Proceedings of the PDM2013 conference, LUT 24.-25.4.2013

The 1st PDM Forum for Finland-Russia Collaboration was held at Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland, during 25.-26.4.2013. The forum brought together leading academics, practitioners, advisors, engineers, industrial experts, and software vendors from Finland and Russia. The forum can be seen as a new integrating element between Russian and Finnish industries and universities. Over border connections between Russia and Finland may also bring new contacts and ideas to develop and expand businesses. Meeting different universities professors, PhD students, and companies’ agents facilitates the sharing and discussion of current PDM (Product Data Management) issues.

Valtatien 4 parantaminen Vaajakosken kohdalla, Jyväskylä : Yleissuunnitelma

Valtatie 4 on eräs Suomen tärkeimmistä päätieyhteyksistä. Vaajakosken kohdalla tien palvelutaso ja välityskyky on liikennemäärään nähden puutteellinen. Kiertoliittymät ja 50–60 km/h rajoitukset sijoittuvat kahden moottoritieosuuden väliin. Häiriötilanteessa lyhin kiertotie on yli 40 km pitkä. Nykytilanteessa valtatien 4 liikennemäärä suunnittelualueella on noin 17 000 – 21 000 ajon./vrk ja valtatien 9 liikennemäärä noin 10 300 ajon./vrk. Vuonna 2030 valtatien 4 liikennemäärän ennustetaan olevan 22 000 – 26 000 ajon./vrk ja valtatien 9 liikennemäärän 12 400 ajon./vrk. Suunnitteluosuudella valtatie 4 rakennetaan uuteen, Varassaaren kautta kulkevaan maastokäytävään. Rakennettavan osuuden pituus on noin 5 kilometriä. Nykyinen valtatie jää rinnakkaistieksi. Haapalahden nykyinen suuntaisliittymä parannetaan rakentamalla rampit Vaajakosken suuntaan. Kanavuoreen rakennetaan uusi eritasoliittymä. Valtatie 9 rakennetaan uuteen maastokäytävään noin 500 m matkalla. Nykyinen valtatie muuttuu kaduksi. Mustaniemeen rakennetaan uusi eritasoliittymä ennen Leppäveden vesistöpengertä. Uusia siltoja rakennetaan yhteensä 26. Kyseessä on ensisijaisesti sujuvuushanke. Valtatien 4 sujuvuus paraneekin huomattavasti, kun 85 % liikenteestä siirtyy uudelle tielinjalle. Myös paikallisen liikennöinnin sujuvuus ja turvallisuus paranevat. Liikenteen sujuvuuden parantamisen lisäksi hankkeella pyritään luomaan edellytyksiä Vaajakosken keskustan kehittämiselle. Uusi tielinjaus muuttaa maisemaa, mutta luo myös uusia maankäytön kehittämismahdollisuuksia. Valtatien varteen rakennetaan mittavat meluntorjuntarakenteet asuinrakennusten suojaamiseksi liikenteen melulta. Hankkeen kustannusarvio on 119,1 miljoonaa euroa (maku-ind. 157,4, 2000=100). Hankkeen hyöty–kustannus-suhde on 1,2. Suurimmat hyödyt muodostuvat aikakustannus- ja onnettomuuskustannussäästöistä. Hankkeen toteuttaminen vähentää henkilövahinkoon johtaneita onnettomuuksia laskennallisesti noin 35 %.

Suomen tiekartta Vägkarta över Finland / upprättad å lantmäteristyrelsen (4 /)

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 50 x 104 cm, kansi 26 x 12 cm, 1:200000

Anxiolytic-like effects of 4-phenyl-2-trichloromethyl-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine hydrogen sulfate in mice

The pharmacological effects of 4-phenyl-2-trichloromethyl-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine hydrogen sulfate (PTMB), a novel synthetic benzodiazepine, were examined in mice. In the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety, 0.3-1 mg/kg diazepam ip (F(3,53) = 3.78; P<0.05) and 1-10 mg/kg PTMB ip increased (F(5,98) = 3.26; P<0.01), whereas 2 mg/kg picrotoxin ip decreased (F(3,59) = 8.32; P<0.001) the proportion of time spent in the open arms, consistent with an anxiolytic action of both benzodiazepines, and an anxiogenic role for picrotoxin. In the holeboard, 1.0 mg/kg diazepam ip increased (F(3,54) = 2.78; P<0.05) and 2 mg/kg picrotoxin ip decreased (F(3,59) = 4.69; P<0.01) locomotor activity. Rotarod assessment revealed that 1 mg/kg diazepam ip and 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg PTMB ip produced significant motor incoordination compared to vehicle control (F(4,70) = 7.6; P<0.001). These data suggest that the recently synthesized PTMB compound possesses anxiolytic activity and produces motor incoordination similar to those observed with diazepam.

