¿“Primavera árabe” o reconfiguración imperial?: esperanzas y límites de la movilización social en el Medio Oriente (Coyuntura)

El presente artículo no pretende aportar respuestas definitivas a las preguntas formuladas, menos alimentar pronósticos. Busca, de manera crítica, fomentar el planteamiento de nuevas interrogaciones que contribuyan a un acercamiento científico, es decir anti-mediático, respecto de fenómenos presentes en la actualidad del Medio Oriente. ¿La fuerza espontánea de la movilización social logrará superar la inercia de las dinámicas imperiales que ritmaron la historia política del Medio Oriente? ¿Podrá romper las cadenas del círculo vicioso de la maldición de la abundancia? Estas preguntas quedan enteras. Sin embargo, una posible respuesta no se verá en la mal llamada “primavera árabe” un fin en sí, sino el comienzo de un despertar colectivo. El fortalecimiento de las capacidades organizativas y movilizadoras de las masas populares del Medio Oriente constituye, sin duda, un primer paso fundamental para el arranque de un proceso histórico nuevo, dominado por los afanes de emancipación.

El modernismo de la capital y su diálogo con la lírica portuaria

presente estudio tiene como cometido central discutir el efecto de la labor poética de los modernistas de la capital en la obra de los modernistas guayaquileños, a lo largo de las dos primeras décadas del siglo XX, pues, comenzado1910, la obra de Arturo Borja fue ampliamente recibida y comentada con entusiasmo por los modernistas portuarios, así como la de Humberto Fierro y Ernesto Noboa Caamaño. Por eso, la motivación principal de este ensayo es establecer, por un lado, las características y los ejemplos que hacen de la figura de Borja un „gran padre‟ de la poesía modernista en el Ecuador, y, por otro, estudiar los modos en que su obra literaria dialoga con la que construyeron los poetas precursores del modernismo agrupados en El Telégrafo Literario y, después, con la obra de Medardo Ángel Silva, hito del modernismo ecuatoriano. Este estudio tomará en cuenta lo que se ha dado en llamar “el círculo modernista” en la capital ecuatoriana.

O jornal e os discursos sobre a droga a produção de sentidos sobre as medidas de enfrentamento do crack presentes n\2018O Globo em 2013

Partindo da premissa de que o jornal é um espaço privilegiado para a oferta de sentidos sobre o mundo, esta pesquisa tem como proposta investigar o modo como o jornal O Globo, construiu e fez circular os sentidos sobre as drogas, principalmente o crack, em 2013. Do ponto de vista da saúde pública, neste ano, travou-se o debate em torno da votação do PL 7663/2010 que, entre outros aspectos, propõe mudanças na legislação referente às alternativas de tratamento da dependência química. Nosso corpus de análise é formado pelos textos publicados n\2019O Globo, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2013, que abordaram o eixo crack, internação compulsória e Projeto de Lei 7663/2010. Como referências teórico-metodológicas utilizamos os postulados da Semiologia dos Discursos Sociais, trabalhando ainda conceitos propostos por teóricos como Pierre Bourdieu, Mikhail Bakhtin, Eliseo Verón, Muniz Sodré e Michel Foucault a partir de reflexões sobre campo social, discurso, poder e midiatização. Tomando por base as construções enunciativas analisadas, destacamos que apesar de mostrar-se contrário a alguns aspectos da internação, o jornal O Globo defendia a mesma como alternativa para conter a epidemia de crack

Ozone climatology using interactive chemistry: results from the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model

