Diagnóstico de conflitos em áreas de preservação permanente na bacia do Rio Capivara - Botucatu (SP)

The permanent preservation areas (PPA) established by Brazilian law are there to protect the natural environment. With the expansion of space occupied by man and development of economic activities in these areas were engaged in conflicts characterized PPA, where the use is other than the natural vegetation. According to these paradigms work aims to raise these conflict areas in the River Basin Capivara, Botucatu (SP) with the help of GIS Ilwis 3.4, topographic maps of IBGE and satellite images CBERS 2B. The map was generated from PPA in the GIS by distance calculation in relation to drainage, springs and break line on Cuesta de Botucatu. The classes of land use and natural vegetation were determined by interpretation of satellite images and field visits to check their veracity. With the cutting of the map of land use and natural vegetation in relation to PPA unit it was determined that the total 44,63% PPA is in conflict occupied by pasture, forest plantation, orange, annual crops, farms and irrigated rice project in lowland. This diagnostic characterizes the degradation of the environment and highlights the need to harmonize the economic and urban development with the preservation of the environment to ensure sustainability of the region.

Geoprocessamento aplicado na avaliação morfométrica da microbacia do Ribeirão Tabuleta - Piquete (SP)

A análise morfométrica de uma microbacia é uma importante ferramenta de diagnóstico da susceptibilidade à degradação ambiental, pois os resultados nortearão o planejamento, o manejo e a implementação de medidas mitigadoras para conservação dos recursos hídricos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização morfométrica da microbacia do Ribeirão Tabuleta – Piquete (SP) através do Sistema de Informações Geográficas Arcview e da Carta Planialtimétrica de Lorena – SP e Delfim Moreira - MG, editadas pelo IBGE (1970), em escala 1:50000. As variáveis avaliadas foram as dimensionais, da composição da rede de Drenagem e do padrão de drenagem. As bases cartográficas utilizadas foram a carta planialtimétrica de Lorena – SP e Delfim Moreira - MG, editadas pelo IBGE (1970), em escala 1:50000, para a hierarquização da rede de drenagem e a análise morfométrica. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a microbacia apresenta altos riscos de susceptibilidade a erosão e degradação ambiental, sendo fundamental a manutenção da cobertura vegetal e as zonas ripárias para conservação dos serviços ambientais. O fator de forma e a densidade de drenagem alta permitiram inferir que o substrato tem permeabilidade baixa com menor infiltração e maior escoamento da água. A alta declividade das encostas (montanhoso) indica se não for conservada pode haver alteração na regulação do sistema hidrológico e consequentemente na produção de água. O Sistema de Informações Geográficas ArcGis 9.3 foi excelente na digitalização e análise dos dados.

Acompanhamento da dinâmica do uso do solo em uma bacia hidrográfica no Município de Botucatu (SP) por meio de geotecnologia

The increasing expansion of agricultural activities, without considering the potential and limitations of soils is a potential source of environmental degradation. Thus, the present study assessed the variation of use and occupation in 49 years, between 1962 and 2011 scenarios of watershed of São Caetano - Botucatu (SP). geoprocessing techniques were used in this study. In a Geographic Information System (GIS) - IDRISI – it was integrated information from IBGE digital cards, scale 1:50,000, plus aerial photographs (1962) and satellite images LANDSAT - 5 (2011). In the study area, we can view the progress of the urban area, which in 1962 was not present in the watershed. In 2011, the urban area occupied 21.37% of the total area. Even with this breakthrough occurring in the period of 49 years, there was an increase in the area of natural vegetation, which once occupied only 12.33% of the area (1962), and in 2011 represents 25% of the total area of the watershed, showing an increase in awareness on the importance of preserving nature. Thus, we can conclude that the analysis tools based on GIS enabled us to analyze variations in space and time and to propose alternatives to the correct use and occupation of land.

Avaliação morfométrica da microbacia do Ribeirão Benfica - Piquete (SP)

A morfometria é uma ferramenta de grande importância como diagnóstico de suscetibilidade a degradação ambiental, delimitação da zona ripária, planejamento e manejo da microbacia. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização morfométrica da microbacia do Ribeirão Benfica – Piquete (SP) através do Sistema de Informações Geográficas Arcview e da Carta Planialtimétrica de Lorena – SP e Delfim Moreira - MG, editadas pelo IBGE (1970), em escala 1:50000. As variáveis avaliadas foram as dimensionais, do padrão de drenagem e do relevo. A base cartográfica utilizada foi as cartas planialtimétricas de Lorena – SP e Delfim Moreira - MG, editadas pelo IBGE (1970), em escala 1:50000, para a hierarquização da rede de drenagem e a análise morfométrica. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a microbacia apresenta altos riscos de susceptibilidade a erosão e degradação ambiental, sendo fundamental a manutenção da cobertura vegetal e as zonas ripárias para conservação dos serviços ambientais. O fator de forma e a densidade de drenagem alta permitiram inferir que o substrato tem permeabilidade baixa com menor infiltração e maior escoamento da água. A alta declividade das encostas (montanhoso) indica que se a microbacia não for conservada pode haver alteração na regulação do sistema hidrológico e consequentemente na produção de água. O Sistema de Informações Geográficas ArcGis 9.3 foi excelente na digitalização e análise dos dados.

