Estresse e zumbido: o relaxamento como uma possibilidade de intervenção

The aim of this study was verify the stress on people with tinnitus and the effect of progressive relaxation to modify the perception of tinnitus and reduce the stress. The stress was tested in 50 patients and the intervention was done with 12 people in the sample. In this interview was used the history, symptom inventory stress and progressive relaxation. The results demonstrate that the tinnitus affects the patient’s life in physical and emotional aspects. The intervention with the progressive relaxation showed satisfactory answers such as modification in the perception of tinnitus and stress symptoms. The psychological intervention contributed with how the patients will deal with tinnitus, leading them to learning strategies and coping with the stress and the symptoms.

Uma proposta de psicoterapia breve para paciente com escoriação psicogênica

Psychogenic Excoriation is a psychodermatosis characterized by skin alterations connected to mental processes, which are more common in women. It generates a considerable physical and psychosocial discomfort to the patient, because of the skin lesions. These patients assume to injure their own skin, and it differentiates this diagnosis from the factual dermatitis. This acknowledgement facilitates the insertion of these patients in psychotherapeutic processes, including fast psychotherapy, which can benefit them, especially in hospital contexts such as hospital ambulatories specialized in dermatology. Fast dynamic psychotherapies are described, analyzed and recommended to a psychogenic excoriation patient while introducing the process plan indicated to her. It relates to the clinical study of cases with medical records, psycho interviews and results of the FPI (Factor Personality Inventory). Based on these data, a fast psychotherapy is suggested with defined focus, aim and time, with a therapeutic plan according to what’s recommended in this type of treatment. The main objective is the symptom alleviation besides self-knowledge and insights, clarifying the most important identified psychodynamic conflicts. It’s also suggested that the suggested fast psychotherapy process could well result in important therapeutic gains to the analyzed patient.

Estresse no ambiente de trabalho

Stress relates to the broad and generalized body's responses to various environmental, physical and social situations. It is the force that drives the emotions and motives (desires), but is also the cause of the wear and tear of human existence. This study aims to investigate the stressors in administrative technical servers Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Bauru, as well as on companies providing service within the perimeter of the campus. Was used as a methodology, literature and field research, a questionnaire was applied in order to reach those goals. The profiles of employees who participated in the survey were: both sexes, adults, young people with different educational levels, varying levels of marital and socioeconomic status. The main stressors mentioned by the employees were: workload, dissatisfaction in the workplace, pressure boss or colleagues, as they bring consequences, fatigue or drowsiness, affecting the work environment and mostly family. Physical symptoms of stress are fatigue, difficulty relaxing and headache, and backache. And the psychological symptoms are verbalized concern, agitation, aggression, dissatisfaction, and forgetfulness and feeling of lack of time. It was concluded that these factors negatively affect the quality of life in the work of these employees, interfering with your work, family and socio-emotional life.

Depression, family support and hopelessness: a correlated study

This study aimed to verify the relationship between depression, hopelessness and family support. to this aim, were applied the Escala Baptista de Depressão-Adulto EBADEP- A, The Beck Hopelessness Scale –BHS, Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar- IPSF and a sociodemographic questionnaire on a sample of 198 undergraduate of Pharmacy and Psychology courses of a particular university at São Paulo state (Brazil) with mean age of 23.44 years (SD = 6.8), and with a prevalence of women (80.7%). Results showed significant and positive correlations between EBADEP- A and BHS and significant and negative correlations between EBADEP- A/ BHS and IPSF, indicating that the higher perception of family support the fewer depressive symptoms and hopelessness, agreeing with literature.

Encoprese e intervenção psicológica: revisão de literatura

Studies have shown that encopresis, related to bowel control disorder, can bring significant impact for the individual life, such as low self-esteem and deficits in social interaction. Despite the significant impairment recognized that this disorder can have on child development, the scientific literature has given little attention to the theme, with a low number of publications on the subject. Thus, this paper investigated Brazilian publications in psychology related to encopresis between 1994 and 2013 in data base Lilacs and Scielo. 231 articles were found and were selected those that reported only intervention in encopresis. There were five articles and four published by the same journal and described behavioral interventions, and one author wrote three. The other one was psychoanalytic. The surveys were conducted with children and adolescents and behavioral interventions have been successful with remission of encopresis symptoms. The data affirm the deficiency in publications in the area and possibly limited number of psychologists investigating the issue, which is of significant importance.

