Qualidade de vida e eficácia adaptativa em estudantes universitários

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida e a qualidade da eficácia adaptativa em estudantes universitários. O estudo foi realizado com 330 participantes e o delineamento transversal. A amostra foi composta por estudantes das 03 áreas: ciências biológicas, exatas e humanas e sociais do centro universitário de Itajubá-MG. os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionários de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-bref e da Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) e a entrevista que foi avaliada através da Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada (EDAO), elaborada por Simon (1989;1998). Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de análise estatística descritiva. A análise dos dados obtidos da amostra total (n=330), quanto aos domínios e a qualidade de vida global QVG, mostraram que a qualidade de visa geral - QVG (16,37) e o domínio das relações sociais (15,73) apresentaram as médias mais altas. Enquanto a menor média (12,95) foi a do domínio físico. Analisando os resultados representados pelas médias de cada área, nota-se que a QVG tem valores mais altos da Ciências Biológicas (16,72), da Ciências Exatas (16,27) e, da Ciências Humanas e Sociais (15,91). Quanto aos domínios da qualidade de vida, considerando a média de cada área, observou-se que os valores mais altos são do domínio das relações sociais distribuídos da seguinte forma: Exatas (15,86), Biológicas (15,84) Humanas e Sociais (15,29). E os menores valores considerando os domínios da qualidade de vida por área foi o do domínio físico: Humanas e sociais (12,68), Exatas (12,91) e Biológicas (13,14) verificou a relação entre o questionário EPM e os domínios e a QVG e observou-se que há uma associação com os domínios (p=<0,0001), sendo a maior correlação (r=-0,51) no domínio psicológico. Para análise das respostas do questionário de triagem EPM, foi utilizado o critério P (10) e P(50) (percentil) considerando o total de resposta SIM possíveis das 76 que compõem o questionário. Sendo P(50) a soma de SIM igual ou maior do que esse valor (38) e P(10) e igual ou menor que o valor 07. De acordo com os resultados dos 330 estudantes que tendo tendência de serem classificados pela EDAo, como estando com adaptação ineficaz ou em crise, foram 12. Quanto aos falsos negativos o total foi de 73, isto é aqueles que obtiveram a soma de sim igual ou menor que 07. E 245 estão fora do percentil de corte, tendo a possibilidade de eles serem classificados, com estando com adaptação eficaz. Para a avaliação da eficácia adaptativa realizou-se 01 entrevista clínica preventiva em cada estudante sendo 03 dos estudantes que obtiveram P(50) e 03 P(10). os resultados mostraram que um (01) obteve o diagnóstico de adaptação ineficaz leve (Grupo 2), dois foram diagnosticados Adaptação ineficaz moderada (Grupo 3), e os três com diagnóstico de adaptação ineficaz severa. Concluímos que o conhecimento sobre a qualidade de vida e a eficácia adaptativa em estudantes universitários possibilita a sistematização de programas direcionados à saúde mental no campo acadêmico.