The climatology of ozone produced by the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) is presented. This three-dimensional global model incorporates the radiative feedbacks of ozone and water vapor calculated on-line with a photochemical module. This module includes a comprehensive gas-phase reaction set and a limited set of heterogeneous reactions to account for processes occurring on background sulphate aerosols. While transport is global, photochemistry is solved from about 400 hPa to the top of the model at ∼95 km. This approach provides a complete and comprehensive representation of transport, emission, and photochemistry of various constituents from the surface to the mesopause region. A comparison of model results with observations indicates that the ozone distribution and variability are in agreement with observations throughout most of the model domain. Column ozone annual variation is represented to within 5–10% of the observations except in the Southern Hemisphere for springtime high latitudes. The vertical ozone distribution is generally well represented by the model up to the mesopause region. Nevertheless, in the upper stratosphere, the model generally underestimates the amount of ozone as well as the latitudinal tilting of ozone isopleths at high latitude. Ozone variability is analyzed and compared with measurements. The comparison shows that the phase and amplitude of the seasonal variation as well as shorter timescale variations are well represented by the model at various latitudes and heights. Finally, the impact of incorporating ozone radiative feedback on the model climatology is isolated. It is found that the incorporation of ozone radiative feedback results in a cooling of ∼8 K in the summer stratopause region, which corrects a warm bias that results when climatological ozone is used.

Teaching and learning Chinese: heritage language classroom discourse in Montreal

This paper explores issues of teaching and learning Chinese as a heritage language in a Chinese heritage language school, the Zhonguo Saturday School, in Montreal, Quebec. With a student population of more than 1000, this school is the largest of the eight Chinese Heritage Language schools in Montreal. Students participating in this study were from seven different classes (grade K, two, three, four, five, six, and special class), their ages ranging from 4 to 13 years. The study took place over a period of two years between 2000 and 2002. Focusing on primary level classroom discourse and drawing on the works of Vygotsky and Bakhtin, I examine how teachers and students use language to communicate, and how their communication mediates teaching, learning and heritage language acquisition. Data sources include classroom observations, interviews with students and their teachers, students’ writings, and video and audio taping of classroom activities. Implications for heritage language development and maintenance are discussed with reference to the findings of this study.

TRANSITIVE CIRCLE EXCHANGE TRANSFORMATIONS WITH FLIPS

We study the existence of transit we exchange transformations with flips defined on the unit circle S(1). We provide a complete answer to the question of whether there exists a transitive exchange transformation of S(1) defined on a subintervals and having f flips.

Exchange transformations reversing orientation

University of Sao Paulo (USP)

Understanding Foreign Masters : the examples of Rabindranath Tagore and Fyodor Dostoyevskiy

The Indian author Rabindranath Tagore was received like royalty during his visits to the West after winning the Nobel Prize in 1913. Dreams of foreign cultures offered a retreat from a complicated age. In a time when the West appeared to be living under threat of disintegration and when industrialism seemed like a cul-de-sac, he appeared to offer the promise of a return to a lost paradise, a spiritual abode that is superior to the restless Western culture. However, Tagore’s popularity faded rapidly, most notably in England, the main target of his criticism. Soon after Tagore had won the Nobel Prize, the English became indignant at Tagore’s anti-colonial attitude.Tagore visited Sweden in 1921 and 1926 and was given a warm reception. His visits to Sweden can be seen as an episode in a longer chain of events. It brought to life old conceptions of India as the abode of spirituality on earth. Nevertheless, interest in him was a relatively short-lived phenomenon in Sweden. Only a few of his admirers in Sweden appreciated the complexity of Tagore’s achievements. His “anathema of mammonism”, as a Swedish newspaper called it, was not properly received. After a steady stream of translations his popularity flagged towards the end of the 1920s and then almost disappeared entirely. Tagores visits in Sweden gave an indication that India was on the way to liberate itself from its colonial legacy, which consequently contributed to the waning of his popularity in the West. In the long run, his criticism of the drawbacks in the western world became too obvious to maintain permanent interest. The Russian author Fyodor Dostoyevskiy’s Crime and Punishment (1866) has enticed numerous interpretations such as the purely biographical approach. In the nervous main character of the novel, the young student Raskolnikov, one easily recognizes Dostoyevskiy himself. The novel can also be seen as a masterpiece of realistic fiction. It gives a broad picture of Saint Petersburg, a metropolis in decay. Crime and Punishment can also be seen as one of the first examples of a modern psychological novel, since it is focused on the inner drama of its main character, the young student Raskolnikov. His actions seem to be governed by mere coincidences, dreams and the spur of the moment. it seems fruitful to study the novel from a psychoanalytical approach. In his book Raskolnikov: the way of the divided towards unity in Crime and Punishment (1982), a Swedish scholar, Owe Wikström, has followed this line of interpretation all the way to Freud’s disciple C G Jung. In addition to this, the novel functions as an exciting crime story. To a large extent it is Viktor Sjklovskij and other Russian formalists from the 1920s and onwards who have taught the western audience to understand the specific nature of the crime story. The novel could be seen as a story about religious conversion. Like Lasarus in the Bible (whose story attracts a lot of attention in the novel) Raskolnikov is awakened from the dead, and together with Sonja he starts a completely new life. The theme of conversion has a special meaning for Dostoyevskiy. For him the conversion meant an acknowledgement of the specific nature of Russia itself. Crime and punishment mirrors the conflict between traditional Russian values and western influences that has been obvious in Russia throughout the history of the country. The novel reflects a dialogue that still continues in Russian society. The Russian literary historian Mikhail Bakhtin, who is probably the most famous interpreter of the works of Dostoyevskiy, has become famous precisely by emphasizing the importance of dialogues in novels like Crime and Punishment. According to Bakhtin, this novel is characterized by its multitude of voices. Various ideas are confronted with each other, and each one of them is personified by one of the characters in the novel. The author has resigned from his position as the superior monitor of the text, and he leaves it to the reader to decide what interpretation is the correct one..The aim of the present study is thus to analyze the complex reactions in the west to Tagore’s visits in Sweden and to Fyodor Dostoyevskiys novel Crime and Punishment.. This leads to more general conclusions on communication between cultures.

