Biofertilizantes afetando a emergência e a massa seca em coentro.

Os biofertilizantes, resultantes da fermentação de estercos ou de material vegetal, são insumos alternativos. Por outro lado, o coentro é uma hortaliça folhosa condimentar de grande expressão socioeconômica no norte e nordeste do Brasil. Objetivou-se testar diferentes biofertilizantes em coentro, cv. Verdão, em casa de vegetação, na Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental (Iranduba-AM), de 12/11/13 a 28/11/13.

Aumento de massa seca em plantas de milho adubadas com compostos orgânicos enriquecidos com rochas.

2016

Sviluppo di un modello matematico per il controllo della massa iniettata da un iniettore GDI benzina ad alta pressione

Una delle principali sfide odierne è la volontà di ridurre l’impatto ambientale, causato dalle attività umane, riducendo le emissioni inquinanti. Per questo motivo, negli ultimi anni, i requisiti di omologazione dei motori a combustione interna sono diventati sempre più selettivi, evidenziando la necessità di utilizzare nuove e più avanzate tecnologie. Tra le possibili alternative, le nuove tecnologie che forniscono i risultati più promettenti sono le cosiddette Low Temperature Combustions (LTC). Una di esse è la Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) che è caratterizzata da una combustione mediante il processo di auto-accensione di un carburante tipo benzina ed è in grado di ottenere un’elevata efficienza con ridotte emissioni inquinanti. Per poter controllare correttamente una combustione GCI, è necessario realizzare un pattern di iniezioni consecutive al fine di raggiungere le condizioni termodinamiche nel cilindro per garantire l’auto-accensione della benzina. I principali problemi dovuti alla realizzazione di un’iniezione multipla sono la generazione di onde di alta pressione nel condotto di iniezione e, nel caso di iniettori Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) solenoidali, la magnetizzazione residua dei coil dello stesso. Sia le onde di pressione che la magnetizzazione residua comportano una variazione di massa iniettata rispetto al valore previsto. In questo elaborato è presentato un modello matematico realizzato per compensare le variazioni di massa che avvengono durante un pattern di due iniezioni consecutive in un iniettore GDI benzina ad alta pressione. Con tale modello, è possibile correggere i parametri che caratterizzano le iniezioni per introdurre il quantitativo desiderato di benzina indipendentemente dal pattern selezionato.

Analisi del ritmo alpha in meccanismi di attenzione spaziale e semantica attraverso un modello di massa neuronale

L’analisi dell’attività cerebrale rivela la presenza di oscillazioni sincrone che coprono un ampio spettro di frequenze e che possono essere rilevate mediante elettroencefalografia (EEG), magnetoencefalografia (MEG) o elettrocorticografia (ECoG). Si presume che esse svolgano un ruolo cruciale in molti importanti processi della corteccia e nell’associazione tra diverse funzioni. Il presente lavoro si pone come obiettivo quello di dimostrare come il ruolo di questi ritmi, in particolare di alpha (8-13 Hz) e di gamma (> 30 Hz), sia fondamentale in meccanismi di attenzione spaziale e semantica. A questo scopo, sono stati perfezionati modelli di massa neuronale esistenti per svilupparne uno in grado di simulare i meccanismi alla base dell’ipotesi di “inhibition timing”, secondo la quale un aumento di potenza in banda alpha permette di ignorare input irrilevanti per il compito. Sono stati, poi, simulati meccanismi di neurodegenerazione causati dalla schizofrenia, patologia correlata ad alterazioni nella neurotrasmissione GABAergica e ad una riduzione nella sincronia e nella potenza della banda gamma, riconducibile ai deficit cognitivi tipici della malattia.

Calculadora de índice de massa corporal (IMC)

Apresenta a formula para o calculo do índice de massa corporal e tabela com os dados clínicos para constatação de sobrepeso ou não.

Incentivo à mudança do estilo de vida visando a redução do índice de massa corporal na comunidade

A obesidade é uma doença caracterizada pelo acúmulo de gordura corporal excessiva no organismo dos indivíduos. Considerada como um problema de saúde pública, a obesidade traz uma série de patologias que prejudicam a saúde da população. A vida moderna, associada a hábitos alimentares inadequados e ao sedentarismo são os maiores agravantes deste problema. Estas evidências comprovam a necessidade de busca por metodologias que reduzam a obesidade e os fatores de risco associados . Este trabalho objetivou elaborar uma proposta de intervenção com vistas à melhoria do estilo de vida e hábitos saudáveis da população por meio do uso do serviço de nutrição e educação física do NASF no município de Candeias. Para a construção da proposta de intervenção foi realizada pesquisa na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), nas bases de dados do Scientific Electronic Library Online SciELO, PubMed e Google Acadêmico com as seguintes palavras chave: obesidade emagrecimento e atividade física. Espera-se que por meio de uma ação interdisciplinar, seja possível promover a redução do IMC e manutenção do peso, partindo de mudanças simples como a mudança nos hábitos alimentares e a prática regular de atividades física. Para que os resultados sejam efetivos é importante que haja o comprometimento das equipes de saúde e o compromisso dos indivíduos.

