool until it is solidified it is subjected to stress and strain, producing the various discontinuities that can be seen in the finally exposed rock. When as a result of the erosion of superincumbent rocks the granite is at or near the land surface these discontinuities are exploited by weathering. Such features, and particularly those related to fractures or diaclases, outline forms that are considered here as primary endogenous forms. Once the rock is in the earth surface, various external agencies first soil weathering and later others as gravity, rivers, waves, glaciers, frost, wind, attack the rock to produce new suites of forms that are considered here as primary exogenous either etched or subaerial features. Such primary forms, both endogenous and exogenous, can evolve morphologically further as a result of subaerial weathering and erosion, becoming secondary endogenous or secondary exogenous forms. Exceptionally, some primary, either exogenous or endogenous, features can survive to successive morphogenetic episodes either below sedimentary burial or just subaerially without appreciable modification by external agencies being considered as inherited forms. Only the discernment of all these types of landforms allows the complete understanding of the geomorphological history of the area in which they occur.

Análisis de los conciertos de abono de la Orquesta Filarmónica de Gran Canaria desde la temporada 1980/81 hasta la temporada 2010/2011

[ES]La Fundación Orquesta Filarmónica de Gran Canaria es una de las instituciones insulares más respetada y cercana a la sociedad grancanaria por la labor que desempeña. Presentamos una aproximación a la misma, centrándonos especialmente en el análisis de los conciertos de abono ya que son la actividad central alrededor de la cual gira la actividad artística de la OFGC, además de diversa información novedosa y útil que ayudará a conocer la trayectoria de la Orquesta grancanaria. [EN]The Gran Canaria Philharmonic Orchestra Foundation is one of the most respected and well liked institutions in Gran Canaria society, for the service that it gives. We will study and analize the orchestra´s main and most important activity, its season concerts, around which all its different activities are based. New information will show the history of the Gran Canaria Philharmonic Orchestra in a different light.

Rylenfarbstoffe in nanoskopischen Systemen

ZusammenfassungDurch die Funktionalisierung des Chromophors Tetraphenoxyperylendiimid mit vier Ethinylgruppen stand ein Farbstoff zur Verfügung, welcher sich als Kernmolekül für den Aufbau von Polyphenylendendrimeren eignet. Ausgehend von dem Farbstoffkern wurden drei Dendrimergenerationen synthetisiert. Durch die Dendronisierung wird die Aggregation des zentralen Farbstoffs im Festkörper verhindert, weshalb das G1-Dendrimer als aktive Schicht in LED´s eingesetzt wurde und zur Verbesserung dieser Bauelemente führte. Weiterhin wurde auch die Oberfläche der Polyphenylendendrimere mit 4, 8 bzw. 16 Perylenmonoimidfarbstoffen funktionalisiert. Durch zeitaufgelöste Absorptions- und Emissionsmessungen und Einzelmolekülspektroskopie des G2-Dendrimers wurde ein photophysikalisches Modell des multichromophoren Systems entwickelt.Neben Polyphenylendendrimeren dienten auch Emulsionspolymerisate, Miniemulsionspolymerisate und Halbleiterkristalle als nanoskopische Trägermaterialien für Rylenfarbstoffe. Für die Anknüpfung an Lartices wurden amino- und styrylfunktionalisierte Perylen- und Terrylenchromophore dargestellt, was zu einer statistischen Verteilung der Farbstoffe auf der Oberfläche bzw. im Inneren führte. Außerdem wurden Rylenfarbstoffe als stabile Fluoreszenzmarkierung von Metallocenkatalysatoren eingesetzt. Silica- und polymergeträgerte markierte Katalysatoren wurden zur Polymerisation von Ethylen verwendet und lieferten fluoreszente PE-Produkte, ohne Einfluß auf die Polymerisation zu nehmen. Zum Einen wurde mit Hilfe der Dotierung der heterogenen Polymerisationskatalysatoren der Verbleib des fragmentierten Trägermaterials in den PE-Produktpartikeln detektiert. Zum Anderen erlaubt der Einsatz unterschiedlich fluoreszierender Markierungsgruppen die Durchführung eines kombinatorischen Verfahrens zum Testen von Polymerisationskatalysatoren.