QUALIDADE DE VIDA E EFICÁCIA ADAPTATIVA DE PESSOAS COM OBESIDADE

A obesidade é uma doença crônica que vem acometendo, progressivamente, cada vez mais pessoas no mundo. Por ser uma patologia de difícil controle que favorece a eclosão de outros agravos à saúde, é premente a necessidade de realização de pesquisas que possam contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento dos tratamentos, bem como para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e eficácia adaptativa. Sendo assim, a presente pesquisa visou avaliar a percepção da qualidade de vida (QV), a eficácia adaptativa (EDAO) e o funcionamento global (AGF) de pessoas com obesidade, relacionando os resultados obtidos na avaliação da percepção da QV com os da eficácia adaptativa, bem como aos do funcionamento global (AGF). Para tanto, utilizou-se o questionário WHOQOL-100 versão em português para avaliação da percepção de qualidade de vida, a Entrevista Diagnóstica Preventiva Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada (EDAO) para a eficácia adaptativa e a Escala de Avaliação do Funcionamento Global (AGF) para o funcionamento global. Este estudo contou com a participação de trinta mulheres obesas (Índice de Massa Corporal IMC >=30 kg/m2), com idade média de 52,33 anos, que utilizavam os serviços de um ambulatório situado na região do Grande ABC, estado de SP. A maioria das participantes se encontrava no grau I de obesidade - 46,70%, situava-se no grau II 33,30% e 20,00% no grau III. O aumento de peso da maioria teve início nas gestações (43,30%), o segundo período onde ocorreu o início do descontrole do peso corporal foi entre os 40 aos 50 anos (20,00%). Na avaliação geral da QV, observou-se que no domínio VI Aspectos Espirituais/Religião/Crenças Pessoais foi encontrado o maior escore médio (16,17 - DP=2,95 [equivalente a 80,83% do escore máximo que poderia ser obtido]), comparando-o com os demais domínios avaliados. Em oposição, o domínio I Físico foi o que apresentou o menor escore médio (11,77 - DP=2,78 - 58,83%). Todas as participantes se encontravam em ineficácia adaptativa: Grupo 2 Ineficaz Leve (26,7%), no Grupo 3 Ineficaz Moderada (33,3%) e no Grupo 4 Ineficaz Severa (30,0%). Quanto à avaliação do funcionamento global (AGF), notou-se que 36,67% se situavam no intervalo entre 51-60 pontos. 23,33% das participantes no intervalo entre 31-50 pontos. Apenas 23,33% tiveram pontuação acima de 70 pontos. Relacionando os resultados das avaliações, foram encontradas correlações fortes, positivas e significativas entre a avaliação da percepção de qualidade de vida, da eficácia adaptativa e do funcionamento Global.

QUALIDADE DE VIDA, SUPORTE SOCIAL E CONTROLE GLICÊMICO EM PORTADORES DE DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO2

Diabetes Mellitus é uma doença crônica degenerativa que impõe uma série de limitações em função da necessidade de tratamento constante. Por isso, considerou-se que o estudo da qualidade de vida e suporte social poderia trazer conhecimento para melhorar a qualidade das intervenções para estes pacientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de vida, suporte social e controle glicêmico de portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo2. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido com 120 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, atendidos no ambulatório de endocrinologia de um hospital situado na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo. Para coleta dos dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: questionário para caracterização da população, questionário de qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-BREF) e a Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social (EPSS). Os dados referentes ao controle glicêmico foram coletados nos prontuários dos pacientes. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se à estatística descritiva e provas estatísticas (Pearson, QuiQuadrado, Exato de Fisher, Anova e Pos-hoc). Os resultados indicaram que o domínio das relações sociais foi o que mais contribuiu a qualidade de vida. E as variáveis tempo de diagnóstico, insulinoterapia, número de dependentes, escolaridade, dieta e medicação interferiram na qualidade de vida e na qualidade do tratamento. Estes resultados chamam a atenção para que as avaliações médicas devam ser atreladas a avaliações da qualidade de vida, suporte social e também variáveis que interferem na qualidade do tratamento para que, desta forma possam redimensionar ou melhorar fazeres ligados às intervenções com estes pacientes.

Efeito da cinesioterapia do assoalho pélvico na qualidade de vida, função sexual e sintomas climatéricos em mulheres com e sem fibromialgia

