Conception et application d'une grille d'analyse visant à évaluer le style d'animation

Cet essai a pour objectif de découvrir le style d'animation effectué par des animateurs de groupes de parents d'adolescents. De plus, nous voulons observer ce qui peut différer et être semblable d'un animateur à l'autre. Par le fait même, il nous sera possible de vérifier quel est l'impact du style d'animation sur les participants d'un groupe. Afin d'atteindre cet objectif, nous avons enregistré sur bandes vidéoscopiques chacune des six séances de trois groupes. Pour évaluer et comparer les animateurs, nous avons élaboré une grille d'analyse permettant de coder chacune des interventions de ceux-ci. L'élaboration d'une telle grille a bien sûr exigé une revue littéraire autant sur le phénomène de la dynamique de groupe que sur les grilles d'analyse déjà existantes utilisées dans ce domaine. Il est également nécessaire de suivre une méthodologie rigoureuse afin de s'assurer de la validité de la grille. L'application de cette grille devrait nous permettre d'obtenir un portrait du style de chacun des animateurs et de leurs interactions avec les participants ainsi que sur la dynamique de groupe. Finalement, après avoir appliqué cette grille et recueilli les données utiles aux fins de cette étude, nous évaluerons la dite grille et ferons les recommandations appropriées afin de permettre à d'autres intervenants de l'utiliser au besoin.

Les rapports entre le climat organisationnel, le style de gestion et la situation de la direction d'école

Le monde de l'éducation est en effervescence depuis près de trente ans au Québec. Nous sommes passés de l'éducation réservée à un petit groupe de gens privilégiés qui avaient accès aux études secondaires et supérieures, à l'accessibilité pour tous. Cet objectif du Ministère de l'éducation, du début des années soixante, a généré une augmentation presqu'incontrôlable de la clientèle. À ce moment, les autorités se sont précipitées sur ce qui apparaissait le plus urgent: 1) La construction de bâtisses; ainsi sont nés polyvalentes et cegeps. 2) Avec l'augmentation de clientèle, il faut voir l'augmentation du nombre d'enseignants et autres personnels avec des préparations plus ou moins adéquates dans plusieurs cas. 3) Plus tard la gestion et l'encadrement de ces organismes sont devenus des objets de préoccupations. Les postes de cadres d'écoles étaient occupés par des personnes qui n'avaient pas ou peu de préparation sauf des expériences dans l'enseignement. Pour d'autres, c'était le transfert de l'industrie à l'enseignement. Ces trois éléments ont produit des effets secondaires sur le système scolaire du Québec. Le premier des trois éléments a généré des changements importants au niveau de la culture scolaire. Alors que la population scolaire du Québec avait vécu dans de petites écoles et dans des milieux plus ou moins populeux où l'école de quartier était le lieu de vie en éducation, on assiste à des regroupements de plus en plus grands afin d'offrir de meilleures possibilités du côté des ressources matérielles, physiques et humaines. La façon de vivre l'éducation s'en trouvait beaucoup changée. Le deuxième élément traite de l'augmentation importante des besoins comme enseignants ou autres personnels d'encadrement. L'augmentation de la clientèle et la laïcisation de l'éducation sont deux éléments qui influencèrent beaucoup l'éducation. Alors que pendant de nombreuses années les communautés religieuses avaient fourni les personnels dans les écoles, tout à coup on décide de les mettre de côté pour utiliser des laïcs, ces derniers n'étaient pas tous bien pré parés. […]