Kinematics of the Sicily and Calabria Subduction System from Elastic Block Modeling of GPS Data

We use data from about 700 GPS stations in the EuroMediterranen region to investigate the present-day behavior of the the Calabrian subduction zone within the Mediterranean-scale plates kinematics and to perform local scale studies about the strain accumulation on active structures. We focus attenction on the Messina Straits and Crati Valley faults where GPS data show extentional velocity gradients of ∼3 mm/yr and ∼2 mm/yr, respectively. We use dislocation model and a non-linear constrained optimization algorithm to invert for fault geometric parameters and slip-rates and evaluate the associated uncertainties adopting a bootstrap approach. Our analysis suggest the presence of two partially locked normal faults. To investigate the impact of elastic strain contributes from other nearby active faults onto the observed velocity gradient we use a block modeling approach. Our models show that the inferred slip-rates on the two analyzed structures are strongly impacted by the assumed locking width of the Calabrian subduction thrust. In order to frame the observed local deformation features within the present- day central Mediterranean kinematics we realyze a statistical analysis testing the indipendent motion (w.r.t. the African and Eurasias plates) of the Adriatic, Cal- abrian and Sicilian blocks. Our preferred model confirms a microplate like behaviour for all the investigated blocks. Within these kinematic boundary conditions we fur- ther investigate the Calabrian Slab interface geometry using a combined approach of block modeling and χ2ν statistic. Almost no information is obtained using only the horizontal GPS velocities that prove to be a not sufficient dataset for a multi-parametric inversion approach. Trying to stronger constrain the slab geometry we estimate the predicted vertical velocities performing suites of forward models of elastic dislocations varying the fault locking depth. Comparison with the observed field suggest a maximum resolved locking depth of 25 km.

The influence of petrogenetic processes on the composition of Ocean Island Basalts

Ocean Island Basalts (OIB) provide important information on the chemical and physical characteristics of their mantle sources. However, the geochemical composition of a generated magma is significantly affected by partial melting and/or subsequent fractional crystallization processes. In addition, the isotopic composition of an ascending magma may be modified during transport through the oceanic crust. The influence of these different processes on the chemical and isotopic composition of OIB from two different localities, Hawaii and Tubuai in the Pacific Ocean, are investigated here. In a first chapter, the Os-isotope variations in suites of lavas from Kohala Volcano, Hawaii, are examined to constrain the role of melt/crust interactions on the evolution of these lavas. As 187Os/188Os sensitivity to any radiogenic contaminant strongly depend on the Os content in the melt, Os and other PGE variations are investigated first. This study reveals that Os and other PGE behavior change during the Hawaiian magma differentiation. While PGE concentrations are relatively constant in lavas with relatively primitive compositions, all PGE contents strongly decrease in the melt as it evolved through ~ 8% MgO. This likely reflects the sulfur saturation of the Hawaiian magma and the onset of sulfide fractionation at around 8% MgO. Kohala tholeiites with more than 8% MgO and rich in Os have homogeneous 187Os/188Os values likely to represent the mantle signature of Kohala lavas. However, Os isotopic ratios become more radiogenic with decreasing MgO and Os contents in the lavas, which reflects assimilation of local crust material during fractional crystallization processes. Less than 8% upper oceanic crust assimilation could have produced the most radiogenic Os-isotope ratios recorded in the shield lavas. However, these small amounts of upper crust assimilation have only negligible effects on Sr and Nd isotopic ratios and therefore, are not responsible for the Sr and Nd isotopic heterogeneities observed in Kohala lavas. In a second chapter, fractional crystallization and partial melting processes are constrained using major and trace element variations in the same suites of lavas from Kohala Volcano, Hawaii. This inverse modeling approach allows the estimation of most of the trace element composition of the Hawaiian mantle source. The calculated initial trace element pattern shows slight depletion of the concentrations from LREE to the most incompatible elements, which indicates that the incompatible element enrichments described by the Hawaiian melt patterns are entirely produced by partial melting processes. The “Kea trend” signature of lavas from Kohala Volcano is also confirmed, with Kohala lavas having lower Sr/Nd and La/Th ratios than lavas from Mauna Loa Volcano. Finally, the magmatic evolution of Tubuai Island is investigated in a last chapter using the trace element and Sr, Nd, Hf isotopic variations in mafic lava suites. The Sr, Nd and Hf isotopic data are homogeneous and typical for the HIMU-type OIB and confirms the cogenetic nature of the different mafic lavas from Tubuai Island. The trace element patterns show progressive enrichment of incompatible trace elements with increasing alkali content in the lavas, which reflect progressive decrease in the degree of partial melting towards the later volcanic events. In addition, this enrichment of incompatible trace elements is associated with relative depletion of Rb, Ba, K, Nb, Ta and Ti in the lavas, which require the presence of small amount of residual phlogopite and of a Ti-bearing phase (ilmenite or rutile) during formation of the younger analcitic and nephelinitic magmas.

