Regeneration ecology and woody species diversity in the remnant natural forest at Wondo Genet, Ethiopia – Potential for landscape restoration

Regeneration ecology, diversity of native woody species and its potential for landscape restoration was studied in the remnant natural forest at the College of Forestry and Natural Resources at Wondo Genet, Ethiopia. The type of forest is Afromontane rainforest , with many valuable tree species like Aningeria adolfi-friederici, and it is an important provider of ecological, social and economical services for the population that lives in this area. The study contains two parts, natural regeneration studies (at the natural forest) and interviews with farmers in the nearby village of the remnant patch. The objective of the first part was to investigate the floristic composition, densitiy and regeneration profiles of native woody species in the forest, paying special attention to woody species that are considered the most relevant (socio-economic). The second part provided information on woody species preferred by the farmers and on multiple uses of the adjacent natural forest, it also provided information and analysed perceptions on forest degradation. Systematic plot sampling was used in the forest inventory. Twenty square plots of 20 x 20 m were assessed, with 38 identified woody species (the total number of species was 45), representing 26 families. Of these species 61% were trees, 13% shrubs, 11% lianas and 16% species that could have both life forms. An analysis of natural regeneration of five important tree species in the natural forest showed that Aningeria adolfi-friederici had the best regeneration results. An analysis of population structure (as determined by height classes) of two commercially important woody species in the forest, Aningeria adolfi-friederici and Podocarpus falcatus, showed a marked difference: Aningeria had a typical “reversed J” frequency distribution, while Podocarpus showed very low values in all height classes. Multi dimensional scaling (MDS) was used to map the sample plots according to their similarity in species composition, using the Sørensen quantitative index, coupled with indicator species analysis .Three groups were identified with respective indicator species: Group 1 – Adhatoda schimperiana, Group 2 – Olea hochstetteri , Group 3 – Acacia senegal and Aningeria adolfi-friederici. Thirty questionnaire interviews were conducted with farmers in the village of Gotu Onoma that use the nearby remant forest patch. Their tree preferences were exotic species such as Eucalyptus globulus for construction and fuelwood and Grevillea robusta for shade and fertility. Considering forest land degradation farmers were aware of the problem and suggested that the governmental institutions address the problem by planting more Eucalyptus globulus. The natural forest seemed to have moderate levels of disturbance and it was still floristically diverse. However, the low rate of natural regeneration of Podocarpus falcatus suggested that this species is threatened and must be a priority in conservation actions. Plantations and agroforestry seem to be possible solutions for rehabilitation of the surrounding degraded lands, thereby decreasing the existent pressure in the remnant natural forest.

Infrared spectra of trichloroacetates of copper, calcium, strontium and barium

Infrared spectra of trichloroacetates of Cu, Ca, Sr and Ba were studied in order to investigate the effect of coordination on the vibration spectra of the ligand. The shifts of the antisymmetric and symmetric COO- stretching frequencies are explained on the basis of the type of co-ordination of the COO- group to the metal ion. From the spectra it is established that the coordination of the COO- group to metal is different for trichloroacetates and monochloroacetates.

