Composition of post-Jurassic deposits from the Northwest Pacific and the Galapagos Rift, data of DSDP Legs 62, 65, and 70

The monogragh contains results of mineralogicai and geochemical studies of Mesozoic and Cenozoic deposits from the Pacific Ocean collected during Deep Sea Drilling Project. Special attention is paid on the aspects of geochemical history of post-Jurassic sedimentation in the central part of the Northwest Pacific, detailed characteristics of the main stages of sedimentary evolution are given: Early Cretaceons (protooceanic), Late Cretaceons (transitional) and Cenozoic (oceanic). Results of mineralogical and geochemical studies of hydrothermal deposits from the Galapagos Rift are given as well.

Grain size, mineral and chemical compositions of modern deposits fron the northern Caspian Sea and the Volga River delta

Comprehensive investigations revealed that modern deposits in the northern Caspian Sea involve terrigenous sands and aleurites with admixture of detritus and intact bivalve shells, including coquina. Generally, these deposits overlay dark grayish viscous clays. Similar geological situation occurs in the Volga River delta; however, local deposits are much poorer in biogenic constituents. Illite prevails among clay minerals. In coarse aleurite fraction (0.100-0.050 mm) heavy transparent minerals are represented mostly by epidotes, while light minerals - mostly by quartz and feldspars. Sedimentary material in the Volga River delta is far from completely differentiated into fractions due to abundant terrigenous inflows. Comparatively better grading of sediments from the northern Caspian Sea is due to additional factors such as bottom currents and storms. When passing from the Volga River delta to the northern Caspian Sea, sediments are enriched in rare earth elements (except Eu), Ca, Au, Ni, Se, Ag, As, and Sr, but depleted in Na, Rb, Cs, K, Ba, Fe, Cr, Co, Sc, Br, Zr, ??, U, and Th. Concentrations of Zn remain almost unchanged. Sedimentation rates and types of recent deposits in the northern Caspian Sea are governed mainly by abundant runoff of the Volga River.

Composition of bottom sediments and rocks from the Philippine Trough

New data on bottom sediments and igneous rocks of the Philippine Trench are under consideration. They show differences in geological structures of the island slope and the ocean slope of the trench. The island slope is comparable to the accretionary prism formations on the Philippines; there processes of gravitational re-deposition of sediments occur. The ocean slope is an edge of the Philippine Plate sinking into the trough, where basalts of the oceanic crust are exposed.

Hydrocarbon contents and carbon isotope composition of organic matter from holes of DSDP Legs 50 and 64

The book is devoted to fundamental problems of organic geochemistry of ocean sediments. It is based on materials of organic matter and gas studies in cores from DSDP Legs 50 and 64. Experimental results obtained in the Laboratory of Carbon Geochemistry (V.I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Moscow) take the main part of the book. Evolution of organic matter in specific environment of deep ocean sediments, sources of organic matter in the ocean and methods of their identification based on isotopic analysis and other methods are under discussion. Gas geochemistry in normal conditions of diagenesis, and in conditions under intense heating is studied.