Theory with a unique thermal effective potential

We show that for the pion-nucleon theory the thermal bubble graph is analytic at the origin of the momentum-frequency space, although the internal propagators in the loop have the same mass. This means that, for this theory, the thermal effective potential is uniquely defined. We then examine how a slight modification of the interaction term results in a theory for which the thermal bubble graph displays the usual nonanalyticity at the origin and the thermal effective potential is not uniquely defined.

Zirconia foams prepared by integration of the sol-gel method and dual soft template techniques

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Abnormal evening vertical plasma drift and effects on ESF and EIA over Brazil-South Atlantic sector during the 30 October 2003 superstorm

Equatorial F region vertical plasma drifts, spread F and anomaly responses, in the south American longitude sector during the superstorm of 30 October 2003, are analyzed using data from an array of instruments consisting of Digisondes, a VHF radar, GPS TEC and scintillation receivers in Brazil, and a Digisonde and a magnetometer in Jicamarca, Peru. Prompt penetrating eastward electric field of abnormally large intensity drove the F layer plasma up at a velocity ∼1200 ms -1 during post dusk hours in the eastern sector over Brazil. The equatorial anomaly was intensified and expanded poleward while the development of spread F/plasma bubble irregularities and GPS signal scintillations were weaker than their quiet time intensity. Significantly weaker F region response over Jicamarca presented a striking difference in the intensity of prompt penetration electric field between Peru and eastern longitudes of Brazil. The enhanced post dusk sector vertical drift over Brazil is attributed to electro-dynamics effects arising energetic particle precipitation in the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA). These extraordinary results and their longitudinal differences are presented and discussed in this paper. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.

E-commerce environment and trade promotion for Latin America: policy implications from East Asian and advanced economies' experiences

Includes bibliography

Light microscopic evaluation and scanning electron microscopic analysis of horse eyes following deep anterior lamellar keratectomy

Objective To describe the technique of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) with Descemet's membrane (DM) exposure in horse eyes. Also, to compare the efficacy and safety of viscodissection and big-bubble techniques for DALK. Animals studied Thirty-four ex vivo horse eyes. Procedure Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty was performed in 34 ex vivo horse eyes. Two groups (Group V - viscodissection - 2% sodium hyaluronate; Group A - air - big-bubble) of 17 eyes were studied. Other than the substance used, the surgical technique was similar for both groups. Nonperforated eyes were submitted for light microscopic histologic evaluation and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Results Group V - Perforations occurred in 18% of the eyes during surgery. Light microscopy revealed exposure of DM in 28% of the eyes with mean thickness of the remaining stroma being 70.4μm. Group A - Perforations occurred in 42% of the eyes. Light microscopy revealed exposure of DM in 60% of the eyes with mean thickness of the remaining stroma being 23.3μm. No significant differences in safety, efficacy and thickness of the remaining stroma (including all eyes or excluding those with DM exposure) were observed. SEM of the surgical site revealed a more even surface in those eyes with DM exposure compared to eyes with thicker remaining stroma in both groups. Conclusions We describe two DALK techniques (viscodissection and big-bubble) for use in horses. No significant differences in safety, efficacy and thickness of the remaining stroma were observed. However, a nonsignificant trend toward the big-bubble technique being more efficacious but less safe was observed. © 2012 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.

Estudo experimental do funcionamento de um sistema gas-lif

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Simulação computacional do escoamento bifásico com formação de espuma da mistura óleo-refrigerante R134a ao longo de um tubo reto de seção circular constante

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo experimental do escoamento em torno de cilindros circulares em movimento de rotação

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Efeitos numéricos na simulação de escoamentos gás-sólido em leito fuidizado borbulhante utilizando a teoria cinética dos escoamentos granulares

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

CEPAL Review no.65

Income distribution, poverty and social expenditure in Latin America / José Antonio Ocampo. -- Military expenditure and development in Latin America / Eugenio Lahera and Marcelo Ortúzar. -- Growth, distributive justice and social policy / Andrés Solimano. -- Equity, foreign investment and international competitiveness / Adolfo Figueroa. -- Tensions in Latin American structural adjustment: allocation versus distribution / Daniel M. Schydlowsky. -- Competitiveness and labour regulations / Luis Beccaria and Pedro Galin. -- Latin American families: convergences and divergences in models and policies / Irma Arriagada. -- Free trade agreements and female labour: the Chilean situation / Alicia Frohmann and Pilar Romaguera. -- Macroeconomic trends in Paraguay from 1989 to 1997: consumption bubble and financial crisis / Stephane Straub. -- The strategies pursued by Mexican firms in their efforts to become global players / Alejandra Salas-Porras. -- Regulating the private provision of drinking water and sanitation services / Terence R, Lee and Andrei S. Jouravlev. -- Quality management promotion to improve competitiveness / Hessel Schuurman.