OBJETIVO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e comparar o efeito da cinesioterapia na qualidade de vida, função sexual e sintomas climatéricos em mulheres climatéricas com e sem fibromialgia. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 90 mulheres na fase do climatério, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo fibromialgia (47) e grupo controle (43). Todas as pacientes foram avaliadas com relação às seguintes variáveis pré e pós-intervenção: qualidade de vida (Utian Quality of Life - UQOL), função sexual (questionário do Quociente sexual/versão feminina - QS-F) e intensidade dos sintomas climatéricos (Índice Menopausal de Blatt-Kupperman - IMBK). Ambos grupos foram submetidos a programa de cinesioterapia composto de 20 sessões consecutivas, realizada duas vezes por semana com técnicas para percepção, contração voluntária, dissociação e automatização do assoalho pélvico, mobilização de pelve e treino respiratório. Análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes t-Student pareado, análise de variância de delineamento misto e Kappa de Cohen’s, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Em relação à qualidade de vida, foi observada melhora estatisticamente significante no período pós-intervenção em ambos os grupos para todos os domínios avaliados. Entretanto, na análise intergrupo foi evidenciado diferença estatisticamente significante nos domínios emocional (p=0,01), saúde (0,03) e sexual (p=0,001) com ganhos mais expressivos para o grupo controle. Quanto à função sexual, foi verificada elevação significativa dos escores em ambos os grupos, após a intervenção; na análise intergrupo as mulheres com fibromialgia apresentaram escores inferiores ao grupo controle (p<0,001). Em relação aos sintomas climatéricos não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na analise intergrupo pós-intervenção (p=0,73), entretanto, ambos os grupos apresentaram redução significativa da sintomatologia após a intervenção (p<0,001). CONCLUSÕES: A cinesioterapia do assoalho pélvico exerce efeito benéfico sobre os domínios da qualidade de vida, função sexual e sintomatologia climatérica em mulheres com e sem fibromialgia na fase do climatério, entretanto a fibromialgia parece ser fator limitante para melhores resultados em alguns aspectos avaliados.

Autoeficácia e qualidade de vida de pessoas com úlcera venosa

Venous ulcers (UV) are the result of deep venous insufficiency or obstruction leading to venous hypertension in the lower limbs and lesions. Self-efficacy is the belief in the ability to successfully perform a given task or exhibit behavior that leads to a desirable outcome. Nursing needs to know and explore the influence of self-efficacy on quality of life (QOL) of people with UV, seeking to exercise holistic care. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the correlation of self-efficacy for pain control and functionality with the QOL of people with UV in primary health care. It is a cross-sectional, analytical, quantitative study with people with UV in family health strategy and mixed units in Natal / RN. We used the instruments: sociodemographic and health questionnaire, domains self-efficacy for pain control and self-efficacy for functionality of Scale of Self-Efficacy for Chronic Pain (SFCD) and the Charing Cross Venous Ulcer Questionnaire (CCVUQ). The sample included 101 people in the self-efficacy scale for functionality and 89 in self-efficacy for pain, for twelve patients reported no pain at the time of collection, and therefore were excluded from the application of the scale of selfefficacy for pain. The project was approved by the ethics committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (CAAE No. 07556312.0.0000.5537), serving Resolution 466/12. Women predominated (66.3%), elderly (61.4%), married or in a stable relationship (63.4%), low income (90.1%) and education (85.1%), inactive (75.2%), associated chronic diseases (60.4%), more than six hours of sleep / day (82.2%), non-drinkers / smokers (80.2%), chronic injury (73.3%) and moderate to severe pain (76.2%). Self-efficacy for pain (mean 67.3, SD 26.6) was less committed to the self-efficacy for functionality (mean 59.4 SD 25.9), with statistical difference (pvalue = 0.011). No significant associations were found between self-efficacy for pain control and functionality with the sociodemographic and health characteristics. When considering the total mean CCVUQ (mean 52.1, SD 16.6), QOL of respondents tended to worsen, with the aesthetic domain the most committed (mean 57.6, SD 24.0), followed by emotional state (mean 57.0, SD 25.7), social interaction (mean 48.4, SD 21.4) and household activities (mean 43.6, SD 23.3) . We found negative and significant correlations between self-efficacy for pain and CCVUQ total score (r = -0,324; p = 0,001), the social interaction domain (r = -0,278; p = 0,008), household activities (r = - 0,285; p = 0,007) and state emotional (r = -0,247; p = 0,019). Likewise, between selfefficacy for functionality and the CCVUQ total score (r = -0,553; p < 0,001), the social interaction domain (r = -0,553; p < 0,001), household activities (r = -0,594; p < 0,001) and emotional status (r = -0,259; p = 0,009). The aesthetic domain showed negative correlation but weak and not significant with self-efficacy for pain (r = -0, 155; p = 0,147) and functionality (r = -0,189; p = 0,058). It became evident the correlation between self-efficacy for pain control and functionality and the domains social interaction, household activities and emotional state, the quality of life of people with UV