Miedo e inseguridad de la gestante durante el trabajo de parto como motivos para la demanda de internación precoz

Objective. To identify reasons why women look for early health care attention at the end of pregnancy. Methodology. Qualitative study based in socio-existential phenomenology proposed by Alfred Schütz. Nine pregnant women who consulted to the maternity service without being in real labor were interviewed. Results. The following analysis categories emerged: Having different symptoms or signals from the ones they had felt or been informed about, not being able to identify real labor, fear to fetal complications for being close to the probable labor date, feeling calmer when being seen by professionals of the institution, lack of problem solving by other services of the health institution, fearing out of hospital delivery, imitating real labor, looking for tranquility in the idealization of labor and modifying behaviors to guarantee attention. Conclusion. Women are insecure and fear because of a fragmented health care, where they do not perceive themselves linked to the prenatal control program anymore, and at the same time they don’t find the health care assistance they want.

Características tomográficas de neoplasias encefálicas primárias em cães

Computed tomography (CT) can be considered an important test to identify the presence of primary brain neoplasias in dogs. CT results can help define the type of brain tumor when associated with clinical findings. It allows the identification of lesions and their features, such as size, location, compression and invasion of adjacent tissue. One must analyze the density, mass effect, peritumoral edema, calcification, and image enhancement after intravenous injection of contrast medium. Gliomas, meningiomas and tumors of the choroid plexus and pituitary are the most common primary brain neoplasms diagnosed by CT in dogs. The aim of this paper is to review the literature related to primary brain tumors and report their most important tomographic features, in order to help clinicians achieve a presumptive diagnosis of tumor type.

Síndrome da apnéia obstrutiva do sono: diagnóstico e tratamento

The Syndrome Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is defined by recurrent episodes of a total or partial obstruction of the airway during sleep, considered apnea and hypopnea respectively. Considered to be increasing by increasing the number of individuals with a disorder breathing, Being continually increasing the number of individuals with a respiratory disorder, OSA can be considered a public health problem that deserves greater attention in relation to diagnoses and treatments that are being conducted. The objective of this study is through a literature review which should be evaluated during the diagnosis and etiology, consequences and treatment of respiratory disorders not adequately treated. The etiology is multifactorial and may be associated with exogenous factors or pathological and anatomical factors. In addition to the own symptoms interfere with the quality of life of the individual, depending on the intensity, OSA can trigger more serious complications. This is a complex syndrome which may have varying degrees and irreversible consequences to the body. The choice of treatment should be based on clinical conditions, the severity of the apnea, the degree of urgency of treatment and the patient's preferences, but the treatments available will not be fully effective if there are no changes in lifestyle of it. The respiratory disorders can range from a simple nasal obstruction and intermittent obstruction more severe, emphasizing the importance of a complete diagnosis, which must be multidisciplinary, through a team relationship between doctor and dentist.

Eficácia da auriculoterapia para diminuição de estresse em estudantes de enfermagem: ensaio clínico randomizado

Trata-se de estudo clínico randomizado, simples cego, com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia da auriculoterapia verdadeira e placebo na diminuição dos níveis de estresse em alunos de nível médio, da Escola de Enfermagem do Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa. Setenta e um estudantes com escores médio, alto e altíssimo, pela Lista de Sintomas de Estresse de Vasconcellos, foram divididos em 3 grupos: controle (25), auriculoterapia (24) e placebo/Sham (22). Foram avaliados, no início, com 8, 12 sessões e follow-up (15 dias) e receberam os pontos Shen Men, tronco cerebral (auriculoterapia) e punho e ouvido externo (placebo/Sham). Na análise de variância (Anova) constataram-se diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os grupos controle/auriculoterapia a partir de 8 sessões, mantendo-se após a terceira e a quarta avaliação (p=0,000) e entre controle/placebo (p<0,05), nas três avaliações. Concluiu-se que a auriculoterapia verdadeira obteve melhores respostas (45,39%) do que o placebo (34,18%) na redução do estresse, mas recomendam-se mais estudos para reavaliação de pontos Sham para estresse. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01420848.

