Cuidado ao paciente idoso hospitalizado: implicações para a equipe de enfermagem

The Brazilian population is ageing rapidly, and chronic diseases have increased. Due to deficient health care services, the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases occur in the tertiary level, which increases costs and reduces the possibilities of early diagnoses. In view of the elderly population‟s increase and of the great demand at hospitalization units, it is important to learn about the difficulties and facilities faced by nursing teams when giving care to hospitalized individuals. In order to reach the objectives, a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive, analytical and qualitative study was performed with basis on Bardin‟s Content Analysis. Among the difficulties were patients‟ limitations, dependence level, behaviors and habits, interference from companions, feeling of abandonment, perception of needs, dealing with suffering and lack of time for adequate care. As to facilities, acceptance of the disease, adherence to treatment, collaboration, trust in the team, and older patients‟ politeness were reported, which shows that passiveness is an important indicator in caring for the elderly. Older individuals suffer the outcomes of certain physical, psychological and mental deficits. When facing disease conditions, they require special care, including hospitalization and greater attention. The nursing team provides daily care and follows patients‟ development; however, its members are still not knowledgeable enough about the ageing process. This contributes to increase prejudice and erroneous stereotypes about older persons. Therefore, not understanding such process compromises the full care to be provided to older patients. This leads team members to accelerate the care provision process in order to meet the daily work demand, thus compromising older patients‟ autonomy and making them more dependent on the team, whereas the process should follow the opposite path

Conduta do paciente hipertenso frente ao tratamento clínico

The urbanization process established in Brazilian society since the middle of last century brought changes in the population habits and customs, which was responsible for the increased of chronic diseases incidence, such as arterial hypertension, for example. Although this is a common disease nowadays, it is still difficult to establish a significant control in subjects with this disease and its consequences. This is apparently due to lack of interest to the correct plan of care developed for the treatment of this disease. The nursing consultation identifies potential problematic situations and the patient needs, setting actions that are complementary to their benefit in order to promote health. The present work aims to observe how the nursing consultation is being used as strategy for patients with arterial hypertension, and to understand the difficulties faced during treatment of these patients. For this purpose, it was performed qualitative and quantitative studies with patients from Centro Saúde Escola (CSE), Unidade Auxiliar, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP, located in Botucatu, employing as methodology the Discourse of the Collective Subject and descriptive statistical analysis of quantitative results. The vast majority of consultations were held by medical professionals and it was observed that the multidisciplinary work still needs to be recognized and valued by users. The lack of knowledge of some individuals in relation to the potential and importance of the nursing consultation occurs not only for the treatment of arterial hypertension, but for the treatment and monitoring of the individual as a whole. Therefore, it is still necessary to clarify the true essence and necessity of the nursing consultation, since so important tool should be used in its entirely. Moreover, the role of the multidisciplinary team should be more discussed

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Brassica campestris sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

Obesity along with overweight has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to promote health has grown as a mechanism for prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. Several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plants species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity with a major attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more effective for health than the traditional treatment with appetite suppressants. Whereas both food intake and the oral treatment with different compounds can cause changes in gene expression and that a proper diet has been valuable as a mechanism for maintaining the body's vital functions, the objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of standardized extract of Brassica campestris L. in the decrease in weight and food intake control. In vivo trials of this product were conducted and studies of its effects on energy metabolism in non-obese mice and with obesity induced by hypercaloric diet. After induction of obesity by 8 weeks, animals were treated for 21 days with the extract orally. After 21 days the animals were killed and the effects of this product were evaluated on the daily feed intake and on body weight. According to the results obtained, the extract of Brassica campestris was not effective in reducing body weight of obese animals, and did not reduce food intake

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Coffea arabica sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

Obesity along with overweight, has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases, such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to call health promotion has grown as a mechanism for prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. Several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plant species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity with a major attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more effective health than the traditional treatment with appetite suppressants. This work aims to develop and standardize models of biological assays in stress and obesity, also aims to evaluate the effect of oil green beans of Coffea arabica in the regulation of body weight and energy balance in mice. To this end, trials were made in vivo studies of this product and their effects on energy metabolism in non-obese mice with obesity induced by hypercaloric diet. After induction of obesity by 8 weeks, animals were treated for 21 days with the extracts orally. After 21 days the animals were killed to evaluate the effects of these products on daily feed intake and on body weight. The group treated with the oil of Coffea arabica L. showed significant weight loss and feed intake high. According to the results, we conclude that the standardized extract of Coffea arabica L. decreased body weight without restriction or decrease the amount of food ingested

Avaliação preliminar do efeito da Physalis angulata L. sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

The obesity has been considered one of the most serious public health problem in the worldwide scale, especially for being one of the main risk factors for many chronic diseases that characterize the metabolic syndrome. In addition to these diseases, obesity also causes dermatoses that affect not only the individual emotions but also cause various cutaneous infections. Thus, overweighting can be an agent that causes many types of stress: psychological, physical and social. In order to improve people’s life quality, several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plant species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity due to the attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more health effective when compared to the treatment performed by traditional anorectic substances. If considered both food intake and also oral treatment with different compounds can promote change in the gene expression, besides an appropriate diet has been maintenance mechanism of body's vital functions. The aim of this work was to develop new standard methods for induced obesity and stress, which stress is induced through physical and psychogenic stressors in Swiss male mice. Also to evaluate the effect of supercritical extract of Physalis angulata L. on the food intake and corporeal weight loss

Avaliação preliminar dos efeitos de Bidens pilosa L. sobre a obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica

The obesity along with overweight has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to promote health has grown as a prevention mechanism. Previous studies suggested Bidens pilosa L. for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity, with one important attraction of this regiment is perceived as safer and more effective health than the traditional anorexigen .The aim of this project is to standardize a new model of obesity induced by hipercaloric diet in Swiss mice, and also to evaluate the effect of Bidens pilosa L. extract in the reduction of food intake, weight and toxicity. After induction of obesity, the animals were treated for 21 days with the extract. Then the animals were killed and samples were collected for further analysis. Preliminary, the effect of this product has being evaluated on the daily food intake and body weight. In dose of 100mg/Kg, there were no significant changes in food intake and body weight. Thus, this concentration of Bidens pilosa was not effective in reducing body weight of obese animals, and did not reduce food intake

Atividade hipolidêmica e protetora da bixina no fígado de ratos tratados com dieta hipercalórica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Indicadores Antropométricos do Estado Nutricional de Idosas Praticantes e Não Praticantes de Exercício Fisíco na Zona Norte de São José do Rio Preto-SP

Although the regular practice of physical exercise for the maintenance of the nutritional state and quality of life is important, it is not a common habit among the elderly, especially those of the lower income social bracket. The objective was to characterize and compare according to social-economic conditions and anthropometric indexes of the nutritional state of the elderly who regularly practice and those who do not practice exercises, offered at no cost, in the Northern zone of São José do Rio Preto-SP. In this study, 110 elderly women participated, of which 60 (group P) exercised regularly and 50 did not (group NP). Group P participated in a special gym program, free of charge, for at least 2 years, 2 to 3 times a week, one hour a day. Group NP was recruited from the same location as Group P. The comparison between the groups of elderly women was proportionately distributed according to marital status, level of education, means of locomotion, results of body mass index (IMC), waist to hip ratio (RCQ) and calf circumference, using the chi-square test. Comparisons were also made of average age, per capita family income, individual income, IMC, arm and triceps skin fold measured by t-Test. Differences were not found in all the comparisons made. The variables that stood out were the IMC (overweight) and RCQ (risk of chronic diseases) results, which were above what was expected, and the high frequency of walking and riding buses for both groups of elderly women (about 60%). We came to the conclusion that the low-intensity exercise program evaluated made no difference in the nutritional profile of the elderly who also used walking as a means of getting around.

Compostos bioativos benéficos presentes em castanhas e nozes

Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between nuts, including walnuts, intakes and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. The nuts contain phenolics compounds and flavonoids and are rich in tocopherol, phytosterols, and squalene. They are sources of carbohydrates, essential fatty acids and minerals. Since walnuts contain high levels of n-3 fatty acids and low unsaturated fatty acids, high levels of vitamin E, pholyphenols, flavonoids, arginine and fiber. The compounds possible beneficial effects are due to their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities, which are linked to a reduced risk for developing atherosclerosis and cancer. In recent years, the consumers have been showing an increased interest in nuts and walnuts because of their nutritional qualities and their potential beneficial effects on people’s health This review aims to describe the importance of beneficial bioactive compounds present in nuts and walnuts.

Qualidade da atenção ao usuário acometido por AVC, antes e após a implantação de uma Unidade de AVC

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

Adesão de idosos a programa de atividade física em unidade de atenção primária à saúde

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Um estudo em cardiopatas submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio: ansiedade e depressão

Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

Avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de hepatopatias

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Preventiva e Social - FOA

Carotenoid Profile of Tomato Sauces: Effect of Cooking Time and Content of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

The consumption of carotenoid-rich vegetables such as tomatoes and tomato sauces is associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases. The predominant carotenoids in tomato products are in the (all-E) configuration, but (Z) isomers can be formed during thermal processing. The effect of cooking time (15, 30, 45 and 60 min) and the addition of extra virgin olive oil (5% and 10%) on the carotenoid extractability of tomato sauces was monitored using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and LC-ultraviolet detection (LC-UV). The thermal treatment and the addition of extra virgin olive oil increased the levels of antioxidant activity, total carotenoids, Z-lycopene isomers, -carotene and -carotene. These results are of particular nutritional benefit since higher lycopene intake has been associated with a reduced risk of lethal prostate and a reduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Moreover, -carotene has been reported to suppress the up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in a dose dependent manner and to suppress UVA-induced HO-1 gene expression in cultured FEK4.

Características clínicas e laboratoriais de gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia versus hipertensão gestacional

Purpose: To compare clinical and laboratory characteristics, obstetric and perinatal outcomes of patients with pre-eclampsia versus gestational hypertension. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out to analyze medical records of patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension whose pregnancies were resolved within a period of 5 years, for a total of 419 cases. We collected clinical and laboratory data, obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Comparisons between groups were performed using the test suitable for the variable analyzed: unpaired t test, Mann-Whitney U test or χ2test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. Results: Were evaluated 199 patients in the gestational hypertension group (GH) and 220 patients in the pre-eclampsia group (PE). Mean body mass index was 34.6 kg/m2 in the GH group and 32.7 kg/m2 in the PE group, with a significant difference between groups. The PE group showed higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure and higher rates of abnormal values in the laboratory tests, although the mean values were within the normal range. Cesarean section was performed in 59.1% of cases of PE and in 47.5% of the GH group; and perinatal outcomes in terms of gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in the PE group. Conclusion: Women with gestational hypertension exhibit epidemiological characteristics of patients at risk for chronic diseases. Patients with pre-eclampsia present clinical and laboratory parameters of greater severity, higher rates of cesarean delivery and worse maternal and perinatal outcomes.