Impacto da fibromialgia sobre a qualidade de vida e função sexual em mulheres no climatério

OBJETIVO: analisar o impacto da fibromialgia sobre os sinais e sintomas climatéricos, qualidade de vida, função sexual em mulheres na fase do climatério. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo observacional analítico de corte transversal, envolvendo 161 mulheres na fase do climatério. As participantes foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo sem fibromialgia (83) e grupo com fibromialgia (78). As variáveis investigadas foram: Qualidade de vida medida através do questionário UQOL (Utian Quality of Life), Função sexual analisada através do questionário Quociente Sexual - versão feminina (QS-F) e sinais e sintomas climatéricos avaliados pelo Índice menopausal de Blatt & Kupperman (IMBK). No estudo estatístico, foi realizada análise inferencial através do método de modelos lineares generalizados. Para análise do UQOL e seus domínios assim como o QS-F e IMBK, foi utilizado uma função de ligação linear de Log Poisson com exposição de contrastes para os níveis dos fatores de exposição. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: No grupo fibromialgia foram observados escores significativamente inferiores para o domínio ocupacional UQOL (p 0,01) e UQOL total (p = 0,02), em comparação ao grupo sem fibromialgia. O grupo de mulheres com fibromialgia apresentou escores superiores em relação à intensidade dos sinais e sintomas climatéricos (p ˂0,01) e escores inferiores na avaliação da função sexual pelo QS-F (p = 0,01), quando comparado ao grupo sem fibromialgia. As mulheres mais jovens, com trabalhos extra domicílio, maior renda e maior grau de escolaridade apresentaram melhores escores na qualidade de vida em todos os domínios. Quanto aos sinais e sintomas climatéricos, a renda mais alta e maior tempo de escolaridade exerceram associação direta com sinais e sintomas mais leves, entretanto, quanto mais jovens, maior relação com sintomatologia mais intensa. Em relação à função sexual, melhores escores estiveram associados com idade entre 45 a 49 anos e trabalho extra domicílio. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo permitem concluir que o diagnóstico de fibromialgia na fase do climatério apresentase como influência negativa no domínio ocupação da qualidade de vida, sinais e sintomas climatéricos e função sexual, sendo esta associação influenciada significativamente por diversos fatores sócio demográficos

Alterações de equilíbrio postural e qualidade de vida em mulheres no ciclo gravídico puerperal

INTRODUCTION: The pregnancy and childbirth cause many changes in a woman's life, whether physical, hormonal, emotional or social. Such changes may affect the postural balance and the quality of life of women in pregnancy and may persist after delivery. To analyze changes in postural balance and quality of life in women in pregnancy and postpartum. METHODS: This study consisted of 47 women participants of the Course for Pregnant Women of the Department of Physical Therapy at UFRN, evaluated during pregnancy (2° or 3° trimester) and in the period 1-8 months postpartum. In all participants was evaluated the postural balance, the Balance Master® in five specific tests: (1) Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance-MCTSIB; (2) Rhythmic Weight Shift Test - RWS (3) unilateral stance - US, (4) Sit to Stand - STS, and (5) Walk Across - WA. The quality of life (QoL) was assessed by applying the Quality Score of life Ferrans & Powers (IQVFP), both during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. For statistical analysis we used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software for Personal Computer- SPSS (version 20.0), applying the tests: Shapiro-Wilk to assess the normality of the data; Chi-square to analyze the frequency of postural balance changes in the two groups of pregnancy and postpartum in both groups; McNemar test to analyze balance disorders frequency of related samples in the two time points; to compare the behavior of postural balance during pregnancy and postpartum, and to compare the QoL between the periods, we used the Wilcoxon test; and yet, the MannWhitney test to compare the QoL scores in the two groups of pregnancy and postpartum in both groups. We adopted p-value <0.05. RESULTS: Comparing the postural balance during pregnancy and postpartum in MSTSIB test has statistical difference in unstable surface with closed eyes (p=0.001) and in the US test, the speed of oscillation with right leg with eyes closed (p=0,03). Quality of life, there was statistical difference between the scores only among postpartum groups, the family domain (p=0.03); and to comparing pregnancy and postpartum in domain health and operation (p=0.02) and the Socioeconomic domain (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that the balance changes present during pregnancy persist postpartum, and the quality of life is considered good by women, both during pregnancy and postpartum.