Basic and translational studies on species B adenoviruses

Human adenoviruses (Ads) have been classified into six species (A to F) currently containing 55 serotypes. For almost 2 decades vectors derived from group C serotype Ad5 have been extensively used for gene transfer studies. These Ad5 based vectors are able to efficiently infect many mammalian cell types (including both mitotic and post-mitotic cells) through interaction with a primary attachment receptor, the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Despite the many advantages of Ad5 based vectors a number of limitations have affected their therapeutic application to many diseases. Although they can transduce many tissue types, Ad5 based vectors are unable to efficiently transduce several potential disease target cell types, including hematopoietic stem cells and malignant tumor cells. Therefore, newer vectors have been developed based on Ad serotypes other than Ad5. This thesis focuses on species B Ads. Species B Ads are comprised of three groups based on their receptor usage. Group 1 of species B Ads (Ad16, 21, 35, 50) nearly exclusively utilize CD46 as a receptor; Group 2 (Ad3, Ad7, 14) share a common, unidentified receptor/s, which is not CD46 and which was tentatively named receptor X; Group 3 (Ad11) preferentially interacts with CD46, but also utilizes receptor X if CD46 is blocked. Species B group Ads are important human pathogens. Species B group 2 serotypes are isolated from patients with respiratory tract infections, whereas the Group 1 viruses are described as causing kidney and urinary tract infections. B-group Ad infections often occur in immunocompromised patients, including AIDS patients, recipients of bone marrow transplants, or chemotherapy patients. Recent studies performed in U.S. military training facilities indicate an emergence of diverse species B serotypes at the majority of sites. This included the group 1 serotype 21 and the group 2 serotypes 3, 7, and 14. CD46-targeting vectors derived from Ad35 and Ad11 are important tools for in vitro gene transfer into human stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Ad35 and Ad11 have been used as tools for cancer therapy, because CD46 appears to be uniformely overexpressed on many cancers. Furthermore, receptor X-targeting vectors, i.e vectors derived from Ad3 or vectors containing Ad3 fibers have shown superior in the transduction of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo and are currently being used clinically in cancer patients. While extensive basic virology studies have been done on Ad5, the information of species B group 1 interaction with CD46 is limited. Furthermore, the receptor for a major subgroup of species B Ads (receptor X) is unknown. The goal of this thesis was it therefore to better understand virological and translational aspects of species B Ads. The specific findings described in this thesis include i) the identification of CD46 binding sites within the Ad35 fiber knob, ii) the study of the in vitro and in vivo properties of Ad vectors with increased affinity to CD46. iii) the study of the receptor usage of a newly emergent Ad14a, iv) the identification of desmoglein 2 as the receptor for Ad3, Ad7, Ad11, and Ad14, v) the delineation of structural details of Ad3 virus interaction with DSG2, and vi) the analysis of functional consequences of Ad3-DSG2 interaction. As a result of these basic virology studies two Ad-derived recombinant proteins have been generated that can be used to enhance cancer therapy by monoclonal antibodies.

Diphosphazanes as Ligands: Links Betwen Phospeorus Ceiwistry and Organohetallic Cejmistry

The reactivity of several new acyclic, cyclic and bicyclic diphosphazanes towards Group-6 metal and iron carbonyls, and Pd, Pt and Rh derivatives has been studied. The structures of the products have been elucidated by IR and NMR spectroscopy and confirmed in a few instances by single crystal X-ray analyses.

Interaction of solid films of C60 and C70 with nickel

Interaction of varying coverages of Ni metal with solid films of C60 and C70 has been investigated by UV and X-ray photemission spectroscopy. The shifts in the valence bands of C60 (as well as of C70) with increasing Ni coverage accompanied by a shift of the C is level of the fullerene to lower binding energies suggest charge-transfer from the metal to the fullerene as in transition metal complexes of π-systems.

Nafion®-bound carbon electrodes containing transitionmetal phthalocyanines for oxygen reduction in solid-polymer-electrolyte fuel cells

Catalytic activities of some transition metal-phthalocyanine complexes towards electroreduction of molecular oxygen are examined on Nafion®-bound and bare porous carbon electrodes in 2.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte. It is found that these metal complexes exhibit better catalytic activities towards oxygen reduction with the Nafion®-bound electrodes.

Photocytotoxic organometallic compounds

Organometallic compounds have recently found applications in medicinal chemistry and as diagnostic tools in chemical biology. Naturally occurring biomolecules, viz., cobalamine, NiFe hydrogenase, Acetyl-CoA synthase, etc., also contain metal-carbon bonds. Among organometallic compounds having medicinal importance, (arene)ruthenium complexes, radioactive technetium complexes and ferrocene conjugates are notable ones. Applications of photoactive organometallic complexes or metal complexes conjugated with an organometallic moiety are of recent origin. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising method to treat cancer cells in presence of light. This review primarily focuses on different aspects of the chemistry of organometallic complexes showing photocytotoxic activities. Half-sandwich tungsten, iron or ruthenium complexes are known to show photonuclease and/or photo-crosslinking activity. Photoinduced organometallic CO releasing molecules also exert photocytotoxic activity. Attempts have been made in this review to highlight the photocytotoxic behavior of various metal complexes when conjugated with a photoactive organometallic moiety, viz., ferrocene.