Cephalometric And Anthropometric Data Of Obstructive Apnea In Different Age Groups.

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome usually present with changes in upper airway morphology and/or body fat distribution, which may occur throughout life and increase the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with age. To correlate cephalometric and anthropometric measures with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome severity in different age groups. A retrospective study of cephalometric and anthropometric measures of 102 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was analyzed. Patients were divided into three age groups (≥20 and <40 years, ≥40 and <60 years, and ≥60 years). Pearson's correlation was performed for these measures with the apnea-hypopnea index in the full sample, and subsequently by age group. The cephalometric measures MP-H (distance between the mandibular plane and the hyoid bone) and PNS-P (distance between the posterior nasal spine and the tip of the soft palate) and the neck and waist circumferences showed a statistically significant correlation with apnea-hypopnea index in both the full sample and in the ≥40 and <60 years age group. These variables did not show any significant correlation with the other two age groups (<40 and ≥60 years). Cephalometric measurements MP-H and PNS-P and cervical and waist circumferences correlated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome severity in patients in the ≥40 and <60 age group.

Condutividade e difusividade térmica do figo (Ficus carica L.) Roxo de Valinhos

The post harvest cooling and/or freezing processes for horticultural products have been carried out with the objective of removing the heat from these products, allowing them a bigger period of conservation. Therefore, the knowledge of the physical properties that involve heat transference in the fig fruit Roxo de Valinhos is useful for calculating projects and systems of food engineering in general, as well as, for using in equations of thermodynamic mathematical models. The values of conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the whole fig fruit-rami index were determined, and from these values it was determined the value of the specific heat. For these determination it was used the transient method of the Line Heat Source. The results shown that the fig fruit has a thermal conductivity of 0.52 W m-1°C, thermal diffusivity of 1.56 x 10-7 m² s-1, pulp density of 815.6 kg m-3 and specific heat of 4.07 kJ kg-1 °C.

Influência da embalagem de polietileno de baixa densidade e da temperatura na conservação do repolho minimamente processado

This research studied the effect of low density polyethylene packaging and storage temperature on the preservation of fresh-cut (minimally processed) cabbage. The cabbages, previously cooled to a temperature of 10 ºC, were selected, washed, cut in four parts (with the central stalk removed), sanitized, cut in strips, rinsed, put in the centrifuge, weighed and stored in plastic packaging of low density polyethylene (70 µm), and then stored in cold chambers at temperatures of 1 and 10 ºC for 20 days. The following aspects were evaluated: carbon dioxide, oxygen and ethylene in the internal atmosphere of the package as well as, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, vitamin C, loss of fresh mass and the total soluble solids/acidity in the fresh-cut cabbage ratio. The experimental design was entirely casual, with three repetitions. The analysis parameters, except for the vitamin C, loss of fresh mass and ethylene, presented significant variation between the temperatures and days of storage. The cabbage stored at a temperature of 1 ºC presented a shelf life of around 15 days, significantly higher than that stored at 10 ºC. At this temperature, on the 8th day of storage, the product was completely decayed, unfit for commercialization or consumption.

Desempenho físico-mecânico de minipainéis de terra crua tratada com aditivos químicos

The aim of this research was to study the effect of chemical additives (lime and Portland cement) associated with sodium silicate on soil in order to obtain compressed soil bricks. Mini panels were constructed with such bricks being their physical and mechanical characteristics determined in laboratory conditions and their behavior evaluated through the association of destructive and non-destructive methods. For this purpose a sandy soil and a finely divided one were added to Portland cement and lime in the dosage of 6% and 10% taken in dry weight basis in relation to the dry soil. The sodium silicate dosage of 4% was also taken in dry weight basis in relation to the dry soil-cement or to the dry soil-lime. The compressed soil bricks were cured in a humidity chamber for 7; 28; 56 and 91 days. The bricks were laid on the fourteenth day to form prismatic mini panels each one with four layers of bricks. After 28; 56 and 91 days the mini panels were submitted to both; ultrasonic and compressive tests to determine its elastic properties (dynamic modulus) and the compressive resistance. The best results in terms of compressive strength, water absorption capacity or dynamic elastic modulus, were reached by the sandy soil added to 10% of Portland cement or lime associated with sodium silicate.