Satisfação e impacto da saúde oral na qualidade de vida em pacientes reabilitados com prótese total dupla

Introduction: The rehabilitation of edentulous patients is one of the main challenges of Dentistry. Objective: To assess the satisfaction and the impact of oral health on quality of life of patients rehabilitated with conventional complete dentures in both arcades. Method: A clinical trial with 25 patients rehabilitated with CCD was conducted. The impact of oral health in individuals quality of life was evaluated through the Brazilian version of the OHIP-Edent and the patient satisfaction was evaluated using a specific questionnaire. The instruments were applied before and 3 months after rehabilitation. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement (p <0.001) on the impact of the quality of life of the denture users after the new rehabilitation. The analysis of 4 OHIP domains also showed statistically significant improvement (p <0.001). The final overall satisfaction with the dentures was statistically superior to initial satisfaction (p <0.001). The analysis of the specific aspects of satisfaction with CCD after 3 months of rehabilitation also showed significant results in the improvement of every aspect. Conclusion: Patients disappointed with their dentures, have their quality of life improved after the new rehabilitation, reducing the negative impact of the prostheses on oral health, and improving their satisfaction with the rehabilitation.

Estudo comparativo entre antipsicóticos atípicos no tratamento da esquizofrenia e sua influência na qualidade de vida dos pacientes

Schizophrenia is a severe and persistent mental illness; diagnosis occurs mainly during adolescence. The pharmacological treatment is done with typical and atypical antipsychotics. Atypical have the advantage of reduced extrapyramidal effects, which make them promising for the treatment of schizophrenia, furthermore, they have shown significant metabolic and hormonal changes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine and risperidone on the quality of life and on their adverse effects in schizophrenic patients. For this we analyzed the quality of life of patients with implementation of EuroQol-5D-3L instrument and performing biochemical and hormonal tests, blood pressure measurement, and measurement of anthropometric indices, besides the application of Ugvalg scales for Kliniske Undersgelser (UKU) and Simpson-Angus, who evaluated the side effects caused by drugs. Data were analyzed using the Student t test and chi-square test, with 5% significance level. The results showed that the EuroQol the antipsychotic olanzapine causes significant losses associated with personal care (p <0.001). Comparing the two groups of antipsychotics, the average years of quality-adjusted life, known per QALY was favorable for the risperidone group (p <0.032). The results of olanzapine and risperidone groups were compared. In terms of socioeconomic, it was observed that men used, the prevalent form, olanzapine (p <0.008); this same group showed the following results significantly unfavorable, related to anthropometric variables: waist circumference (p <0.01), hip circumference (p <0.02), weight (p <0.02) and blood pressure (p <0.04). The biochemical and hormonal analyzes showed that olanzapine resulted in losses related to the following variables: triglycerides (p <0.04), HDL cholesterol in men (p < 0.02) and cortisol (p < 0.01). In risperidone users, the only negative value was prolactin (p < 0.04). Regarding the analysis of the Simpson-Angus scale, the group treated with olanzapine was handicapped because the average total scores for olanzapine was 0.38, while for risperidone was 0.11 (p < 0.02). In the UKU scale, the following results were obtained also unfavorable for the olanzapine group: fatigue (P <0.02), dystonia (p <0.01) and tremor (p <0.03). According to the UKU scale, the side effects present in the risperidone group included: gynecomastia (p <0.01), ejaculatory dysfunction (p <0.02) and erectile dysfunction (p <0.02). It was concluded that olanzapine users had the worst score of quality of life, higher metabolic risks associated with overweight and inadequate lipid profile and greater tendency to extrapyramidal manifestations. However, risperidone users were more likely to adverse reactions due to hormonal changes.