New symmetrical dinucleating ligand based assembly of bridged dicopper(II) and dizinc(II) centers: Synthesis, structure, spectroscopy, magnetic properties and glycoside hydrolysis

Two dinuclear copper(II) complexes Li(H2O)(3)(CH3OH)](4)Cu2Br4]Cu-2(cpdp)(mu-O2CCH3)](4)(OH)(2) (1), Cu (H2O)(4)]Cu-2(cpdp)(mu-O2CC6H5)](2)Cl-2 center dot 5H(2)O (2), and a dinuclear zinc(II) complex Zn-2(cpdp)(mu-O2CCH3)] (3) have been synthesized using pyridine and benzoate functionality based new symmetrical dinucleating ligand, N, N'-Bis2-carboxybenzomethyl]-N, N'-Bis2-pyridylmethyl]-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol (H(3)cpdp). Complexes 1, 2 and 3 have been synthesized by carrying out reaction of the ligand H3cpdp with stoichiometric amounts of Cu-2(O2CCH3)(4)(H2O)(2)], CuCl2 center dot 2H(2)O/C6H5COONa, and Zn(CH3COO)(2)center dot 2H(2)O, respectively, in methanol in the presence of NaOH at ambient temperature. Characterizations of the complexes have been done using various analytical techniques including single crystal X-ray structure determination. The X-ray crystal structure analyses reveal that the copper(II) ions in complexes 1 and 2 are in a distorted square pyramidal geometry with Cu-Cu separation of 3.455(8) angstrom and 3.492(1)angstrom, respectively. The DFT optimized structure of complex 3 indicates that two zinc(II) ions are in a distorted square pyramidal geometry with Zn-Zn separation of 3.492(8)angstrom. UV-Vis and mass spectrometric analyses of the complexes confirm their dimeric nature in solution. Furthermore, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopic investigations authenticate the integrity of complex 3 in solution. Variable-temperature (2-300 K) magnetic susceptibility measurements show the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions between the copper centers, with J = -26.0 cm(-1) and -23.9 cm(-1) ((H) over cap = -2JS(1)S(2)) in complexes 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, glycosidase-like activity of the complexes has been investigated in aqueous solution at pH similar to 10.5 by UV-Vis spectrophotometric technique using p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (4) and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5) as model substrates. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Proceedings of the PICES/CoML/IPRC Workshop on Impact of Climate Variability on Observation and Prediction of Ecosystem and Biodiversity Changes in the North Pacific

Table of Contents [pdf, 0.09 Mb] Section I - Presentations and Discussions at Plenary Sessions Introduction and Overview of Workshop Objectives [pdf, 0.07 Mb] Plenary Session Presentations [pdf, 2.23 Mb] Reports of the Breakout Group Discussions [pdf, 0.43 Mb] Closing Plenary Discussion and Recommendations [pdf, 0.11 Mb] Section II - Extended Abstracts of Individual Presentations at Breakout Group Sessions Breakout Group 1: Physical/Chemical Oceanography and Climate [pdf, 6.14 Mb] Breakout Group 2: Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, Micronekton and Benthos [pdf, 28.14 Mb] Breakout Group 3: Fish, Squid, Crabs and Shrimps [pdf, 4.30 Mb] Breakout Group 4: Highly Migratory Fishes, Seabirds and Marine Mammals [pdf, 6.27 Mb] Appendix 1. Workshop agenda [pdf, 0.15 Mb] Appendix 2. List of participants [pdf, 0.13 Mb] (Document pdf contains 216 pages)

Characterization of rural livelihood of Lake Chad basin fishermen

The study examined the characterization of rural livelihood of the fishermen in the Nigeria portion of Lake Chad Basin are as part of European Commission (EC) founded project entitled "Sustainable development of continental fisheries; a regional study of policy options and policy formation mechanisms for the Lake Chad Basin" Wealth ranking exercise which was not based on real income but on production capacity of the fishermen was carried out in twenty (20) villages survey on the western part of the region using Rapid Rural Appraisal Technique with semi- structured interviews. The different activities carried out by the villagers for living were identified according to their socio-economic status. This was followed by an assessment of the socio-economic characterization within each wealth group. Series of comparative analysis of the ethnic composition, accessibility of fishing gear ownership by the population were done. The results show that the 3 wealth groups in the region include the rich (Group 1) the middle class (Group 2) and the poor (Group 3). It was identified that fishing is just one component of the socio-economic production system along side farming, livestock rearing and trading which are closely integrated. The diversified livelihood system being practiced in the Chad Basin region are not only less vulnerable but also more sustainable

The application of metallointercalators in recognition of and charge transport in nucleic acids

Metal complexes that utilize the 9,10-phenanthrene quinone diimine (phi) moiety bind to DNA through the major groove. These metallointercalators can recognize DNA sites and perform reactions on DNA as a substrate. The site-specific metallointercalator Λ-1-Rh(MGP)_2phi^(5+) competitively disrupts the major groove binding of a transcription factor, yAP-1, from an oligonucleotide that contains a common binding site. The demonstration that metal complexes can prevent transcription factor binding to DNA site-specifically is an important step in using metallointercalators as therapeutics.

