辽宁省地表水环境功能区划地理信息系统

采用遥感(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)和全球定位系统(GPS)作为工具,建立以遥感图像、地面监测数据、相关统计信息作为区划数据的数据库,根据既定的原则,针对现行水环境功能区划存在的问题,对辽宁省河流的干流、一、二级支流及其部分三级支流进行现状评价、趋势预测和功能区划分,并利用GIS组件技术开发了辽宁省地表水环境功能区划地理信息系统,目的是在对辽宁省河流现状污染调查评价的基础上,结合不同区段的水质标准和区划目标,对辽宁省的各级河流分段进行功能定位,实现辽宁省地表水环境的科学规划和最优管理。

日本菟丝子对寄主的选择行为

在野外对日本菟丝子(Cuscutajaponica)选择寄主的行为进行观察,结果表明,在所研究的植物群落中,日本菟丝子在不同寄主上发生缠绕的数量多少、发生吸器时间的先后和缠绕比率的大小顺序为枸树、蟛蜞菊、五爪金龙和马缨丹,而从缠绕发生至吸器发生期间日本菟丝子生长点伸长量的大小顺序则相反,且差异显著.日本菟丝子生长点在与聚氯乙烯塑料(PVC)棒接触后24h内发生明显的偏离,而在接触不同寄主后12h内则发生左旋3圈缠绕.多寄主共存的群落比单一寄主群落对日本菟丝子及其寄主的生存均有利.日本菟丝子选择寄主的行为与不同寄主N的含量关系不明显,推测这种选择行为与不同寄主次生物质的差异有关.

树木、林内、林冠上与森林区风速廓线研究(英文)

风速是森林生态系统研究中最为重要的变量之一,同时也是控制气流运输过程最基本的要素。由于树木生理指标和生长过程对风速的改变十分敏感,因此风速随高度的变化规律,即风速廓线的研究十分重要。一般认为,在裸地或林冠上的风廓线均呈对数规律变化,但是在单株树木和林分内风速随高度的变化则不呈对数规律。本文根据最近在海岸松林内风的研究结果,总结了针叶树种单株树木内、林分内和林冠上层以及海岸林区的风速廓线变化规律,其主要结论如下:1)单株针叶树树冠内的风速廓线呈指数形式分布,2)在林分内的风速廓线可用风的减弱系数来表示,3)[(\267\347)(\300\252\317\337\324\332\301\326\271\332\262\343)]上的分布可由风廓线参数(摩擦速度、粗糙长度、零平面位移)确定,4)在海岸林区,极端风速的分布可以使用了建筑上的风荷载模型进行预测。另外,本文提出了该研究领域尚需进一步探讨的问题,主要包括:1)风速廓线与树木特征及林分特征间的关系,2)利用简单的方法预测了风速廓线参数,3)风速廓线在树木生理、生态研究的作用、树木生长过程中风的微生态学效应以及森林生态和管理应用等方面。图4表1参60。

Solvent extraction study of rare earth elements from chloride medium by mixtures of sec-nonylphenoxy acetic acid with Cyanex301 or Cyanex302

The extraction of rare earth elements from chloride medium by mixtures of sec-nonylphenoxy acetic acid (CA100) with bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid (Cyanex301) or bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex302) in n-heptane has been studied. The synergistic enhancement of the extraction of lanthanum (III) by mixtures of CA100 with Cyanex301 has been investigated using the methods of slope analysis and constant mole. The extracted complex of lanthanum (III) is determined. The logarithm of the equilibrium constant is calculated as - 1.41. The formation constants and the thermodynamic functions, Delta H, Delta G, and Delta S have also been determined.

Solvent extraction of rare earths from chloride medium with mixtures of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazalone-5 and sec-octylphenoxyacetic acid

The extraction of rare earth elements from chloride medium by mixtures of sec-nonylphenoxy acetic acid (CA100) with bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid (Cyanex301) or bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex302) in n-heptane has been studied. The synergistic enhancement of the extraction of lanthanum (III) by mixtures of CA100 with Cyanex301 has been investigated using the methods of slope analysis and constant mole. The extracted complex of lanthanum (III) is determined. The logarithm of the equilibrium constant is calculated as - 1.41. The formation constants and the thermodynamic functions, Delta H, Delta G, and Delta S have also been determined.

Carbon deposition behavior over copper salts of molybdovanadophosphoric acid catalyst supported by magnesia

MgO supported copper salt of molybdovanadophosphoric acid H4PMo11VO40 catalysts were prepared in alcohol by impregnation and the carbon deposition over these catalysts during the n-hexanol oxidation reaction was studied. The coke predominantly deposited on the catalyst surface in the form of CH., and it was not found that it caused the deactivation of the catalyst. The XRD, IR, XPS characterizations reveal that the Keggin structure of the CPMV was unaffected by carbon deposition. Moreover, it was shown that the supported CPMVs over the MgO surface can be beneficial to eliminate the coke. The temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) study showed that coke was formed over the catalyst on two different sites: (1) deposited on the CPMVs which can be burn off at a low temperature; (2) deposited on the MgO which could only be removed at higher temperature. The coke content reached constant with the reaction time increasing.

Synthesis and luminescence properties of nanocrystalline Gd2O3 : Eu3+ by combustion process

The nanocrystalline Gd2O3:Eu3+ powders with cubic phase were prepared by a combustion method in the presence of urea and glycol. The effects of the annealing temperature on the crystallization and luminescence properties were studied. The results of XRD show pure phase can be obtained, the average crystallite size could be calculated as 7, 8, 45, and 23 run for the precursor and samples annealed at 600, 700 and 800 degrees C, respectively, which coincided with the results from TEM images. The emission intensity, host absorption and charge transfer band intensity increased with increasing the temperature. The slightly broad emission peak at 610 nm for smaller particles can be observed. The ratio of host absorption to O-2-Eu3+ charge transfer band of smaller nanoparticles is much stronger compared with that for larger nanoparticles, furthermore, the luminescence lifetimes of nanoparticles increased with increasing particles size. The effects of doping concentration of Eu3+ on luminescence lifetimes and intensities were also discussed. The samples exhibited a higher quenching concentration of Eu3+, and luminescence lifetimes of nanoparticles are related to annealing temperature of samples and the doping concentration of Eu3+ ions.