La stabilité du style interactif chez des garçons réputés agressifs

Cette recherche observationnelle de type longitudinal porte sur l'étude de la stabilité du style interactif des garçons réputés agressifs. Elle vise à décrire les styles interactifs. L'agression, la prosocialité, la dominante sociale sont étudiées. Les styles interactifs basés sur les mesures observationnelles sont comparés aux styles interactifs créés à partir des questionnaires d'évaluation des comportements sociaux (QECS) remplis par les enseignantes et les enseignants. L'influence de l'âge, du type d'activité et des caractéristiques des groupes de pairs est examinée au regard de l'expression des conduites. Douze garçons réputés agressifs ont participé à l'âge de 9 ans, 1 1 ans et 15 ans à des activités de groupe avec 31 garçons réputés agressifs et 17 garçons non agressifs. Les séances d'activité ont été filmées afin de permettre l'observation différée. La technique d'observation dite par centration focale est privilégiée. Les résultats portant sur les mesures observationnelles indiquent que les garçons présentent des styles très diversifiés. L'examen des composantes indique qu'il y a beaucoup de variabilité selon les facteurs temporel et situationnel. Les sujets-cibles émettent plus de prosocialité que toutes autres conduites. Les analyses mettent en évidence un effet significatif d'activité. Les garçons manifestent plus de prosocialité et de dominance prosociale à la collation alors qu'ils émettent plus de conduites liées à la dominance sociale lors du casse-tête. L'âge tend à avoir une certaine influence. Les garçons manifestent plus de prosocialité et de dominance sociale à l'âge de 9 ans qu'à l’âge de 11 ans. Les analyses portant sur le jugement des enseignantes et des enseignants lors d'évaluation en milieu scolaire révèlent qu'il y a peu de concordance d'un point d'évaluation à l'autre au point de vue de la prosocialité et de l'agression. De même, il existe peu de concordance entre le jugement des enseignantes et des enseignants versus les mesures observationnelles. Les enseignantes et les enseignants sur-évaluent les conduites d'agression et sous-évaluent les conduites prosociales plus souvent que ne le font les observatrices. En milieu scolaire, les enseignantes et les enseignants jugent qu'avec le temps, les garçons présentent significativement moins d'agression tandis que les conduites prosociales demeurent peu élevées tout au long de l'étude. Un regard critique est porté sur le Questionnaire d'évaluation des comportements sociaux. Les analyses portant sur le phénomène de similarité et de dissimilarité révèlent un phénomène de similarité entre les sujets et leur groupe d'activité à l'âge de neuf ans et à l'âge de 11 ans. À l'âge de 15 ans, les sujets émettent significativement moins de conduites d'agression que leur groupe d'activité, en fait, ils n'en émettent pas. Cependant, ils émettent autant de prosocialité, de dominance sociale et de dominance prosociale. Dans l'ensemble, les analyses révèlent que le style interactif des garçons réputés agressifs présenterait une certaine plasticité. Ces garçons auraient donc une capacité de s'adapter selon les situations et les caractéristiques des groupes de pairs. Un échantillon plus grand de sujets permettrait d'effectuer des analyses par catégorisation.

Popular singing and style.

Popular Singing serves as a practical guide to exploring the singing voice while helping to enhance vocal confidence in a range of popular styles. The book provides effective alternatives to traditional voice training methods, and demonstrates how these methods can be used to create a flexible and unique sound.

Petr Eben's oratorio Apologia Sokratus (1967) and ballet Curses and Blessings (1983): An interpretative analysis of the symbolism behind the text settings and musical style

The Czech composer Petr Eben (1927-2007) has written music in all genres except symphony, but he is highly recognized for his organ and choral compositions, which are his preferred genres. His vocal works include choral songs and vocal-instrumental works at a wide range of difficulty levels, from simple pedagogical songs to very advanced and technically challenging compositions. This study examines two of Eben‘s vocal-instrumental compositions. The oratorio Apologia Sokratus (1967) is a three-movement work; its libretto is based on Plato‘s Apology of Socrates. The ballet Curses and Blessings (1983) has a libretto compiled from numerous texts from the thirteenth to the twentieth centuries. The formal design of the ballet is unusual—a three-movement composition where the first is choral, the second is orchestral, and the third combines the previous two played simultaneously. Eben assembled the libretti for both compositions and they both address the contrasting sides of the human soul, evil and good, and the everlasting fight between them. This unity and contrast is the philosophical foundation for both compositions. The dissertation discusses the multileveled meanings behind the text settings and musical style of the oratorio and ballet in analyses focusing on the text, melodic and harmonic construction, and symbolism. Additional brief analyses of other vocal and vocal-instrumental compositions by Eben establish the ground for the examination of the oratorio and ballet and for understanding features of the composer‘s musical style. While the oratorio Apologia Sokratus was discussed in short articles in the 1970s, the ballet Curses and Blessings has never previously been addressed within Eben scholarship. The dissertation examines the significant features of Eben‘s music. His melodic style incorporates influences as diverse as Gregorian chant and folk tunes on the one hand, and modern vocal techniques such as Sprechgesang and vocal aleatoricism on the other. His harmonic language includes bitonality and polytonality, used to augment the tonal legacy of earlier times, together with elements of pitch collections and limited serial procedures as well as various secundal and quartal harmonic sonorities derived from them. His music features the vibrant rhythms of folk music, and incorporates other folk devices like ostinato, repetitive patterns, and improvisation.