The distinctive photochemistry of metallointercalators can also be applied to promote long range charge transport in DNA. Experiments using duplexes with regions 4 to 10 nucleotides long containing strictly adenine and thymine sequences of varying order showed that radical migration is more dependent on the sequence of bases, and less dependent on the distance between the guanine doublets. This result suggests that mechanistic proposals of long range charge transport must involve all the bases.

RNA/DNA hybrids show charge migration to guanines from a remote site, thus demonstrating that nucleic acid stacking other than B-form can serve as a radical bridge. Double crossover DNA assemblies also provide a medium for charge transport at distances up to 100 Å from the site of radical introduction by a tethered metal complex. This radical migration was found to be robust to mismatches, and limited to individual, electronically distinct base stacks. In single DNA crossover assemblies, which have considerably greater flexibility, charge migration proceeds to both base stacks due to conformational isomers not present in the rigid and tightly annealed double crossovers.

Finally, a rapid, efficient, gel-based technique was developed to investigate thymine dimer repair. Two oligonucleotides, one radioactively labeled, are photoligated via the bases of a thymine-thymine interface; reversal of this ligation is easily visualized by gel electrophoresis. This assay was used to show that the repair of thymine dimers from a distance through DNA charge transport can be accomplished with different photooxidants.

Thus, nucleic acids that support long range charge transport have been shown to include A-track DNA, RNA/DNA hybrids, and single and double crossovers, and a method for thymine dimer repair detection using charge transport was developed. These observations underscore and extend the remarkable finding that DNA can serve a medium for charge transport via the heteroaromatic base stack.

Influência da associação de catalisadores químicos na cimentação de pinos pré-fabricados de fibra de vidro

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a Influência da associação de catalisadores químicos junto a diferentes sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes e cimentos resinosos de dupla polimerização, na cimentação de pinos pré-fabricados de fibra de vidro, quanto a sua resistência ao cisalhamento por extrusão - push out, seu grau de conversão e nanoinfiltração. Foram utilizadas trinta raízes bovinas extraídas, que tiveram seus canais obturados com guta-percha termoplastificada, divididas em três grupos: G1 - Adper SE Plus /Rely X ARC; G2- Adper SE Plus / Catalisador Scotchbond + Rely X ARC ; G3- Clearfil SE Bond / ED Primer + Panavia F. Após a cimentação dos pinos foram obtidas fatias das raízes, com 1mm de espessura, dos terços cervical (C), médio (M) e apical (A). O ensaio de resistência ao cisalhamento por extrusão foi realizado em máquina de ensaio universal EMIC D500 com carga de 100KN à velocidade de 1,0 mm/min, até o deslocamento do pino. Os dados obtidos no ensaio foram tabulados e submetidos à análise estatística. A análise de variância a dois critérios mostrou que apenas os fatores grupo e profundidade foram significativos, não sendo significativa a sua interação. O resultado do teste de Tukey (ρ≥0,05), para o fator grupo, mostrou que a menor média de resistência ao cisalhamento por extrusão foi obtida pelo grupo 3, que apresentou diferença estatística significativa para os grupos 1 e 2 que não diferiram entre si. Para o fator Profundidade a maior média foi obtida no terço cervical que apresentou diferença estatística significativa para os terços médio e apical que não diferiram entre si: A análise do grau de conversão foi feita após vinte e quatro horas e os fatores estudados foram os cimentos resinosos Panavia F e Rely X ARC e os catalisadores químicos ED Primer e Catalisador Scotchbond, na forma incorporada ou aplicada superficialmente aos cimentos, formando 10 grupos experimentais. Para o grau de conversão, o teste de Tukey mostrou que o catalisador químico não aumentou o grau de conversão do RelyX ARC, já para o Panavia F, este aumentou significativamente seu grau de conversão. Quanto a análise em MEV da nanoinfiltração para o fator grupo, o resultado do teste de Tukey (ρ≥0,05) mostrou que a maior média foi obtida pelo grupo 3 que apresentou diferença estatística significativa para os grupos 1 e 2, que não diferiram entre si. Para o fator Profundidade a maior média foi obtida no terço apical que apresentou diferença estatística significativa para o terço cervical, que não diferiu do terço médio. Conclusões: 1- A associação de catalisadores químicos não aumentou a resistência ao cisalhamento por extrusão dos pinos de fibra de vidro. 2- O cimento Panavia F é dependente de catalisador aumentar o grau de conversão. 3- A associação de catalisadores químicos não foi capaz de alterar o padrão da camada híbrida, representado pela nanoinfiltração. 4- A nanoinfiltração está associada inversamente ao grau de conversão dos sistemas de cimentação, o que contribui negativamente para a resistência adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro.

