Avaliação da suplementação materna com megadose de vitamina A sobre os níveis de retinol e alfa-tocoferol no colostro

The vitamins A and E are recognizably important in the initial stages of life and the newborn depends on nutritional adequacy of breast milk to meet their needs. These vitamins share routes of transport to the tissues and antagonistic effects have been observed in animals after supplementation with vitamin A. This study aimed to verify the effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin A megadose (200,000 UI) in the immediate post-partum on the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum. Healthy parturient women attended at a public maternity natalensis were recruited for the study and divided into two groups: control (n = 37) and supplemented (n = 36). Blood samples of colostrum and milk were collected until 12 hours after delivery. The women of the supplemented group was administered a retynil palmitate capsule and 24 hours after the first collection was obtained the 2nd sample of colostrum in two groups for analysis of retinol and alpha-tocopherol in milk. The mean retinol concentration of 50,7 ± 14,4 μg/dL (Mean ± standard deviation) and alpha-tocopherol of 1217.4 ± 959 mg/dL in the serum indicate the nutritional status biochemical appropriate. Supplementation with retynil palmitate resulted in increase not only retinol levels in the colostrum of the supplemented group (p = 0.002), but also the concentration of alpha-tocopherol (p = 0.04), changing from 1456.6 ± 1095.8 mg/dL to 1804.3 ± 1432.0 mg/dL (milk 0 and 24 respectively) compared to values in the control group, 984.6 ± 750.0 mg/dL and 1175.0 ± 730.8 mg/dL. The women had different responses to supplementation, influenced by baseline levels of retinol in colostrum. Those with previous by low levels of retinol in colostrum (<60 mg/dL) had increased the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in milk, whereas those with adequate levels (> 60 mg/dL), showed a reduction after supplementation. Supplementation with retinol palmitate is an important intervention in situations of high risk for vitamin A deficiency, when considering the need to maternal supplementation, since the excess vitamin can offer unfavorable interactions between nutrients essential for the mother-child group

ToLeRating UR-STD

A new emerging paradigm of Uncertain Risk of Suspicion, Threat and Danger, observed across the field of information security, is described. Based on this paradigm a novel approach to anomaly detection is presented. Our approach is based on a simple yet powerful analogy from the innate part of the human immune system, the Toll-Like Receptors. We argue that such receptors incorporated as part of an anomaly detector enhance the detector’s ability to distinguish normal and anomalous behaviour. In addition we propose that Toll-Like Receptors enable the classification of detected anomalies based on the types of attacks that perpetrate the anomalous behaviour. Classification of such type is either missing in existing literature or is not fit for the purpose of reducing the burden of an administrator of an intrusion detection system. For our model to work, we propose the creation of a taxonomy of the digital Acytota, based on which our receptors are created.

Parcellation of fMRI datasets with ICA and PLS: a data driven approach

Inter-subject parcellation of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data based on a standard General Linear Model (GLM) and spectral clustering was recently proposed as a means to alleviate the issues associated with spatial normalization in fMRI. However, for all its appeal, a GLM-based parcellation approach introduces its own biases, in the form of a priori knowledge about the shape of Hemodynamic Response Function (HRF) and task-related signal changes, or about the subject behaviour during the task. In this paper, we introduce a data-driven version of the spectral clustering parcellation, based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) instead of the GLM. First, a number of independent components are automatically selected. Seed voxels are then obtained from the associated ICA maps and we compute the PLS latent variables between the fMRI signal of the seed voxels (which covers regional variations of the HRF) and the principal components of the signal across all voxels. Finally, we parcellate all subjects data with a spectral clustering of the PLS latent variables. We present results of the application of the proposed method on both single-subject and multi-subject fMRI datasets. Preliminary experimental results, evaluated with intra-parcel variance of GLM t-values and PLS derived t-values, indicate that this data-driven approach offers improvement in terms of parcellation accuracy over GLM based techniques.

Índice de Bienestar Socio-Económico (IBSE) para el Área Metropolitana de San Salvador. Propuesta Metodológica y su Aplicación

El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es elaborar un Índice de Bienestar Socio-Económico para el Área Metropolitana de San Salvador y para los municipios que lo integran, a partir de una metodología multidimensional que refleje íntegramente las condiciones socio-económicas de la población en estudio; sustentado en la base de la identificación de variables representativas, la construcción de indicadores fidedignos de las dimensiones económica y social, así como la aplicación metodológica en el área citada. La población en estudio está constituida por 14 municipios que representan el Área Metropolitana de San Salvador, se localiza en la zona central del país, se extiende en una superficie que cubre 589.91 Km², equivalentes al 3% del territorio nacional. En términos de población al 2014, concentra 1,760,057 habitantes, (es el 27.50% del total de habitantes a nivel nacional), posee una densidad de 2,984 Hab/Km² y un área urbana de 175.28 Km². El tipo de investigación de la presente se constituye básicamente a partir del análisis descriptivo de las condiciones económicas y sociales de las familias que residen en el área estudiada; aplicada en la medida que busca la recopilación de información para su interpretación; sincrónica, al estudiarse un periodo de tiempo corto, cuyos resultados no pueden generalizarle para otros años fuera del periodo de estudio; y cuantitativa al hacer uso de las herramientas de la matemática y la estadística. Se intenta buscar respuesta a las interrogantes de ¿Cómo elaborar una metodología de un índice que permita cuantificar el bienestar socio-económico adecuado a la realidad salvadoreña para la formulación y ejecución de políticas económicas y proyectos sociales para el desarrollo de la población de las localidades? Asimismo, ¿Cuál es el grado de bienestar de la población que vive en el Área Metropolitana de San Salvador en base al Índice de Bienestar Socio-Económico elaborado en esta investigación? .Temporalmente, el periodo de estudio de la investigación es de seis años, desde el año 2009 hasta el año 2014 y la fuente principal de la información es la Encuesta de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples elaborada anualmente por la Dirección General de Estadísticas y Censos. Particularmente, la propuesta metodológica que se presenta en este estudio constituye una herramienta distinta y fiable ya que se intentan adaptar las características de la población a partir de una lección específica de las variables e indicadores adaptadas a la realidad del área investigada. A diferencia de las propuestas metodológicas que se utilizan de diferentes organismos multinacionales, donde las metodologías se vuelven rígidas y en dependencia de la disponibilidad y confiabilidad de información local y nacional de las regiones, volviéndose en el principal problema de estudio para investigaciones en las que se intenta describir y comparar los niveles de desarrollo y bienestar de las regiones. En términos generales, la presente investigación busca convertirse en un recurso metodológico que se pueda emular en otras regiones de El Salvador y fuera del país; acoplando las particularidades de la población a estudiarse y representando una herramienta de análisis y base de políticas locales y nacionales para el mejoramiento del bienestar socioeconómico de la población.