Are we all castrati? Venanzio Rauzzini: ‘The father of a new style in English singing’

Though the castrato has been absent from the operatic stage since the nineteenth century, this voice is often described as the mysterious link in understanding the vocal techniques attributed to bel canto. The mystery lies in the fact that the voice of the operatic castrato cannot be heard by modern ears; and yet its legacy can be seen in the vocal tuition of several successful opera singers at the turn of the nineteenth century. What is unusual about this period is that some of the most successful singers of the day, including Nancy Storace, John Braham and Elizabeth Billington were British and shared the same vocal teacher. The castrato Venanzio Rauzzini (1746-1810) began his career as a primo uomo on the continent and while he established himself in various areas of musical activity, his main contribution and legacy was as a vocal teacher. During his residency in Britain from 1774 until his death, he trained several leading British professional singers who were the stars of opera in London and on the continent. They each demonstrated a use of techniques associated with the castrato vocal aesthetic and popularised a new vocal style, which can be traced to Rauzzini. Through this thesis, I will draw attention to the importance of Rauzzini’s impact on vocal teaching practice in Britain and his wider influence on the development of vocal style. I will demonstrate that Rauzzini should be considered part of the vocal teaching canon to which Pier Francesco Tosi (c.1653-1732), Nicola Porpora (1686-1768) and Manual García II (1805-1906), three other foreign vocal teachers, who were resident in Britain, already belong. By examining exactly what the expected vocal aesthetics were for all singers, castrato, non-castrated male and female during the period in which Rauzzini was active, I will demystify the castrato technique and provide a more tangible understanding of what this encompassed, demonstrating that many of these techniques were learned, performed and popularised by other voice types such as the female soprano and the male tenor.

From physics to metaphysics: philosophy and style in the critical writings of T. S. Eliot (1913-1935)

This thesis considers Eliot's critical writing from the late 1910s till the mid-1930s, in the light of his PhD thesis - Knowledge and Experience in the Philosophy of F. H. Bradley - and a range of unpublished material: T S. Eliot's Philosophical Essays and Notes (1913- 4) in the Hayward Bequest (King's College, Cambridge University); T. S. Eliot's Family Papers in the T. S. Eliot Collection at the Houghton Library (Harvard University); and items from the Harvard University Archives at the Pusey Library. 'Me thesis offers a comprehensive view of Eliot's critical development throughout this important period. It starts by considering The Sacred Wood's ambivalence towards the metaphysical philosophy of F. H. Bradley and Eliot's apparent adoption of a scientific method, under the influence of Bertrand Russell. It will be argued that Eliot uses rhetorical strategies which simultaneously subvert the method he is propounding, and which set the tone for an assessment of his criticism throughout the 1920s. His indecision, in this period, about the label 'Metaphysical' for some poets of the seventeenth century, reveals the persistence of the philosophical thought he apparently rejects in 1916, when he chooses not to pursue a career in philosophy in Harvard. This rhetorical tactic achieves its fulfilment in Dante (1929), where Eliot finds a model in the medieval allegorical method and 'philosophical' poetry. Allegory is also examined in connection with the evaluation of Eliot's critical writings themselves to determine, for instance, the figurative dimension of his early scientific vocabulary and uncover metaphysical residues he had explicitly disowned but would later embrace. Finally, it is suggested that, the hermeneutics of allegory are historical and it is used here to test the relationship between Eliot's early and later critical writings, that is the early physics and the later metaphysics.

