Fenologia de espécies do dossel e do sub-bosque de duas Florestas de Restinga na Ilha do Mel, sul do Brasil

Devido à ampla distribuição geográfica, a Floresta Atlântica e os ecossistemas associados estão sujeitos a condicionantes ambientais que variam de acordo com a latitude e que devem influenciar nos processos dinâmicos das comunidades. Para avaliar se a fenologia de florestas da região atlântica pode ser determinada por tais variações, plantas do dossel e do subbosque (total 55 espécies) de duas Florestas de Restinga (Floresta não inundável e Floresta inundável) foram acompanhadas por dois anos na Ilha do Mel, localizada em região meridional da distribuição da Floresta Atlântica e com pouca diferença climática entre o período superúmido (setembro a maio) e úmido (junho a agosto). Apesar das diferenças florísticas e estruturais, as duas florestas apresentaram padrões semelhantes, com pico de queda de folhas (outubro a dezembro), brotação (dezembro a janeiro), floração (dezembro a janeiro) e frutificação (março a abril) ocorrendo sucessivamente ao longo da estação superúmida, o que esteve correlacionado principalmente com as variações do comprimento do dia e da temperatura. Dossel e sub-bosque apresentaram padrões fenológicos distintos, sendo que no primeiro houve maior sincronia interespecífica. Os resultados mostraram que mesmo localizadas na situação marginal de distribuição do clima tropical, as Florestas de Restinga da Ilha do Mel apresentam semelhanças fenológicas com outros ecossistemas da região atlântica, o que deve refletir a similaridade florística entre estas áreas.

Sementes recalcitrantes: intolerantes a baixas temperaturas? Embriões recalcitrantes de Inga vera Willd. subsp. affinis (DC.) T. D. Penn. toleram temperatura sub-zero

Sementes recalcitrantes são intolerantes à dessecação e a baixas temperaturas, que são as principais formas de conservação de sementes e, portanto, são de difícil armazenamento. Inga vera subsp. affinis produz sementes denominadas recalcitrantes, uma vez que não toleram redução do teor de água para valores inferiores a 35%. Neste trabalho é demonstrada a tolerância desses embriões a temperatura de -2 ºC. Embriões de I. vera de diferentes estádios de maturação foram armazenados por até 45 dias nas temperaturas de 8 ºC a -18 ºC, com ou sem secagens prévias até -4,0 e -6,0 MPa. Os resultados permitiram observar que, embora nenhum tratamento tenha proporcionado resistância à temperatura de -18 ºC, a secagem dos embriões maduros a -4 MPa proporcionou maior tolerância à redução de temperatura até níveis de congelamento da água (-2 ºC).

Regiones sub Polo Arctico

Julkaisussa: Atlas major, sive, Cosmographia Blaviana : qua solum, salum, coelum, accuratissime describuntur. Vol I

Libia interior, Etiopia sub Egipto

Julkaisussa: Cosmographia : Claudii Ptolomei viri Alexandrini cosmographie octavus et ultimus liber explicit

Insulae Islandiae delineatio : prout haec Solenni mensurandi negotio sub Auspiciis Potensissimi Regis Daniae facto, et a. 1734 demum per Cnopfium archit. militarem ad finem per ducto, debetur, divisae in quatuor partes, Islandice Fiördung, quarum quaevis in suas minores regiunculas Islandice Sislu, danice Syssel dictas subdividitur

Kartta kuuluu A. E. Nordenskiöldin kokoelmaan

Lipid peroxidation and total radical-trapping potential of the lungs of rats submitted to chronic and sub-chronic stress

Exposure to stress induces a cluster of physiological and behavioral changes in an effort to maintain the homeostasis of the organism. Long-term exposure to stress, however, has detrimental effects on several cell functions such as the impairment of antioxidant defenses leading to oxidative damage. Oxidative stress is a central feature of many diseases. The lungs are particularly susceptible to lesions by free radicals and pulmonary antioxidant defenses are extensively distributed and include both enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems. The aim of the present study was to determine lipid peroxidation and total radical-trapping potential (TRAP) changes in lungs of rats submitted to different models of chronic stress. Adult male Wistar rats weighing 180-230 g were submitted to different stressors (variable stress, N = 7) or repeated restraint stress for 15 (N = 10) or 40 days (N = 6) and compared to control groups (N = 10 each). Lipid peroxidation levels were assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and TRAP was measured by the decrease in luminescence using the 2-2'-azo-bis(2-amidinopropane)-luminol system. Chronic variable stress induced a 51% increase in oxidative stress in lungs (control group: 0.037 ± 0.002; variable stress: 0.056 ± 0.007, P < 0.01). No difference in TBARS was observed after chronic restraint stress, but a significant 57% increase in TRAP was presented by the group repeatedly restrained for 15 days (control group: 2.48 ± 0.42; stressed: 3.65 ± 0.16, P < 0.05). We conclude that different stressors induce different effects on the oxidative status of the organism.