Effect of 4-aminoantipyrine on gastric compliance and liquid emptying in rats

Dipyrone (Dp) delays gastric emptying (GE) in rats. There is no information about whether 4-aminoantipyrine (AA), one of its metabolites, has the same effect. The objectives of the present study were to assess the effects of AA and Dp on GE when administered intravenously (iv) and intracerebroventricularly (icv) (240 µmol/kg and 4 µmol/animal, respectively) and on gastric compliance when administered iv (240 µmol/kg). GE was determined in male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g (5-10 per group) after icv or iv injection of the drug by measuring percent gastric retention (GR) of a saline meal labeled with phenol red 10 min after administration by gavage. Gastric compliance was estimated in anesthetized rats (10-11 per group), with the construction of volume-pressure curves during intragastric infusion of a saline meal. Compliance was significantly greater in animals receiving Dp (mean ± SEM = 0.26 ± 0.009 mL/mmHg) and AA (0.24 ± 0.012 mL/mmHg) than in controls (0.19 ± 0.009 mL/mmHg). AA and Dp administered iv significantly increased GR (64.4 ± 2.5 and 54.3 ± 3.8%, respectively) compared to control (34 ± 2.2%), a phenomenon observed only with Dp after icv administration. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy reduced the effect of AA (GR = 31.4 ± 1.5%) compared to sham-treated animals. Baclofen, a GABA B receptor agonist, administered icv significantly reduced the effect of AA (GR = 28.1 ± 1.3%). We conclude that Dp and AA increased gastric compliance and AA delayed GE, with the participation of the vagus nerve, through a pathway that does not involve a direct action of the drug on the central nervous system.

De centonibus poëticis 4

Painovuosi nimekkeestä.

Salvaged single-unit cord blood transplantation for 26 patients with hematologic malignancies not in remission

Treatments for patients with hematologic malignancies not in remission are limited, but a few clinical studies have investigated the effects of salvaged unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT). We retrospectively studied 19 patients with acute leukemia, 5 with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS with refractory anemia with excess blasts [RAEB]), and 2 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who received 1 CBT unit ≤2 loci human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched after undergoing myeloablative conditioning regimens between July 2005 and July 2014. All of them were in non-remission before transplantation. The infused total nucleated cell (TNC) dose was 4.07 (range 2.76-6.02)×107/kg and that of CD34+ stem cells was 2.08 (range 0.99-8.65)×105/kg. All patients were engrafted with neutrophils that exceeded 0.5×109/L on median day +17 (range 14-37 days) and had platelet counts of >20×109/L on median day +35 (range 17-70 days). Sixteen patients (61.5%) experienced pre-engraftment syndrome (PES), and six (23.1%) patients progressed to acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The cumulative incidence rates of II-IV acute GVHD and chronic GVHD were 50% and 26.9%, respectively. After a median follow-up of 27 months (range 5-74), 14 patients survived and 3 relapsed. The estimated 2-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and non-relapse mortality (NRM) rates were 50.5%, 40.3%, and 35.2%, respectively. Salvaged CBT might be a promising modality for treating hematologic malignancies, even in patients with a high leukemia burden.

Exercise improved lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in rats fed a high-fat diet by regulating glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and musclin expression

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise training on triglyceride deposition and the expression of musclin and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in a rat model of insulin resistance. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old, weight 160±10 g) were fed a high-fat diet (40% calories from fat) and randomly divided into high-fat control group and swimming intervention group. Rats fed with standard food served as normal control. We found that 8-week swimming intervention significantly decreased body weight (from 516.23±46.27 to 455.43±32.55 g) and visceral fat content (from 39.36±2.50 to 33.02±2.24 g) but increased insulin sensitivity index of the rats fed with a high-fat diet. Moreover, swimming intervention improved serum levels of TG (from 1.40±0.83 to 0.58±0.26 mmol/L) and free fatty acids (from 837.80±164.25 to 556.38±144.77 μEq/L) as well as muscle triglycerides deposition (from 0.55±0.06 to 0.45±0.02 mmol/g) in rats fed a high-fat diet. Compared with rats fed a standard food, musclin expression was significantly elevated, while GLUT4 expression was decreased in the muscles of rats fed a high-fat diet. In sharp contrast, swimming intervention significantly reduced the expression of musclin and increased the expression of GLUT4 in the muscles of rats fed a high-fat diet. In conclusion, increased musclin expression may be associated with insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, and exercise training improves lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity probably by upregulating GLUT4 and downregulating musclin.

Epistolario. 4, 1719-1732 e indici generali / Jean Le Clerc ; a cura di Maria Grazia e Mario Sina

Collection : Le Corrispondenze letterarie, scientifiche ed erudite dal Rinascimento all'età moderna ; 1, 2, 5,6