Action-Emotion Style, Learning Approach and Coping Strategies, in Undergraduate University Students

Action-Emotion Style (AES) is an affective-motivational construct that describes the achievement motivation that is characteristic of students in their interaction with stressful situations. Using elements from the Type-A Behavior Pattern (TABP), characteristics of competitiveness and overwork occur in different combinations with emotions of impatience and hostility, leading to a classification containing five categories of action-emotion style (Type B, Impatient-hostile type, Medium type, Competitive-Overworking type and Type A). The objective of the present research is to establish how characteristics of action-emotion style relate to learning approach (deep and surface approaches) and to coping strategies (emotion-focused and problem-focused). The sample was composed of 225 students from the Psychology degree program. Pearson correlation analyses, ANOVAs and MANOVAs were used. Results showed that competitiveness-overwork characteristics have a significant positive association with the deep approach and with problem-focused strategies, while impatience-hostility is thus related to surface approach and emotion-focused strategies. The level of action-emotion style had a significant main effect. The results verified our hypotheses with reference to the relationships between action-emotion style, learning approaches and coping strategies.

Attachment Style, Therapeutic Alliance and Recovery in forensic mental health: the A-STAR study and clinical research portfolio

Background: Research suggests that forensic mental health services and staff can play an important role in the recognition and intervention with attachment-related behaviours to promote engagement and recovery. There is a lack of literature exploring whether the attachment needs of forensic service-users are recognised and, associations between attachment style and factors predictive of recovery. Aims: This study aimed to examine the extent to which service-users and keyworkers agree about service-users’ attachment and to identify whether attachment was associated with service attachment, working alliance, ward climate and recovery. Methods: Twenty-two service-users from low and medium secure forensic services, completed questionnaire measures of their attachment style, service attachment, working alliance, ward climate and experiences of recovery. Nineteen keyworkers completed measures of the service-users attachment style and working alliance. Results: There was strong agreement between service-users and staff for attachment anxiety (ICC=0.71) but poor agreement for attachment avoidance (ICC=0.39). Service attachment was associated with more positive perceptions of staff support (r=0.49) and avoidant attachment was associated with lower ratings of recovery (r=-0.51). Correlations between attachment style and service attachment, working alliance and ward climate were small and non-significant. Conclusions: A focus on staff training to support recognition of the nature and impact of avoidant attachment styles is indicated. The findings suggest that interventions to enhance staff - service-user relationships may be important for service attachment and indeed promotion of a recovery focused orientation amongst service-users high in avoidant attachment may improve wellbeing and outcomes.

Adult attachment style and cortisol responses in women in late pregnancy

Suporte financeiro e não financeiro da Maternidade Alfredo da Costa, Lisboa, Portugal

Burda Style -lehden käännökset. Funktionaalinen käännösanalyysi

Tässä tutkielmassa vertaillaan Burda Style -lehden käännöksiä alkuperäisestä saksan kielestä englannin, ranskan, suomen ja unkarin kielelle käännöstieteilijä Christiane Nordin käännöslähtöisen analyysimallin avulla. Tutkin erityisesti lehden ompeluohjeosiota, joka on lehdessä itsenäinen kokonaisuus. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää, miten ompeluohjeiden informaatio on säilynyt käännöksessä ja miten sitä on mahdollisesti muokattu uusi vastaanottaja huomioon ottaen. Burda Style on saksalainen lehti, jolla on pitkä historia. Lehti ilmestyy nykyään 99 maassa ja se on käännetty 17 kielelle. Christiane Nordin käännöslähteisessä analyysimallissa tarkastellaan tekstin ulkoisia ja sisäisiä tekijöitä. Analyysimalli on joustava ja tarkastelunkohteita voidaan käyttää niiden tarpeen mukaan. Tekstin ulkoisia tekijöitä ovat: lähettäjä, lähettäjän aikomus, vastaanottaja, väline, paikka aika, motiivi sekä funktio. Tekstin sisäisiä tekijöitä taas ovat: aihe, sisältö, presuppositiot, rakenne, nonverbaaliset elementit, sanasto, rakenne sekä suprasegmentaaliset piirteet. Nord esittelee nämä tekijät hyvin selkeästi teoksessaan Text Analysis in Translation: Theory, Methodology, and Didactic Application of a Model for Translation-Oriented Text Analysis (1991) ja tämä teos onkin tärkein teos tutkielmani kannalta. Lähestyn toisaalta aineistoani myös Katharina Reissin ja Hans J. Vermeerin funktionaalisen käännösanalyysimallin avulla, jonka mukaan kääntämisen ensisijainen tehtävä on mahdollistaan tekstin toimivuus uudessa tilanteessa. Tekstin skopos, eli funktio, määrää ensisijaisesti jokaisessa käännösvalinnan. Käytän työssäni Reissin ja Vermeerin teosta Mitä kääntäminen on: teoriaa ja käytäntöä (1986). Tutkielman empiirisessä osassa analysoin ompeluohjeet Nordin ulkoisten ja sisäisten tekijöiden avulla. Jotkut tekijät ovat toisia oleellisempia, siksi perehdyn tiettyihin tekijöihin enemmän. Tutkielmassa ilmeni, että lehtiä oli muokattu jonkin verran uutta vastaanottajaa huomioon ottaen. Ohjeisiin oli mm. tehty poistoja sekä lisäyksiä. Tekstilajin konventiot oli otettu hyvin huomioon eri käännöksissä ja ammattisanastoa oli tasapuolisesti. Suurimman muutoksen käännösprosessissa oli kokenut unkarinkielinen käännös, josta oli poistettu monia osakokonaisuuksia alkuperäiseen nähden.

