965 resultados para regime de luz


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Exchange rate regime and structural changes in the Brazilian manufacturing industry. This article proposes an analysis of the relationship between exchange rate regime and evolution of the Brazilian manufacturing industry during the period 1980-2008. Its main purpose is to detect the direction of the structural changes imposed by the new form of international insertion consolidated throughout the 1990s. The work also provides new empirical evidence regarding the assumptions of deindustrialization and "Dutch disease", which mark the current debate on the effects of the appreciation of real exchange rate in the Brazilian economy.

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O artigo, ao analisar manifestações de mulheres negras, busca entender como se constituem cidadãs numa sociedade que discrimina seu grupo e etnia. À indagação sobre o que significa ser mulher e negra, formulada a mulheres militantes do Movimento Negro nos estados do sul do país, mostrou que o configurar-se como mulheres negras implica enfrentar atitudes e posturas discriminatórias, além de exigir combatividade, introspecção, auto-imagem positiva, crítica a relações sociais e propostas para transformá-las. Buscando elucidar sua presença na sociedade, o estudo mostra que lutam para superar a invisibilidade conferida aos descendentes de africanos, bem como para ter suas necessidades atendidas por políticas públicas que resolvam os problemas que os afligem e suprimam as opressões que lhes são impingidas. Assim, lutam por justiça para todos que são marginalizados pela sociedade. O artigo conclui com a afirmativa de que as fontes mais genuínas de conhecimento sobre as mulheres negras são elas mesmas, sendo necessário que estudos que as tomem por temática, considerem seus pontos de vista de mulheres e negras.

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Commençant par : « Regnabit rex, etc. Le glorieux prophete Jheremie, qui fist le livre des Lamentations et pleurs sur la destruction des Juifz... » et finissant par : «... qui en trinité parfaicte vist et regne par l'infini siecle des siecles. An. Cy fine le livre de l'Informacion des princes » .

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Identification of larval simuliids has always been difficult due to the morphological similarity many species bear to one another. For this reason all characters available have been drawn upon to aid in species identification, including head fan ray number. Even in light of an increasing body of anecdotal reports that head fan ray number is not fixed, it has continued to be used to aid species identification. In the current experiment simuliid larvae were reared under controlled laboratory conditions to last instar in one of three feeding regimes. Out of nine trials, the results of six showed a significant inverse relationship between feeding regime and head fan ray number. In addition to the laboratory experiments, larvae were also collected from the field over the course of the spring and summer, 1994. From these samples significant interspecific and intraspecific variations in head fan ray number were found both spatially and temporally within Algonquin Park. From these data it is concluded that head fan ray number for the species analysed is a developmentally plastic character, which varies in response to food availability. Furthermore, given the extreme variations in head fan ray number found in some species, I recommend that head fan ray number not be used as an aid to identification unless it can be shown to be a fixed character for the species in question.

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Mathematical predictions of flow conditions along a steep gradient rock bedded stream are examined. Stream gage discharge data and Manning's Equation are used to calculate alternative velocities, and subsequently Froude Numbers, assuming varying values of velocity coefficient, full depth or depth adjusted for vertical flow separation. Comparison of the results with photos show that Froude Numbers calculated from velocities derived from Manning's Equation, assuming a velocity coefficient of 1.30 and full depth, most accurately predict flow conditions, when supercritical flow is defined as Froude Number values above 0.84. Calculated Froude Number values between 0.8 and 1.1 correlate well with observed transitional flow, defined as the first appearance of small diagonal waves. Transitions from subcritical through transitional to clearly supercritical flow are predictable. Froude Number contour maps reveal a sinuous rise and fall of values reminiscent of pool riffle energy distribution.

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This thesis examines the performance of Canadian fixed-income mutual funds in the context of an unobservable market factor that affects mutual fund returns. We use various selection and timing models augmented with univariate and multivariate regime-switching structures. These models assume a joint distribution of an unobservable latent variable and fund returns. The fund sample comprises six Canadian value-weighted portfolios with different investing objectives from 1980 to 2011. These are the Canadian fixed-income funds, the Canadian inflation protected fixed-income funds, the Canadian long-term fixed-income funds, the Canadian money market funds, the Canadian short-term fixed-income funds and the high yield fixed-income funds. We find strong evidence that more than one state variable is necessary to explain the dynamics of the returns on Canadian fixed-income funds. For instance, Canadian fixed-income funds clearly show that there are two regimes that can be identified with a turning point during the mid-eighties. This structural break corresponds to an increase in the Canadian bond index from its low values in the early 1980s to its current high values. Other fixed-income funds results show latent state variables that mimic the behaviour of the general economic activity. Generally, we report that Canadian bond fund alphas are negative. In other words, fund managers do not add value through their selection abilities. We find evidence that Canadian fixed-income fund portfolio managers are successful market timers who shift portfolio weights between risky and riskless financial assets according to expected market conditions. Conversely, Canadian inflation protected funds, Canadian long-term fixed-income funds and Canadian money market funds have no market timing ability. We conclude that these managers generally do not have positive performance by actively managing their portfolios. We also report that the Canadian fixed-income fund portfolios perform asymmetrically under different economic regimes. In particular, these portfolio managers demonstrate poorer selection skills during recessions. Finally, we demonstrate that the multivariate regime-switching model is superior to univariate models given the dynamic market conditions and the correlation between fund portfolios.

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias del Ejercicio con Acentuación en Deporte de Alto Rendimiento) UANL

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias, con especialidad en Inmunología) U.A.N.L.

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias, con especialidad en Química Analítica Biomédica) U.A.N.L.