Narrow Gap flux-cored arc welding of high strength shipbuilding steels

This thesis is part of the Arctic Materials Technologies Development –project. The research of the thesis was done in cooperation with Arctech Helsinki Shipyard, Lappeenranta University of Technology and Kemppi Oy. Focus of the thesis was to study narrow gap flux-cored arc welding of two high strength steels with three different groove angles of 20°, 10° and 5°. Welding of the 25 mm thick E500 TMCP and 10 mm thick EH36 steels was mechanized and Kemppi WisePenetration and WiseFusion processes were tested with E500 TMCP steel. EH36 steel test pieces were welded without Wise processes. Shielding gases chosen were carbon dioxide and a mixture of argon and carbon dioxide. Welds were tested with non-destructive and destructive testing methods. Radiographic, visual, magnetic particle and liquid penetrant testing proved that welds were free from imperfections. After non-destructive testing, welds were tested with various destructive testing methods. Impact strength, bending, tensile strength and hardess tests proved that mechanized welding and Wise processes produced quality welds with narrower gap. More inconsistent results were achieved with test pieces welded without Wise processes. Impact test results of E500 TMCP exceeded the 50 J limit on weld, set by Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. EH36 impact test results were much closer to the limiting values of 34 J on weld and 47 on HAZ. Hardness values of all test specimens were below the limiting values. Bend testing and tensile testing results fulfilled the the Register requirements. No cracking or failing occurred on bend test specimens and tensile test results exceeded the Register limits of 610 MPa for E500 TMCP and 490 MPa for EH36.

Foreign Direct Investment, Clean Development Mechanism, and Environmental Management: A case of Sub-Saharan Africa

This doctoral dissertation explores the contribution of environmental management practices, the so-called clean development mechanism (CDM) projects, and foreign direct investment (FDI) in achieving sustainable development in developing countries, particularly in Sub- Saharan Africa. Because the climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most serious global environmental challenges, the main focus is on the causal links between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, and economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, the dissertation investigates the factors that have affected the distribution of CDM projects in developing countries and the relationships between FDI and other macroeconomic variables of interest. The main contribution of the dissertation is empirical. One of the publications uses crosssectional data and Tobit and Poisson regressions. Three of the studies use time-series data and vector autoregressive and vector error correction models, while two publications use panel data and panel data estimation methods. One of the publications uses thus both timeseries and panel data. The concept of Granger causality is utilized in four of the publications. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the Granger causality relationships between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and FDI in different countries. It appears also that the causality relationships change over time. Furthermore, the results support the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis but only for some of the countries. As to CDM activities, past emission levels, institutional quality, and the size of the host country appear to be among the significant determinants of the distribution of CDM projects. FDI and exports are also found to be significant determinants of economic growth.

Tabula geographica Europae ad statum, quo sub finem anni 900 post Christ. nat. suit = L'Europe à la fin de l'an. 900 après naiss. de J. Chr. / in usum iuventutis erudiendae descripta a C. Kruse.

0-meridiaani: Ferro.

High prevalence of the GSTM3*A/B polymorphism in sub-Sarahan African populations

A 3-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in intron 6 of GSTM3 (rs1799735, GSTM3*A/*B) affects the activity of the phase 2 xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme GSTM3 and has been associated with increased cancer risk. The GSTM3*B allele is rare or absent in Southeast Asians, occurs in 5-20% of Europeans but was detected in 80% of Bantu from South Africa. The wide genetic diversity among Africans led us to investigate whether the high frequency of GSTM3*B prevailed in other sub-Saharan African populations. In 168 healthy individuals from Angola, Mozambique and the São Tomé e Príncipe islands, the GSTM3*B allele was three times more frequent (0.74-0.78) than the GSTM3*A allele (0.22-0.26), with no significant differences in allele frequency across the three groups. We combined these data with previously published results to carry out a multidimensional scaling analysis, which provided a visualization of the worldwide population affinities based on the GSTM3 *A/*B polymorphism.

Summa rerum genera esse tantum duo: substantiam nimirum & accidens, ex suffragio ampliss. facult. philos. in florentissimo ad Auram Athenaeo, sub umbone ... dn. mag. Simonis Tålpo, met & log. professoris famigeratissimi, consistorii Acad. assessoris gravissimi nec non annexae Pijkensis pastoris longe fidelissimi. Summos in philosophia honores aditurus dissertatione philosophica ad sobrie philosophantium examen modeste delata statuere conabitur Jeremias Wallenius J. f. Tavastensis. Ad diem 21. Nov. anni redempti orbis M. DC. XC. IV. Horis pomeridianis in auditorio maximo

Invokaatio: A.J.

Positiones philosophicae ex fragrantissimo philosophiae viridario carptìm collectae. Quas ex consensu amplissimae [et] venerandae facultatis philosophicae in Regiâ Academiâ Aboënsi. Sub praesidio, ... dn. Michaelis Gyllenstålpes, Wexionii, j. u. & philos: doct: pereximii, ll:m polit: & hist: prof: publ: celeberrimi, p. t. rectoris magnifici, moecenatis, praecept. ac promotoris quovis obsequii & honoris genere plurimùm prosequendi. Liberalis exercitij gratia, publicae eruditorum disquisitioni modestè sistit Daniel B. Rosander Smolandus s. r. m.tis stipendiarius. In auditorio majori ad diem 22. Novemb. anno 1654. Horis ab 8. antemeridianis

Variantti A.

De Sveo-Gothis; qui vixerunt sub periodo Erici I.mi. ad Ericum 2.dum: memorans quomodo restituti sunt primum ab Erico, mox tamen ac multos annos ab incertis ducibus vexati, at nunquam vera religione destituti

Variantti B.

De Sveo-Gothis; qui vixerunt sub periodo Erici I.mi. ad Ericum 2.dum: memorans quomodo restituti sunt primum ab Erico, mox tamen ac multos annos ab incertis ducibus vexati, at nunquam vera religione destituti

Variantti A.

De Sveo-Gothis, qui vixerunt sub finem Testamenti Veteris, post praemissa nonnulla de Biarmorum Jumala, expendens quomodo hic verus Deus et Sathanam tunc strinxit circa religionis curam apud paganos, et sibi quosdam alios servavit pios adminiculis variis auctos

Variantti B.