Optimal resource allocation and budgeting in libraries

Libraries since their inception 4000 years ago have been in a process of constant change. Although, changes were in slow motion for centuries, in the last decades, academic libraries have been continuously striving to adapt their services to the ever-changing user needs of students and academic staff. In addition, e-content revolution, technological advances, and ever-shrinking budgets have obliged libraries to efficiently allocate their limited resources among collection and services. Unfortunately, this resource allocation is a complex process due to the diversity of data sources and formats required to be analyzed prior to decision-making, as well as the lack of efficient integration methods. The main purpose of this study is to develop an integrated model that supports libraries in making optimal budgeting and resource allocation decisions among their services and collection by means of a holistic analysis. To this end, a combination of several methodologies and structured approaches is conducted. Firstly, a holistic structure and the required toolset to holistically assess academic libraries are proposed to collect and organize the data from an economic point of view. A four-pronged theoretical framework is used in which the library system and collection are analyzed from the perspective of users and internal stakeholders. The first quadrant corresponds to the internal perspective of the library system that is to analyze the library performance, and costs incurred and resources consumed by library services. The second quadrant evaluates the external perspective of the library system; user’s perception about services quality is judged in this quadrant. The third quadrant analyses the external perspective of the library collection that is to evaluate the impact of the current library collection on its users. Eventually, the fourth quadrant evaluates the internal perspective of the library collection; the usage patterns followed to manipulate the library collection are analyzed. With a complete framework for data collection, these data coming from multiple sources and therefore with different formats, need to be integrated and stored in an adequate scheme for decision support. A data warehousing approach is secondly designed and implemented to integrate, process, and store the holistic-based collected data. Ultimately, strategic data stored in the data warehouse are analyzed and implemented for different purposes including the following: 1) Data visualization and reporting is proposed to allow library managers to publish library indicators in a simple and quick manner by using online reporting tools. 2) Sophisticated data analysis is recommended through the use of data mining tools; three data mining techniques are examined in this research study: regression, clustering and classification. These data mining techniques have been applied to the case study in the following manner: predicting the future investment in library development; finding clusters of users that share common interests and similar profiles, but belong to different faculties; and predicting library factors that affect student academic performance by analyzing possible correlations of library usage and academic performance. 3) Input for optimization models, early experiences of developing an optimal resource allocation model to distribute resources among the different processes of a library system are documented in this study. Specifically, the problem of allocating funds for digital collection among divisions of an academic library is addressed. An optimization model for the problem is defined with the objective of maximizing the usage of the digital collection over-all library divisions subject to a single collection budget. By proposing this holistic approach, the research study contributes to knowledge by providing an integrated solution to assist library managers to make economic decisions based on an “as realistic as possible” perspective of the library situation.

Montana Style: The Koch Bros. & Talking Cows

A Montana Public Radio Commentary by Evan Barrett. Published newspaper columns written by Evan Barrett on this topic, which vary somewhat in content from this commentary, appeared in the following publications: Montana Standard, June 2, 2015 Ravalli Republic, June 4, 2015 Missoulian, June 5, 2015 Montana Public Radio, June 8, 2015