Impacto do exercício físico na qualidade de vida e do sono em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS

The increased incidence along to new therapies for the treatment of HIV/AIDS bring way up exercise as a treatment option, as this promotes relevant changes in the general functioning of the body. The objective of this study was to evaluate in different periods the influence of exercise on quality of life and quality of sleep people living with HIV/AIDS, Natal/RN. The sample consisted of 17 people living with HIV/AIDS participating in physical exercise program, along accompanied by 25 months during the period January 2013 to April 2015. We evaluated through specific instruments quality of life, sleep quality and immunological parameters, which were evaluated before starting the exercise program and reassessed during periods of 2-4 months (short), 5-17 months (average period or intermediate) and finally to 19-25 months (long period). The results showed significant differences in five of the nine areas of quality life, pointing positive behaviors, specifically in the areas overall function, life satisfaction, health concerns, concerns about the medication and acceptance to HIV. We conclude that physical exercise promoted benefits both in short and long term, especially for the areas of quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS and also demonstrated positive behavior changes and to aspects of sleep quality.

Qualidade de vida de pessoas com estomias intestinais

Ostomy is an open surgical origin, when it is necessary to deviate temporarily or permanently, the normal transit of food and / or deletions. The patient with ostomy disposal is faced with changes in their physiology, also emerging on the need to care collection bag. This study aimed to analyze the quality of life (QOL) of people living with ostomy Intestinal (EI), who attended the Pediatric and Adult Rehabilitation Center of Rio Grande do Norte (CRI / CRA-RN). It is an analytical study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach, accomplished with 89 people who had EI. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (CEP / UFRN), CAAE: 19866413.3.0000.5537. Held data collection in the period January-March 2015 using two instruments: an adapted general questionnaire covering socio-demographic, clinical and self-care and a specific instrument for assessing QOL of people with stoma titled as City of Hope Quality of Life - Ostomy Questionnaire (COH-QOL-Q), validated and adapted to Portuguese in 2010, composed of four areas, namely: Welfare Body (BEF), Welfare Psychological (BEP), Welfare (BES ) and Spiritual Well-Being (BEE). The collected data were entered into a database in Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheet application and processed in computerized software for descriptive and inferential analysis. The results showed that 83.1% had a colostomy and ileostomy 16.9%. Sociodemographic characteristics prevailed in males (57.3%), over 50 (57.3%), mulatto (46.1%), with presence of companion / a (57.3%), retired / beneficiaries (50.5%), monthly income above the minimum wage (68.5%) and who have studied up to elementary school (67.4%). Regarding clinical aspects, it was observed that the main cause that led to the making of the stoma was the neoplasm (59.6%) followed by trauma (21.3%). The sample showed people with stoma for more than six months (79.8%) of permanently (57.3%), in use sink equipment piece drainable (68.5%) of flat base (82.0%). With respect to self-care, 93.3% emptied and washed the bag alone (care related to hygiene) and 75.3% fixed the new exchange on the skin during the exchange (care related to the stock). Patients with more than six months of ostomy and had no partner (a) had higher averages of self-care related hygiene and purse. The average of respondents QoL scores was 68.90% for General QOL; 68.03% for the BEF; 68.38% for the BEP; 66.46% for BES and 75.41% for BEE. Among the aspects that influenced QOL included: physical strength, pain, suffering and gases (physical domain); appearance, care of the stoma and adaptation to new condition (psychological domain); isolation, interference in personal relationships and social activities (social domain) and going to church or synagogue, spiritual activities and positive change after ostomy (spiritual realm). Based on these results, it is concluded that this was a predominantly adult sample / elderly (between 50 and 70 years), with low education and the cause motivating the stoma, neoplasms. However, such findings did not pass at low percentage levels on the self-care capacity to deliver even at low QOL scores.