The United States subprime mortgage crisis and its implications for the Caribbean

The bursting of the property bubble – subprime mortgage crisis – in 2007 in the United States has engendered panic, recession fears and turmoil in the global financial system. Although the United States economy grew by 0.6 per cent in the last quarter of 2007, down from 4.9 per cent in the previous quarter, day by day worsening scenarios emerge, from escalating oil prices, to a depreciating dollar and financial institutions’ bailout by the Federal Reserve. Many economists and policy makers share the view that a subprime-led recession – i.e. two consecutive quarters with negative growth – is inevitable and will be much deeper and longer than the 2001 dot-com downturn. Moreover, the critical situation of the financial system has driven some analysts to argue that should the monetary policy response fails to restore confidence among investors, the outcome would be the worst crisis seen since the Great Depression. This pessimism is not only among specialists. Indeed, in late March 2008 the Consumer Confidence Index in the United States recorded its lowest level since February 1992. A recession in the United States will undoubtedly have an important impact on the world economy, despite the continuous rapid growth experienced by emerging economies, particularly China and India. The purpose of this article is threefold: first, to characterize the current situation in the United States economy; second, to discuss the economic policy responses; and finally, to elaborate on how Caribbean economies may be affected.

Diagnostics of equatorial and low latitude ionosphere by TEC mapping over Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

La crisis restructral del capitalismo y sus repercusiones

This article analyzes the structural crisis of capitalism that began when the speculative home mortgage bubble burst in the United States in 2007, and the repercussions of that phenome- non. The current crisis is the outcome of a series of processes unleashed as a result of the crisis of overaccumulation of capital in the 1970s, which generated, on the one hand, the conditions for financial capital’s dominance and, on the other, a new frontier for the accumulation of cap- ital in East Asia, especially in China. The crisis calls into question the centrality of the North American economy, but that does not necessarily mean the shift of capitalism’s hegemonic cen- ter to Asia. Here we will argue that we are headed toward a multipolar world.

Optical coherence tomography evaluation of idiopathic macular hole treatment by gas-assisted posterior vitreous detachment

PURPOSE: To report a case of idiopathic macular hole, with vitreoretinal traction confirmed by optical coherence tomography that was successfully treated by a single intravitreous perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas bubble injection.METHODS: Case report. A 65-year-old patient with idiopathic macular hole (stage 2, one eye) received an intravitreous gas injection and was prospectively followed with optical coherence tomography.RESULTS: A complete posterior vitreous detachment was achieved within 6 weeks after gas injection. Visual acuity improved from 20/80 to 20/25 by 10 months of followup. Optical coherence tomography disclosed vitreoretinal traction release and macular hole closure. No complications were related to the procedure.CONCLUSION: This simple procedure can assist a complete posterior vitreous detachment with relief of the hyaloid-foveolar traction, facilitating macular hole closure. (C) 2001 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Estudo comparativo de fornecedores de piche

This present study aimed at developing a methodology for analyzing on the feasibility of a new supplier of raw materials, industrial of aluminum production technology Soederberg. This raw material is pitch, which will be used in the manufacture of anodes for the electrolytic pot. The supplier to be analyzed is the Chemcoal of Ukrainian origin. Thereby developing techniques for a complete analysis, targeting the physical and chemical properties of pitch, economic feasibility and potential impacts on the client, potroom where these impacts may affect the production of aluminum, skimming factor, bubble noise, plasticity top anode and the anode consumption. After planning the test that was conducted on two strategies to generate greater traceability of impacts, data were collected and then it was made a statistical treatment of the data using statistical tools to generate the minitab greater reliability of results