Avaliação de Correlações e Equações de Estado para Determinação de Fatores de Compressibilidade de Gás Natural

O fator de compressibilidade (Z) de gás natural é utilizado em vários cálculos na engenharia de petróleo (avaliação de formações, perda de carga em tubulações, gradiente de pressão em poços de gás, cálculos de balanço de massa, medição de gás, compressão e processamento de gás). As fontes mais comuns de valores de Z são medições experimentais, caras e demoradas. Essa propriedade também é estimada por correlações empíricas, modelos baseados no princípio dos estados correspondentes ou equações de estado (EOS). Foram avaliadas as capacidades das EOS de Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK), Peng-Robinson (PR), Patel-Teja (PT), Patel-Teja-Valderrama (PTV), Schmidt-Wenzel (SW), Lawal-Lake-Silberberg (LLS) e AGA-8 para previsão desta propriedade em aproximadamente 2200 pontos de dados experimentais. Estes pontos foram divididos em quatro grupos: Grupo 1 (Presença de frações C7+, Grupo 2 (temperaturas inferiores a 258,15 K), Grupo 3 (pressões superiores a 10000 kPa) e Grupo 4 (pressões inferiores a 10000 kPa). Os cálculos utilizando as equações de estado sob diferentes esquemas de previsão de coeficientes binários de interação foram cuidadosamente investigados. Os resultados sugerem que a EOS AGA-8 apresenta os menores erros para pressões de até 70000 kPa. Entretanto, observou-se uma tendência de aumento nos desvios médios absolutos em função das concentrações de CO2 e H2S. As EOS PTV e a EOS SW são capazes de predizer o fator de compressibilidade (Z) com desvios médios absolutos entre os valores calculados e experimentais com precisão satisfatória para a maioria das aplicações, para uma variada faixa de temperatura e pressão. Este estudo também apresenta uma avaliação de 224 métodos de cálculo de Z onde foram utilizadas 8 correlações combinadas com 4 regras de mistura para estimativa de temperaturas e pressões pseudorreduzidas das amostras, junto com 7 métodos de caracterização das propriedades críticas da fração C7+, quando presente na composição do gás. Em função dos resultados são sugeridas, para diferentes tipos de sistemas, as melhores combinações de correlações com regras de mistura capazes de predizer fatores de compressibilidade (Z) com os menores erros absolutos médios relativos

Avaliação difratográfica da microestrutura de três resinas compostas submetidas à aplicação de um agente clareador a base de peróxido de hidrogênio