Progetto ed implementazione di protocolli a basso consumo energetico per reti wireless

"I computer del nuovo millennio saranno sempre più invisibili, o meglio embedded, incorporati agli oggetti, ai mobili, anche al nostro corpo. L'intelligenza elettronica sviluppata su silicio diventerà sempre più diffusa e ubiqua. Sarà come un'orchestra di oggetti interattivi, non invasivi e dalla presenza discreta, ovunque". [Mark Weiser, 1991] La visione dell'ubiquitous computing, prevista da Weiser, è ormai molto vicina alla realtà e anticipa una rivoluzione tecnologica nella quale l'elaborazione di dati ha assunto un ruolo sempre più dominante nella nostra vita quotidiana. La rivoluzione porta non solo a vedere l'elaborazione di dati come un'operazione che si può compiere attraverso un computer desktop, legato quindi ad una postazione fissa, ma soprattutto a considerare l'uso della tecnologia come qualcosa di necessario in ogni occasione, in ogni luogo e la diffusione della miniaturizzazione dei dispositivi elettronici e delle tecnologie di comunicazione wireless ha contribuito notevolmente alla realizzazione di questo scenario. La possibilità di avere a disposizione nei luoghi più impensabili sistemi elettronici di piccole dimensioni e autoalimentati ha contribuito allo sviluppo di nuove applicazioni, tra le quali troviamo le WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), ovvero reti formate da dispositivi in grado di monitorare qualsiasi grandezza naturale misurabile e inviare i dati verso sistemi in grado di elaborare e immagazzinare le informazioni raccolte. La novità introdotta dalle reti WSN è rappresentata dalla possibilità di effettuare monitoraggi con continuità delle più diverse grandezze fisiche, il che ha consentito a questa nuova tecnologia l'accesso ad un mercato che prevede una vastità di scenari indefinita. Osservazioni estese sia nello spazio che nel tempo possono essere inoltre utili per poter ricavare informazioni sull'andamento di fenomeni naturali che, se monitorati saltuariamente, non fornirebbero alcuna informazione interessante. Tra i casi d'interesse più rilevanti si possono evidenziare: - segnalazione di emergenze (terremoti, inondazioni) - monitoraggio di parametri difficilmente accessibili all'uomo (frane, ghiacciai) - smart cities (analisi e controllo di illuminazione pubblica, traffico, inquinamento, contatori gas e luce) - monitoraggio di parametri utili al miglioramento di attività produttive (agricoltura intelligente, monitoraggio consumi) - sorveglianza (controllo accessi ad aree riservate, rilevamento della presenza dell'uomo) Il vantaggio rappresentato da un basso consumo energetico, e di conseguenza un tempo di vita della rete elevato, ha come controparte il non elevato range di copertura wireless, valutato nell'ordine delle decine di metri secondo lo standard IEEE 802.15.4. Il monitoraggio di un'area di grandi dimensioni richiede quindi la disposizione di nodi intermedi aventi le funzioni di un router, il cui compito sarà quello di inoltrare i dati ricevuti verso il coordinatore della rete. Il tempo di vita dei nodi intermedi è di notevole importanza perché, in caso di spegnimento, parte delle informazioni raccolte non raggiungerebbero il coordinatore e quindi non verrebbero immagazzinate e analizzate dall'uomo o dai sistemi di controllo. Lo scopo di questa trattazione è la creazione di un protocollo di comunicazione che preveda meccanismi di routing orientati alla ricerca del massimo tempo di vita della rete. Nel capitolo 1 vengono introdotte le WSN descrivendo caratteristiche generali, applicazioni, struttura della rete e architettura hardware richiesta. Nel capitolo 2 viene illustrato l'ambiente di sviluppo del progetto, analizzando le piattaforme hardware, firmware e software sulle quali ci appoggeremo per realizzare il progetto. Verranno descritti anche alcuni strumenti utili per effettuare la programmazione e il debug della rete. Nel capitolo 3 si descrivono i requisiti di progetto e si realizza una mappatura dell'architettura finale. Nel capitolo 4 si sviluppa il protocollo di routing, analizzando i consumi e motivando le scelte progettuali. Nel capitolo 5 vengono presentate le interfacce grafiche utilizzate utili per l'analisi dei dati. Nel capitolo 6 vengono esposti i risultati sperimentali dell'implementazione fissando come obiettivo il massimo lifetime della rete.