Etniska stereotyper på film : med utgångspunkt i amerikansk film med ryska motiv (2008-2011)

Filmmediet idag är den mest populära formen av masskultur. Med sin världstäckande genomslagskraft och sitt stereotypa porträtterande av verklighet, påverkar filmen världsåskådningen för människor runtom i världen. Ett brinnande ämne i amerikansk film har alltid varit Ryssland, på grund av de politiska motsättningarna och den historiska rivaliteten med USA. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur Ryssland porträtteras i amerikanska filmer från perioden för presidenterna Dmitrij Medvedevs respektive Barack Obamas första mandatperiod. Frågeställningen för uppsatsen är: hur ser stereotypa föreställningar om Ryssland ut i amerikansk film 2008-2011? Trettiotal filmer med ryska motiv valdes ut för undersökningen och analyserades utifrån de visuella och sociala aspekterna. Resultatet visar på att det förekommer tre skikt av stereotyper om Ryssland: de eviga, som har existerat i hundratals år och spridits av resenärer; stereotyper från epoken för det kalla kriget; och stereotyper om det moderna Ryssland inspirerade av medias nyhetsrapporteringar.

Atsuko Suga: Vivir en el viaje entre dos mundos

Atsuko Suga –Vivir entre dos culturas y dos idiomas Atsuko Suga (1929-1998) es la autora/traductora japonesa, que merece el título de un viajero entre Europa y Japón más que nadie  en el tiempo moderno. Su primer viaje a Europa fue en 1953 para estudiar en Francia. La época era después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, y ella era de la primera generación de las mujeres japonesas que estudiaba en Europa. Sin embargo, su conexión más fuerte con Europa era con Italia. Después de haber vuelto a Japón en el año 1955, se trasladó a Roma, primero para estudiar Sociología pero después cambiando el campo de estudio a literatura. Sin embargo Suga no era una estudiante extranjera cualquiera, como su interés estaba en uno de los movimientos sociales en Italia en esta época, Liberalismo Católico. Siendo católica ella misma, su interés yacía en la búsqueda del punto donde la religión podía fundirse con el activismo social. Se acercó a David. M. Turoldo (1916-1992) que representaba el círculo de la Librería Corsia dei Servi, que fue muy activo en el movimiento. Su matrimonio con uno de los líderes del círculo, Giuseppe Ricca, en el año 1961 parecía ser un movimiento que concretara su vínculo con Europa. Sin embargo, la muerte trágica de Giuseppe después de solo X años de matrimonio dejó Atsuko otra vez en la posición entre Europa y Japón. No solo en su vida privada, sino en su vida profesional también, Suga se puso entre dos culturas y dos idiomas, empezando a traducir una serie de las obras de la literatura moderna japonesa al italiano, incluso los autores más famosos como Yasunari Kawabata y Shozo Unno. Algunas obras fueron traducidas por la primera vez en Europa. Después de la muerte de su marido, ella seguía con las traducciones, hasta que decidiera a volver a Japón en el año 1971. Una vez traslada a Japón, empezó a traducir numerosas novelas y poesía italiana al japonés, presentándolas a la audiencia japonesa por la primera vez. Sus traducciones incluye las obras de Italo Calvino y Antonio Tabucchi entre otras. Suga empezó a escribir sus propias obras que son entre la novela y el ensayo sobre su vida en ambas culturas, cuando tenía ya más de 60 años. En la ponencia, se presentará las obras y la vida de esta figura más especial que vivía entre Europa y Japón.