Qualidade de vida de pessoas com estomias intestinais

Ostomy is an open surgical origin, when it is necessary to deviate temporarily or permanently, the normal transit of food and / or deletions. The patient with ostomy disposal is faced with changes in their physiology, also emerging on the need to care collection bag. This study aimed to analyze the quality of life (QOL) of people living with ostomy Intestinal (EI), who attended the Pediatric and Adult Rehabilitation Center of Rio Grande do Norte (CRI / CRA-RN). It is an analytical study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach, accomplished with 89 people who had EI. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (CEP / UFRN), CAAE: 19866413.3.0000.5537. Held data collection in the period January-March 2015 using two instruments: an adapted general questionnaire covering socio-demographic, clinical and self-care and a specific instrument for assessing QOL of people with stoma titled as City of Hope Quality of Life - Ostomy Questionnaire (COH-QOL-Q), validated and adapted to Portuguese in 2010, composed of four areas, namely: Welfare Body (BEF), Welfare Psychological (BEP), Welfare (BES ) and Spiritual Well-Being (BEE). The collected data were entered into a database in Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheet application and processed in computerized software for descriptive and inferential analysis. The results showed that 83.1% had a colostomy and ileostomy 16.9%. Sociodemographic characteristics prevailed in males (57.3%), over 50 (57.3%), mulatto (46.1%), with presence of companion / a (57.3%), retired / beneficiaries (50.5%), monthly income above the minimum wage (68.5%) and who have studied up to elementary school (67.4%). Regarding clinical aspects, it was observed that the main cause that led to the making of the stoma was the neoplasm (59.6%) followed by trauma (21.3%). The sample showed people with stoma for more than six months (79.8%) of permanently (57.3%), in use sink equipment piece drainable (68.5%) of flat base (82.0%). With respect to self-care, 93.3% emptied and washed the bag alone (care related to hygiene) and 75.3% fixed the new exchange on the skin during the exchange (care related to the stock). Patients with more than six months of ostomy and had no partner (a) had higher averages of self-care related hygiene and purse. The average of respondents QoL scores was 68.90% for General QOL; 68.03% for the BEF; 68.38% for the BEP; 66.46% for BES and 75.41% for BEE. Among the aspects that influenced QOL included: physical strength, pain, suffering and gases (physical domain); appearance, care of the stoma and adaptation to new condition (psychological domain); isolation, interference in personal relationships and social activities (social domain) and going to church or synagogue, spiritual activities and positive change after ostomy (spiritual realm). Based on these results, it is concluded that this was a predominantly adult sample / elderly (between 50 and 70 years), with low education and the cause motivating the stoma, neoplasms. However, such findings did not pass at low percentage levels on the self-care capacity to deliver even at low QOL scores.

O papel do ambiente residencial na qualidade de vida de idosos: um estudo exploratório em Cabedelo, Paraíba

Currently, the growing aging population challenges the society and public health policies, for increased longevity need to be associated with quality of life. Adequate physical and social environment are key factors for the welfare of the elderly, particularly the housing environment - this thesis understood as the home (dwelling unit) and its surroundings (close proximity). In addition, Brazilian legislation in this sector indicates the importance of the elderly remain at home and in the family. In addition, Brazilian legislation in this sector indicates the importance of the elderly remain at home and in the family. Based on this framework mortar, the thesis was starting questions: How do you live the elderly population aged 80 and over which is served by the Health Family Strategy of the Unified Health System? That social and environmental conditions of the place of residence act more directly on their quality of life? How do these people get housing conditions experienced? The research aimed to investigate how the residential environment (social and physical) influence everyday activities and quality of life of the elderly. Exploratory qualitative study highlighting the home visits, developed based on multimethod strategy. The empirical study was conducted in the city of Cabedelo-PB, Nov/2013 to Feb/2014. Participants were 36 elderly people (31 women and 5 men) aged between 80 and 99 years, little education, who live 39 years in the area (average). In the research first stage were applied questionnaires for socio-demographics and livability of the residence and the surroundings. In the second stage we used semi-structured interview and a tour accompanied in the neighborhood (with those who have accepted to do so). Throughout work it was kept a diary by the researcher and held naturalistic observations of the behavior of the elderly. Quantitative data were described using descriptive statistics, and information from the interviews were analyzed through the Collective Subject Discourse technique. Among the key ideas that emerged from them are: the representation of home, neighborhood support and related issues dyad independence / autonomy. The study showed that the elderly develop strong attachment to the place where he lives, the importance of it for your health and the desire to stay there. Thus, despite experiencing many barriers (more physical than the social), at the place where they live, they say they are satisfied, even when unfavorable conditions are evident. Concluding that as the houses are environmentally more docile, simple changes ensure autonomy, independence and mobility for the elderly. In turn, the barriers of the urban environment show it more difficult to deal with, making this space inhospitable to most survey participants, a condition that hinders your physical activities and social participation, and negatively influence their quality of life.