Sintomas depressivos em idosos: análise dos itens da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica

OBJETIVOS: Verificar a estrutura fatorial da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de 15 itens em uma amostra de idosos assistidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família, descrever o perfil social e analisar as respostas aos itens da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica. MÉTODOS: Estudo de delineamento transversal com 503 idosos assistidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família, em Dourados, MS. Para analisar as respostas da EDG 15, utilizou-se o teste de Qui-quadrado de Mantel-Haenzsel (p <0,05). A análise fatorial, a consistência interna e a generalidade dos resultados para a população foram realizadas. RESULTADOS: Dos 503 idosos pesquisados 69,0% eram mulheres, 53,1% não letrados, 53,7% tinham 70 anos ou mais e 34,4% apresentavam depressão. A análise fatorial identificou quatro fatores (apatia, desesperança, desmotivação e isolamento). A estrutura da EDG 15 não se mostrou apropriada para a generalização de resultados. CONCLUSÃO: Dentre os idosos com depressão, predominaram a apatia e o isolamento. Cabe às equipes de saúde promover atividades físicas, recreativas e culturais para minimizar esse quadro. Novas pesquisas serão necessárias, sobretudo para análise da estrutura fatorial.

Ciclo de vida de la herrera Litohgnathus Mormyrus (Linneaus, 1758) en aguas de las Islas Canarias

[ES] El estudio del ciclo biológico de cualquier población de peces tiene interés desde el punto de vista del conocimiento y, en las poblaciones sometidas a explotación, además desde la perspectiva de la conservación. En el caso de la población de herrera Lithognathus mormyrus de las Islas Canarias, el conocimiento del ciclo de vida cobra una extraordinaria importancia, habida cuenta de los claros síntomas de agotamiento observados en ella. En este trabajo se entrega, para esta población, información relativa a la sexualidad, reproducción, edad y crecimiento, aspectos cuyo conocimiento resulta fundamental para adoptar medidas de gestión dirigidas hacia su recuperación y conservación.

Enfermedad del gusano del corazón (Dirofilaria immitis) en las Islas Canarias: una zoonosis emergente

Charla de clausura de la 2ªedición del ciclo Ciencia compartida

Poscosecha de ciruela variedad angeleno : conservación frigorífica tradicional y en atmósfera modificada

Objetivos: reducir pérdidas durante la conservación frigorífica, emplear atmósfera modificada como método suplementario a la refrigeración, alargar el período de aptitud comercial. Metodología: se trabajó con fruta acondicionada a 0±1 °C y 90±5 % HR, según las siguientes variantes: 1. testigo: 20 kg fruta a granel sin seleccionar en caja plástica; 2. granel + film PVC: 10 kg de fruta a granel en bandejas de madera más cartón corrugado recubierta con film de PVC; 3. celpack: bandejas de madera recubiertas de cartón corrugado con dos celpack de 23 frutos cada uno; 4. celpack + atmósfera modificada: ídem anterior pero cada celpack en bolsa de polietileno de baja densidad de 20 μ. A partir de los 30 días de conservación se extrajo semanalmente, durante 9 semanas, una muestra de 46 frutos, de los cuales 23 fueron analizados al momento de ser extraídos y los 23 restantes luego de 48 horas de comercialización simulada (sc). Para la evaluación estadística se aplicó análisis de la varianza con el programa SAS (Statistical Analysis System) y se determinaron las diferencias entre tratamientos con el test de Duncan. Para sabor, en cambio, se aplicó una prueba de homogeneidad de P2. La evaluación de sabor se realizó mediante degustación con panel de 5 catadores entrenados. Resultados: Los frutos tenían las siguientes características al inicio de conservación: calibre 61.4 mm, peso 117.8 g, firmeza de pulpa 3.1 kgf, sabor agridulce, contenido de sólidos solubles 17.5 °Bx, acidez 0.78 g ác. málico%g, % cubrimiento 83.69 %. Luego de la conservación frigorífica (97días): % de color de cobertura 95 %. La firmeza de la pulpa en el tratamiento celpack + bolsa se diferencia con valores más altos, media de 2.8 kgf , el resto con media 2.6 kgf. En sc la firmeza es inferior y esta disminución es menor en celpack + bolsa. Sólidos solubles, media 17.21 °Bx, en sc valores con media de un 0.3 % más. Acidez titulable: disminución progresiva, de 0.68 a 0.47 g%g al fin de conservación. Sabor: a partir de los 59 días aumentan los frutos insípidos y desagradables excepto en celpack + bolsa. Síntomas de deshidratación: a partir de los 79 días la única variante que no presenta síntomas es celpack + bolsa. Conclusiones: El acondicionamiento en celpack redujo la incidencia de ataque por mohos (fue el único tratamiento sin ataque durante 94 días); tampoco presentó sabores desagradables y su limitación en conservación se debió a la deshidratación evidente a partir de 74 días. La fruta embalada en celpack + bolsa tuvo mayores valores de resistencia a la presión y 100 % de frutos sin deshidratación a los 94 días de conservación; a partir de 80 días es evidente el ataque de mohos y frutos con sabores desagradables. Las variantes granel y granel + film presentan deterioro por deshidratación a partir de 74 días. La conservación no debería superar 80 días. Celpack + bolsa muestra mejores resultados, con mayores valores de resistencia a la presión que los otros tratamientos; con respecto al sabor, mantiene una mayor proporción de sabor dulce.