"Porque quiero casarme con un varón hermoso de la orilla del mar" Un análisis de lo grotesco femenino de María Josefa en La casa de Bernarda Alba

This essay is an analysis of the character María Josefa in the play 'The House of Bernarda Alba' (1936) by Federico García Lorca. It is hypothesized that the character of María Josefa can be considered a distorting mirror of the femininity presented in the play, and that through María Josefa this femininity is both revealed and problematized. The analysis adopts theories from the field of the (female) grotesque, using terminology both from Mikhail Bakhtin and Mary Russo. Throughout the analysis it is demonstrated how the character of María Josefa challenges the boundaries and norms which are dictated by Bernarda to control the women of the house. These conventions are challenged by María Josefa with the use of her loud speech, her dressed up appearance, and in her physical resistance. In this manner María Josefa is creating and embodying an alternate feminine view that is uncovered through her consistent provocation and by making herself into "a spectacle", a transboundary behaviour that is well interpreted within the theories of carnival, the grotesque body, and the spectacle of the female grotesque.

Inovação, cooperação e relações entre empresas: um estudo sobre o projeto APL metalmecânico na região do Grande ABC

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Mestrado em Administração da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS

Educação e exclusão : uma abordagem ancorada no pensamento de Karl Marx

Este trabalho discute o conceito de exclusão social e suas implicações na educação, tomando como fundamento teórico o pensamento de Karl Marx. Seu objetivo é possibilitar embasamento conceitual sólido para as pesquisas no campo da educação, bem como a articulação de uma rede categorial adequada para a compreensão e intervenção nos fenômenos educativos. Inicialmente, é feita uma exposição do conjunto da obra de Marx, sob a perspectiva temática da exclusão. Em seguida, é investigado o fenômeno da exclusão social na literatura contemporânea, tanto nas ciências sociais, em geral, quanto na educação, em particular. Como resultado da pesquisa, concluiu-se que: 1) o círculo exclusão/inclusão é constitutivo necessário da lógica do capital, como condicionante de seu processo; 2) o conceito exclusão pode ter valor analítico, dentro de uma rede categorial complexa, como instrumento de reflexão do aparecer imediato do sistema do capital.

O processo gerencial de uma organização filantrópica : um estudo de caso

Trata-se de um estudo de caso, realizado no Círculo Operário Caxiense, entidade sem fins lucrativos, de caráter filantrópico, localizada em Caxias do Sul. O estudo desenvolveu-se por meio de pesquisa, baseada em entrevistas semi-estruturadas, e identificou a estrutura organizacional com o objetivo de obter informações quanto à forma de conduzir as decisões, averiguando se as mesmas, quando tomadas, levaram em consideração somente os aspectos sociais que seriam atingidos pelas decisões ou analisavam os aspectos econômicos e financeiros da entidade: ou seja, pode a instituição, sem informações de cunho econômico e financeiro, tomar decisões de aplicação de recursos em ações sociais? Como se trata de entidade de cunho filantrópico, que mantém uma série de atividades ligadas à saúde, tais como Odontologia, Psicologia, Planos de Saúde, entre outras, das quais a principal nos últimos seis anos é a administração de um hospital geral, este estudo analisará se a dinâmica e complexidade dos mundos hospitalares (Mintzberg, 1997) pode ser aplicada a toda a instituição em modelo adaptado, com a finalidade de identificar melhor a estrutura organizacional.