Avaliação clínica e da qualidade de vida utilizando dois protocolos para recuperação miofuncional em pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgia ortognática: resultados preliminares

The objective of this randomized, blind and prospective clinical trial was to compare the pain, the edema, the mandibular movements, the masticatory efficiency and life quality, in the first 60 days after surgery using 2 different clinical protocols for myofunctional recovery, in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. A sample of 19 patients was used and divided into 2 groups. The control group (CG) consisted of 10 patients who had postoperative rehabilitation guided by a standard protocol, conducted by the Service of Surgery and Traumatology Oral and Maxillofacial. In other hand, the experimental group (EC) totaled 9 patients who received the speech therapy rehabilitation protocol specialized, by professionals in the area. The variables pain, edema and mandibular movements were analyzed during 48h, 96h, 7 days, 14 days, 30 and 60 days post-surgery. The masticatory efficiency and the quality of life were classified with 60 days after surgery . The data were submitted an analysis of variance, Student's t-test and Fisher's independence, at the level of 5% probability. It was identified that patients of GE have benefited in the first 14 days(p<0,001), as they have had reported less pain than those in the CG. Significant statistics differences between groups for pain parameters (after 14 days) (p=0,065), edema(p=0,063), mandibular movements(p=0,068), masticatory efficiency(p=0,630) and the impact on quality of life (p=0,813) were not observed on this study. The speech therapy protocol for myofunctional recovery (EG), although it has not obtained statistical results superiors than the CG in the general context, presents itself as a viable alternative to conventional therapy assumed by many maxillofacial surgeons, allowing the surgeon to optimize time with patients in the period postoperatively.

Cidades saudáveis e qualidade de vida em Uberlândia (MG): aportes metodológicos para um processo em construção

The current study includes theoretical and methodological reflections on the quality of life in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. It started from the thought that the quality of life is multifactorial and is permanently under construction and the main objective of analyzing it as one of the componets of Healthy Cities's moviment. The theoretical research focused on the concepts of healthy cities, quality of life, health, sustainability, well-being, happiness, indexes and indicators. From the use of multiple search strategies, documentary and on field of quantitative and qualitative character, this research of exploratory descriptive nature can offers a contribution to the studies on the quality of life in cities. It is proposed that the studies startes to work with some concept, like some notions os life quality adequated for some paticular reality, whose notions can approach concepts already established as health. This step is important on the exploratory researches. The studies may include aspects of objective analysis, subjective or both. The objective dimension, which is most common approach, are traditionally considered variables and indicators related to: the urban infrastructure (health, education, leisure, security, mobility), dwelling (quantitative and qualitative dwlling deficit), the urban structure (density and mix uses), socioeconomic characteristics (age, income, education), urban infrastructure (sanitation, communication), governance (social mobilization and participation). To focus on the subjective dimension, most recent and unusual, it is proposed to consider the (dis)satisfaction, the personal assessment in relation to the objective aspects. In conclusion, being intrinsically related to the health, the quality of life also has a number of determinants, and the ideal of the reach of quality of life depends on the action of all citizens based on the recognition of networks and territories, in a interescalar perspective and intersectoral. Therefore, emphasis in given on the potential of tools, such as the observatories, to monitor and intervent in reality, aiming in a building process of healthy cities.