Site Specifc Growth of Metal Catalyzed Silica Nanowires for Biological and Chemical Sensing

In this research the integration of nanostructures and micro-scale devices was investigated using silica nanowires to develop a simple yet robust nanomanufacturing technique for improving the detection parameters of chemical and biological sensors. This has been achieved with the use of a dielectric barrier layer, to restrict nanowire growth to site-specific locations which has removed the need for post growth processing, by making it possible to place nanostructures on pre-pattern substrates. Nanowires were synthesized using the Vapor-Liquid-Solid growth method. Process parameters (temperature and time) and manufacturing aspects (structural integrity and biocompatibility) were investigated. Silica nanowires were observed experimentally to determine how their physical and chemical properties could be tuned for integration into existing sensing structures. Growth kinetic experiments performed using gold and palladium catalysts at 1050 ˚C for 60 minutes in an open-tube furnace yielded dense and consistent silica nanowire growth. This consistent growth led to the development of growth model fitting, through use of the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and Bayesian hierarchical modeling. Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed the nanowires to be amorphous and X-ray diffraction confirmed the composition to be SiO2 . Silica nanowires were monitored in epithelial breast cancer media using Impedance spectroscopy, to test biocompatibility, due to potential in vivo use as a diagnostic aid. It was found that palladium catalyzed silica nanowires were toxic to breast cancer cells, however, nanowires were inert at 1µg/mL concentrations. Additionally a method for direct nanowire integration was developed that allowed for silica nanowires to be grown directly into interdigitated sensing structures. This technique eliminates the need for physical nanowire transfer thus preserving nanowire structure and performance integrity and further reduces fabrication cost. Successful nanowire integration was physically verified using Scanning electron microscopy and confirmed electrically using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of immobilized Prostate Specific Antigens (PSA). The experiments performed above serve as a guideline to addressing the metallurgic challenges in nanoscale integration of materials with varying composition and to understanding the effects of nanomaterials on biological structures that come in contact with the human body.

Porcine hokovirus in wild boar in Portugal.

Porcine hokovirus (PHoV), also referred to as porcine parvovirus 4 (P-PARV4), a recently discovered parvovirus of swine that is closely related to human parvovirus 4/5 (H-PARV4/5), was first described in Hong Kong. To evaluate the occurrence of P-PARV4 in Portuguese wild boars in the hunting season of 2011/2012,liver and serum samples were tested. P-PARV4 was detected in 24 % of the wild boars analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship between the P-PARV4 isolates and other P-PARV4 reference strains. This virus appears to be emerging, with yet unknown implications for public health.

Resolución 47 del 26 de marzo de 2007: ¿Cuáles son los criterios que tiene en cuenta la Cámara de Comercio cuando evalúa los eventos de fallecimiento del socio gestor y la representación de las cuotas de este en las sociedades en comandita?

Servicios registrales

Nova Talenta: 2015-2016

Introducción -- Liderazgo transformacional e inteligencia emocional: una revisión / Gina Paola Cortés Agudelo, Olga Lucia Lacouture -- El liderazgo transformacional y sus implicaciones en la cultura organizacional: una revisión de la literatura / Alejandro Arévalo, Iván Suárez, Jhon Zuluaga -- Liderazgo femenino: una revisión a la literatura / David Leonardo Méndez Sarmiento, María José Cruz Mancheno -- Liderazgo adaptativo y las relaciones de aprendizaje: implicaciones para las organizaciones actuales / María Alejandra Avella Torres, Laura Katherine Umaña Roa -- Inteligencia emocional y su relación con el liderazgo de rango total / Diego Stiven García Morales, Mohamed zakaria el arksoussi fakih -- Influencia del liderazgo transformacional y transaccional sobre la calidad de vida laboral en las empresas / María Paula Ordoñez Valencia -- Discriminación y desigualdad de género : situación actual de las mujeres en el mundo empresarial / Daniela Andrade Palau / Natalia Villarreal Rodríguez -- Competitividad: análisis comparativo entre Colombia y chile desde la perspectiva de la innovación / Álvaro David Buenaventura Maya.