Physalis viscosa : un nuevo hospedero de Leveillula taurica en Argentina

Leveillula taurica (Lév.) Salm. es un hongo patógeno que se encuentra actualmente en expansión en nuestro país y en particular en la provincia de Mendoza. Physalis viscosa (camambú) es una especie muy difundida en Argentina. La misma es principalmente una maleza que crece espontáneamente en numerosos cultivos de interés económico y en sus alrededores. El hallazgo de L. taurica sobre una especie tan difundida fue el motivo de su estudio. Los síntomas característicos observados fueron parches cuneiformes amarillos en la cara adaxial de las hojas y en correspondencia con los mismos, en la abaxial se presentó un afelpado blanquecino formado por las fructificaciones asexuales del patógeno. El estudio etiológico realizado mediante la histopatología de los órganos afectados y la morfometría del patógeno confirmó la presencia del hongo parásito obligado Leveillula taurica (Lév.) Salm., en su forma anamórfica Oidiopsis taurica Sal. [= Oidiopsis sicula (Scal)]. La enfermedad en el camambú se ha difundido en forma importante en la provincia de Mendoza desde su primer hallazgo en el departamento de Tupungato en 1996. Se encuentra presente desde diciembre hasta mayo. Este prolongado período puede representar una importante fuente de inóculo para cultivos susceptibles al patógeno. La presente constituye la primera cita, no sólo a nivel nacional sino también mundial, de L. taurica sobre Physalis viscosa.

Método de evaluación a campo de la resistencia al moho azul en clones de ajo tipo colorado

Con el objeto de ajustar un método de evaluación a campo para facilitar la selección de clones de ajo (Allium sativum L.) con resistencia a Penicillium allii, se realizó un ensayo replicado en el cual se midió la respuesta de tres clones experimentales a la infección, en dos épocas de plantación. Los tratamientos incluyeron combinaciones de presencia o ausencia de: a) desinfección de la "semilla", b) heridas artificiales en los bulbillos, c) inoculación artificial. Los bulbillos con la hoja envolvente se desinfectaron con una solución diluida de hipoclorito de sodio. La inoculación se realizó mediante la inmersión en una solución de 106 esporas•ml-1. Las heridas se realizaron con una lanceta (blood lancet). Los bulbillos se incubaron en cámara húmeda durante 24 horas a 20 °C, antes de plantación. Las variables respuestas computadas fueron las siguientes: número de plantas muertas, y vivas con síntomas y sin síntomas, a los 152 días de plantación en la primera época y 118 días en la segunda; número de bulbos por calibres y rendimiento a cosecha. La información obtenida se analizó a través de correspondencia simple, diferencia de proporciones y análisis paramétricos. Se detectaron mayores diferencias entre los tratamientos en la tasa de sobrevivencia y en la proporción de calibres comerciales en la época tardía. No se observaron diferencias (p < 0,05) del rendimiento en la plantación temprana. La herida fue determinante en el ingreso del patógeno. Los tratamientos quedaron limitados a un testigo: desinfectado, no inoculado y sin herida, y a un tratamiento: desinfectado, con inoculación y herida. Con respecto a la época, resultó conveniente la evaluación en plantaciones tardías porque se expresan mejor las diferencias entre los tratamientos.