A odontologia moderna utiliza métodos e técnicas ultraconservadores no intuito de corrigir os diversos tipos de alterações cromáticas observadas clinicamente. Os meios empregados baseiam-se na utilização de substâncias químicas à base de peróxidos presentes em diversas concentrações. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a microestrutura de três resinas compostas fotossensíveis submetidas à aplicação de um agente clareador a base de peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% (Whiteness HP Maxx - fabricante: FGM), ativado por uma fonte híbrida de energia luminosa (Aparelho de Laser-Led Whitening Lase, fabricante: DMC). Para isso, foram confeccionados 30 corpos de prova (CDP) 10 para cada grupo, no formato de discos, com 13 mm de diâmetro e 2,0 mm de espessura em uma matriz de teflon e aço inox, fotoativados por um aparelho de luz halógena convencional (Optilux 401 - Demetron/UR) por 40 segundos com densidade de potência média igual a 450 mW/cm2. Os grupos foram dispostos da seguinte forma: Grupo 1 - resina microparticulada (Durafill VS - fabricante: Heraeus Kulzer); Grupo 2 - resina micro-híbrida (Esthet-X - fabricante: Dentsply); e Grupo 3 resina nanoparticulada (Filtek Supreme XT fabricante: 3M ESPE). Todos os materiais restauradores utilizados eram da cor A2. Após serem submetidos à sequência de acabamento e polimento os CDP foram armazenados por sete dias em saliva artificial, limpos em ultra-som, envelhecidos artificialmente de acordo com a norma ASTM G 154. Os CDP dos três grupos foram aleatoriamente divididos em 2 subgrupos (ST sem tratamento e CT com tratamento) e finalmente submetidos aos experimentos. Os CDP dos subgrupos 1-ST, 2- ST e 3-ST foram triturados (SPEX SamplePrep 8000-series, marca: Mixer/Mills) seguido pela verificação dos materiais por meio de um espectrômetro (marca/modelo: Shimadzu EDX 720) para certificação da ausência de elementos pertencentes ao meio de moagem e por fim foram levados a um difrator de raios-X (marca / modelo: Philips -PW 3040 -X'Celerator- 40kV; 30mA; (λ): CuKα; 0,6; 0,2mm; 0,05 (2θ); 2s; 10-90 (2θ). Em seguida os CDP dos subgrupos 1-CT, 2- CT e 3-CT foram tratados com o peróxido de hidrogênio de acordo com o protocolo do fabricante para a fonte híbrida luminosa de energia selecionada, totalizando 9 aplicações de 10 minutos, onde eram respeitados os tempos de 3 minutos de ativação por 20 segundos de descanso, finalizando 10 minutos em cada aplicação. Mediante a este tratamento, os CDP dos subgrupos CT eram verificados e avaliados pelo mesmo método descrito anteriormente. Após interpretação gráfica, análise comparativa por meio do processamento digital das imagens no programa KS400 3.0 (Carl Zeiss Vision) e análise de concordância por cinco avaliadores calibrados utilizando um escore, pôde-se concluir que houve degradação estrutural e que as estruturas cristalinas das resinas estudadas foram afetadas de forma distinta quando tratadas pelo peróxido de hidrogênio; onde observou-se que: Grupo 1 > Grupo 3 > Grupo 2. Foi sugerido a realização de novos estudos, relacionados à interação do peróxido de hidrogênio às resinas compostas.

Efeito de um primer autocondicionante na resistência ao cisalhamento de bráquetes com compósito pré-incorporado

O uso de primers autocondicionantes e de bráquetes com compósito pré-incorporado tem sido apresentado como uma alternativa para a redução de passos clínicos. O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de um primer autocondicionante (Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer - SEP) na resistência ao cisalhamento de bráquetes com compósito pré-incorporado colados in vivo. A amostra consistiu de 92 dentes obtidos de 23 pacientes com indicação prévia de extração de 4 pré-molares. Os dentes foram divididos em 4 grupos, sendo os bráquetes colados pelo mesmo operador, alternando os quadrantes em cada paciente: Grupo 1 (controle) - Ácido fosfórico à 37% + primer (Transbond XT Primer) + compósito (Transbond XT Adhesive Paste) + bráquete convencional; Grupo 2 - Ácido fosfórico à 37% + primer + bráquete com compósito pré-incorporado; Grupo 3 SEP + compósito + bráquete convencional; Grupo 4 - SEP + bráquete com compósito pré-incorporado. Após 30 dias os pré-molares foram extraídos, sendo submetidos ao teste de resistência ao cisalhamento através da uma Máquina de Ensaios Universal, com velocidade de 0,5mm/min. Os dados obtidos pelos grupos foram analisados com 2-way ANOVA (p<0,05). As forças médias e desvios padrão obtidos foram os seguintes: Grupo 1 = 11,35 (2,36) MPa; Grupo 2 = 9,77 (2,49) MPa; Grupo 3 = 10,89 (2,60) MPa; e Grupo 4 = 10,16 (2,75) MPa. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre o uso do SEP e o de condicionador e primer tradicionais (p = 0,948). De qualquer modo, diferenças significativas na força de adesão foram observadas quando utilizados bráquetes com compósito pré-incorporado (p = 0,032). Pode ser concluído que a combinação do primer autocondicionante com o bráquete com compósito pré-incorporado apresentou valores de força de adesão adequados, sendo promissora para uso clínico.