Uma perspectiva da globalização na universidade brasileira

As políticas públicas relacionadas ao ensino superior brasileiro atual vêm estabelecendo seus parâmetros nos moldes da globalização econômica, visando sua inserção no mundo moderno, a partir de um modelo econômico neoliberal assumido como inevitável. As novas formas de organização do trabalho deles decorrentes impuseram um novo tipo de formação, onde o domínio do conhecimento e o tempo de escolarização passaram a ser estratégicos. Porém, a aplicação das recomendações dos órgãos internacionais no Brasil neoliberal privilegia a formação de nível superior fora do sistema universitário público, apontado como atrasado devido aos seus custos, preferindo-se uma outra, onde os critérios de qualidade são os empresariais. As conseqüências são evidentes, acentuando-se o atraso econômico e tecnológico, distanciando-se cada vez mais o país da modernidade.

A questão do desenvolvimento à luz da globalização da economia capitalista

Cet article cherche à dresser, sous la perspective historique, le bilan de la situation des pays périphériques dans les dernières trentes années. Pour cela, il aborde particulièrement les enjeux du développement dans la phase de la globalisation du capital. Ce travail s'appuie surtout sur les études de la vaste bibliographie publiée récemment. Dans quelle mesure la relance du développement concernant plusieurs secteurs stagnés de la périphérie deviendrait-elle une réelle possibilité? Autour de cette question, que nous trouvons centrale dans l'actuelle conjoncture, nous entamons quelques réflexions. Nous envisageons montrer que la stagnation économique à laquelle des nombreux pays non développés font face ne découle pas en partie d'une crise sociale et économique ouverte dans les années soixante-dix et qui s'élargit jusqu'à nos jours malgré les tentatives de restructuration de la société capitaliste. Les stratégies et les mesures politiques à caractère néo-liberal aussi auraient énormément contribué à cette situation étant donné qu'elles ont renforcé les amarres financières qui ont étranglé pour une part les économies périphériques. Outre ces difficultés, ces pays affronteraient les limites écologiques du capitalisme. La relance du développement dans un nouveau stade exigeant la croissance économique, la justice sociale et la préservation de la nature amènerait à une rupture face au capitalisme.

Anti-poverty policies in Brazil: Reviewing the past ten years

This article reviews the main anti-poverty policies implemented in Brazil from the early 1990s to the early 2000s. These include focused and universal policies - such as education and health care - as well as the rural development, a 'middle ground' policy. Though the inter-municipal consortium, a new institutional arrangement gathering municipalities together, has emerged as a promising policy implementation tool, anti-poverty policies have faced implementation difficulties. Lack of coordination between different programs, even within the same policy area, has impaired their effectiveness. As a consequence, compensatory programs, based on monetary transfers to poor families, which face fewer implementation problems, have become the dominant type of anti-poverty policies in Brazil. Despite these shortcomings, a small Brazilian state, Santa Catarina, was able to reduce by 46 percent the number of individuals living in poverty in just ten years. This is a sign that fighting poverty can, after all, be a feasible endeavor. © 2004 IIAS, SAGE Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi).

Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2008-2009: Policies for creating quality jobs

Includes bibliography

Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2009-2010: The distributive impact of public policies

Includes bibliography

Economic survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2012: policies for an adverse international economy

Includes bibliography

Política cambiaria y los procesos de renegociación de la deuda externa = Exchange policies and the process of renegotiation

Incluye Bibliografía

A relação entre modernização neoliberal e práticas políticas atrasadas no Brasil dos anos 1990

Our goal is to investigate the reasons behind the presence of clientelist-type practices among the popular classes in Brazil, highlighting the decade of the 1990s. Our proposal gives salience to factors regarding the phenomenon's socio-political conjuncture, thereby taking us beyond explanations that rely exclusively on historical-cultural aspects or that sustain an economic bias. We use bibliographic and journalistic sources, from which we develop our own interpretation of the period. Thus, we observe that clientelist practices are encouraged to manifest themselves at the level of national political organization particularly within the federal sphere yet are also reflected at state and municipal levels, due to the coalition of political forces created through the implantation of a neoliberal project in Brazil. The latter has joined modern Brazilian social democracy and old regional oligarchies situated primarily within the PFL, PP, PTB and certain sectors of the PMDB, whose representatives are known for their attachment to patrimonialist and paternalistic practices. The inclusion of the latter in the conservative pact that has promoted neo-liberal political reform has thus meant awarding new value to such practices. Herein lies partial explanation for the vigor with which practices such as fisiologismo, apadrinhamento, abuse of state machinery, buying and selling of votes and clientelism have manifested themselves on the national scene over the course of the 1990s.

Latin American Economic Outlook 2013: SMEs policies for structural change

Includes bibliography

Export growth in Latin America: policies and performance

Includes bibliography

Mexico: export promotion policies on the cutting edge

Includes bibliography

Conclusions and recommendations: policies for export growth

Includes bibliography

How optimal are the extremes?: Latin American exchange rate policies during the Asian crisis

Includes bibliography

Reformas para América Latina después del fundamentalismo neoliberal

Incluye Bibliografía