The role of space as both a conflict trigger and a conflict control mechanism in culturally heterogeneous workgroups

The diversity literature is replete with examples of poor outcomes in Culturally Heterogeneous Workgroups (CHWs) caused by relational difficulties. Although it is widely recognised that culture shapes people's interpretation of behavior and their style of interaction with others in the workplace, what is ill understood is what the specific conflict triggers of these conflicts are. In this paper, we argue that differences in cultural norms and views of physical and psychological space are major triggers of conflict in CHWs. Findings from a field study support the proposition that different viewpoints regarding the use of space, the inability to retreat from exposure to others, decreased interpersonal space, and privacy invasion moderate the relationship between cultural diversity in the workgroup and the type, frequency, and duration of conflict events in CHWs. The paper represents a first step in elucidating the role of space in cross-cultural interactions in the workplace and how space may be a potentially important conflict control mechanism for managers of culturally diverse workgroups.

An international perspective on sunken state vessels as underwater cultural heritage

On 2 November 2001, the General Assembly of the United Nations Scientific, Economic and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) adopted the convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage. Among the many complex issues addressed in the convention is the legal status of sunken state-owned vessels, including warships. Prior to the adoption of this convention, no conventional or customary international law existed with regards to the question of abandonment of state-owned vessels or the application of the principle of sovereign immunity to sunken state vessels. While difficulties between coastal states and maritime and former colonial powers resulted in a regime that does not comprehensively address the issues, the convention does provide some guidance in this regard and may provide a basis for further development.

The over-production of US sports and the new International Division of Cultural Labor

This article focuses on how US professional sports utilize the New International Division of Cultural Labor to supplement an overly costly local labor pool and over-supplied local market. We argue that while the classic problem of over-production is slowly eroding the sealed-off nature of US culture, the forces of its hyper-protectionist capitalism continue to characterize sports, precluding equal exchange.

Centro de Inform??tica, Cidadania e Produ????o Cultural para Minorias: CIPRO

O Centro de Inform??tica, Cidadania e Produ????o Cultural Para Minorias (CIPRO) ?? um projeto articulado pela Delegacia Regional do Trabalho do Rio de Janeiro (DRT/RJ) e administrado conjuntamente com diversas Organiza????es N??o Governamentais, entre elas o Comit?? Pela Democratiza????o da Inform??tica (CDI), o Grupo Cultural Afro Reggae (comunidade de Vig??rio Geral), o Grupo Pela Vidda (portadores do HIV) dentre outras. O CIPRO oferece n??o s?? cursos de qualifica????o profissional, mas tamb??m uma infra-estrutura que permita aos alunos praticarem aquilo que aprenderam. Nossa clientela ?? de pessoas que procuram a DRT/RJ para receberem seu seguro desemprego. Tamb??m s??o atendidas pessoas discriminadas ou sem seguro desemprego. O projeto foi oficialmente lan??ado em 28/05/99. Apesar de n??o possuir quaisquer recursos financeiros, treinou em seu primeiro ano de atividade mais de 180 alunos em inform??tica, produ????o cultural e gest??o social. O CIPRO ?? um projeto social constru??do a partir do n??o paternalismo: instrutores s??o ex-alunos e coordenadores s??o ex-administradores, todos entendendo que sua inser????o no mercado de trabalho somente se dar?? a partir do seu esfor??o pessoal e de sua compet??ncia profissional

Consultas m??dicas: oferta, demanda, mudan??a cultural e o fim das filas

Este projeto refere-se ?? implementa????o de uma sistem??tica de marca????o de consultas desenvolvida pela Se????o de Arquivo M??dico e Estat??stica do Centro T??cnico Aeroespacial de S??o Jos?? dos Campos. Ap??s um levantamento te??rico e a an??lise dos dados estat??sticos sobre o problema da fila, foi deduzida uma f??mula matem??tica que regula a oferta de consultas. O agendamento de consultas por telefone e um software, foram os instrumentos utilizados para a nova sistem??tica, que veio acompanhada de uma ampla campanha junto aos usu??rios para estimular o novo procedimento. A postura de dar transpar??ncia ao processo fez com que o usu??rio adquirisse confian??a para marcar sua consulta pelo telefone, sem o risco de se sentir preterido por n??o estar presente no hospital. O projeto eliminou as filas sem o aumento do n??mero de m??dicos ou do n??mero de consultas por m??dico