Durabilidade de compósito biomassa vegetal-cimento modificado por polímero

The durability of the cellulose-cement composites is a decisive factor to introduce such material in the market. Polymers have been used in concrete and mortar production to increase its durability. The goal of this work was the physical and mechanical characterization of cellulose-cement composites modified by a polymer and the subsequent durability evaluation. The work also evaluated the dispersion of acrylic polymer in composites made of Pinus caribaea residues. The physical properties observed were water absorption by immersion and bulk density. Rupture modulus and toughness were determined by flexural test. The specimens were obtained from pads, produced by pressing and wet curing. Samples were subjected to accelerated aging tests by repeated wetting and drying cycles and hot-water bath and natural aging. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed verifying the fiber and composite characteristics along the time. For the composite range analyzed, it was observed the polymer improved the mechanical properties of composites besides a significant decreasing in water absorption. The use of polymer improved the performance of vegetable fiber-cement composites when compared to the conventional mortar, due to water absorption decreasing.

Aerodinâmica de leitos vibrofluidizados: uma revisão

Application of mechanical vibration to aid fluidization and to improve heat, mass and momentum transfer are usual processes in agricultural industry and it has found nowadays extensive applications in particle processing of materials difficult-to-fluidized. Equations and experimental data found in literature for the aerodynamics characteristics of vibro-fluidized beds are presented and discussed, emphasizing the vibration effect in the bed.

Utilização de 1-metilciclopropeno e resfriamento rápido na conservação de pêssegos

Postharvest losses vary among the different vegetable products. However, among fruits and vegetables the losses generally range from 30% to 50%. Thus, this paper aimed the application of 1-methylcycloprene (1-MCP) and fast cooling with forced air (PC) on peaches, in order to estimate their effects in the ripening process of this fruit. Physiological analyses were performed, such as loss of fresh mass, firmness, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, ratio and CO2 production, as well as sensorial analyses such as color, texture and flavor. The experiment was divided in two phases. In the first one, concentrations of 30, 60, and 90 nL/L 1-MCP, applied at 0 ºC and 20 ºC, were tested. The fruits treated without 1-MCP were denominated control for both temperatures studied. The second phase was composed by the following treatments: cold storage (CS) or control, cooling with forced air (CFA), cooling with forced air followed by 1-MCP application (CFA + 1-MCP) and 1-MCP application (1-MCP). Among these, the CFA + 1-MCP treatment provided more firmness of the fruits in comparison to the control fruits. The respiratory rate of peaches under CFA and CFA + 1-MCP treatments decreased in comparison to the control fruit respiratory rates.

Determinação em tempo real da magnitude de danos físicos por impacto em linhas de beneficiamento e em condições de laboratório e seus efeitos na qualidade de tomate

Tomatoes are one of the most important vegetable crops grown in Brazil and are among the crops that have one of the highest post-harvest losses indexes in the country. The present work aimed at evaluating impact damage observed in packing lines of fresh tomatoes as well as to determine, under laboratory conditions, quality alterations of tomato fruits submitted to impact damage in different surface types. Critical points evaluation was accomplished using an instrumented sphere. Critical transference points found showed variations in acceleration levels from 30 to 129 G (m s-2). Tests carried out under laboratory conditions showed that padded surfaces reduced up to 31% impact damage. Incidence of severe internal physical damage was evaluated by a subjective scale and increased by 79% on hard surfaces for the highest fall drop. On the other hand, it was observed an effective reduction in physical damage on fruits when padded surfaces were used. When a 10-cm drop was performed, the maximum reduction measured was 10% for hard surfaces and 5% for previously padded surfaces. For quality parameters, it was observed for high drops on hard surfaces, highest values for weight loss, total acidity, lower values for vitamin C and Soluble Solids.

Avaliação de linhas de beneficiamento e impactos de queda na qualidade de caqui Rama Forte

Excessive and inadequate handling of fruits and vegetables provides high incidences of physical damage, consequently, post harvest losses. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the impact magnitude in persimmon packing lines, Rama Forte, and to determine, at the laboratory, its impact limits. For evaluating the critical points it was used an instrumented sphere of 76 mm of diameter (Technmark, Inc, Lansing, USA), which registered the impact magnitude in seven distinctive impact lines located in four packing houses. For determining physical damages, tests were carried out at the laboratory, where fruit drop was related to impact magnitude, physical damage incidence and fruit post harvest losses. At the packing lines, the values found varied from 21 to 87 G on the transfer points and the majority of registered impacts (over 94%) were down 50G. Drops from 20 cm caused an increase in weight losses after six days of storage at room temperature. Drops from 20 and 30 cm caused skin darkness (low L values), associated to a decrease in color intensity (chroma). Impact drop did not affect pulp fruit chemical features.