Análise multicriterial aplicado na definição de áreas prioritárias ao uso agrícola da terra da bacia do Rio Capivara, Botucatu, SP

The use of geographic information systems (GIS), combined with advanced analysis technique, enables the standardization and data integration, which are usually from different sources, allowing you to conduct a joint evaluation of the same, providing more efficiency and reliability in the decision-making process to promote the adequacy of land use. This study aimed to analyze the priority areas of the basin agricultural use of the Capivara River, Botucatu, SP, through multicriterial analysis, aiming at conservation of water resources. The results showed that the Geographic Information System Idrisi Selva combined with advanced analysis technique and the weighted linear combination method proved to be an effective tool in the combination of different criteria, allowing the determination of the adequacy of agricultural land use less subjective way. Environmental criteria were shown to be suitable for the combination and multi-criteria analysis, allowing the preparation of the statement of suitability classes for agricultural use and can be useful for regional planning and decision-making by public bodies and environmental agents because the method takes into account the rational use of land and allowing the conservation of hydrics resources.

Modelo hidrológico SWAT na determinação das perdas de solo na bacia hidrológica do Rio Pardo - Botucatu/SP

The objective of this work was to evaluate the sediment production in the initial part of the Pardo River Basin - Botucatu/SP from 1994 to 1999, using the mathematical hydrological model SWAT. It was used topographic maps and satellite data manipulated in GIS using the software SPRING 5.1.6. The simulation of sediment production was generated with the aid of an interface between the hydrological model SWAT 2009 with ArcView ®, version 9.3. The maps of Soil, Land Use and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) were generated in the GIS-SPRING 5.1.6 and exported to ArcSWAT 2009. The tabular data related to the parameters of soil and meteorological parameters were entered directly to the SWAT. The model allowed to estimate the sediment production. A sediment average production rate of 33.866 ton ha-1 over the six years of study was computed in the point of discharge of the basin.

Planejamento do meio físico a partir de uma abordagem da técnica de capacidade de uso da terra na sub-bacia dso Rio das Pedras - Itatinga - SP

The study aimed mapping of the land use capacity classes for the Rio das Pedras watershed, Itatinga-SP in order to provide another mechanism of environmental planning for the studied area. It was used 1:10,000 topographic letters for the slope map generation which was overlaid with the studied area soil map. It was applied the judgment table criteria method, for generation of land use capacity map of the studied area. It were identified the following results: First, class III with constraints in relation of low fertility and restrictions about erosion risks on high slope areas. Second, class VI with the same characteristics of class III however with the presence of an aggravating factor of sand texture in all horizons, resulting in high risks of erosion events, especially in high slopes areas, and contamination by pollutants due the high soil permeability. Conclusions: It was verified that the more critical regions for land use capacity classes were VIs and mainly VIes class. The last one has more high relief areas and the presence of Neossolo Quartzarenico soil, with a big erosion propensity. The land use capacity map allow making different decisions for each region of the watershed respecting their individual characteristics.

Conservação de goiabas ‘Pedro Sato’ minimamente processadas e irradiadas

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation associated with modified atmosphere in cold storage of guava ‘Pedro Sato’ minimally processed, checking their physical-chemical characteristics. Were used guavas from the region of Vista Alegre do Alto/São Paulo/Brazil. After harvest, fruits were immediately transported to the Fruit and Vegetables Laboratory from the Agroindustrial Management and Technology Department, Agronomic Sciences College - UNESP - Botucatu / SP, where they were kept at 10 ° C and 90-95% RH in cold storage, for 12 days. In the laboratory, fruits were selected by size and lack of defects in order to standardize the lot and then were cut into slices 0.5 cm thick. We used the completely randomized design, with factorial design 5 x 5, with three replications. The first factor consisted of the following effects: control 1 (without package or irradiation), control 2 (polystyrene package/PS + package low density polyethylene/LDPE and without irradiation), treatment 1 (PS + LDPE and 0.2 kGy ), treatment 2 (PS + LDPE and 0.6 kGy) and treatment 3 (PS + LDPE and 1.0 kGy). The second factor consisted of the evaluation periods: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. The analyses were: firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), maturity index, pH, breathing behavior. In the end of this work it was concluded that the lower dose of radiation associated with modified atmosphere promoted positive effect on physical-chemical characteristics of guava ‘Pedro Sato’, providing fruits with higher quality and durability, due to higher maintenance of pulp firmness, the highest pH and soluble solids obtained. Regarding the storage days, there were no beneficial effect of the treatments during storage, mainly due to the sensitivity of fruits submitted to gamma irradiation, where only the early days provided better values for the variables.

Emissão de gases de efeito estufa e estoque de carbono no solo em função do manejo e correção de acidez

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Manejo e conservação genética In Situ, Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. Ex Mart. no pontal do Paranapanema

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Geomática aplicada na caracterização conservacionista de uma bacia hidrográfica no município de São Manuel (SP)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação dos ambientes de proteção da bacia hidrográfica do rio Jundiaí-Mirim/SP

Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais - Sorocaba

Composição florística e estrutura vegetacional da mata ciliar de um remanescente florestal em Paraguaçu Paulista, SP

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Avaliação dos modelos de predição da erosão hídrica MEUPS e WEPP: contribuição em bacias hidrográficas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação de contaminação com óleo diesel por meio dos métodos de Eletrorresistividade e Polarização Induzida em Santa Ernestina-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)