Toxicidade de produtos naturais para operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

As formigas cortadeiras, pertencentes aos gêneros Atta e Acromyrmex, possuem esse nome pelo hábito que têm de cortar as folhas das plantas. Por este motivo, elas causam danos econômicos, principalmente em áreas de cultura agrícola. Para realizar o controle dessas pragas, existem inúmeros métodos; porém, os únicos que apresentam resultados satisfatórios são os que utilizam inseticidas tradicionais. O controle químico pode gerar efeitos maléficos ao ambiente, à fauna e à população humana. É por isso que há uma grande procura por métodos alternativos, utilizando produtos que tenham grande especificidade e sejam passíveis de rápida degradação, sendo, portanto, menos danosos ao ambiente. Uma destas alternativas é a utilização de produtos naturais presentes nos vegetais superiores, que podem constituir novas fontes de material com ação tóxica para estes insetos praga. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a toxicidade das plantas Magonia pubescens e Duguetia lanceolata para operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa. Para os testes, as formigas foram divididas em lotes de 50 operárias, distribuídas em 5 placas para cada tratamento e mantidas em B.O.D. durante os 25 dias do experimento. Nos bioensaios de ingestão, os extratos provenientes das plantas foram incorporados em dieta artificial e testados durante 25 dias. No bioensaio tópico, as substâncias eram colocadas no pronoto das formigas e era oferecida dieta pura em todos os dias do experimento. Após os testes, os dados foram transferidos para o software Prisma 3.0, para a confecção de curvas de sobrevivência e para a realização das análises estatísticas. Apesar de Magonia pubescens apresentar um bom resultado, não foi possível continuar com os testes, pois a alta polaridade dos extratos impossibilitava a separação das substâncias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

O estudo da usinagem em torneamento da superliga à base de níquel Pyromet 31v

The search for materials with higher properties and characteristics (wear resistance, oxidation, corrosion, etc.) has driven research of various materials. Among the materials that are being studied with such properties and characteristics are super alloys based on nickel which has an important role in the aeronautical, automotive, marine, production of gas turbines and now in space vehicles, rocket engineering , experimental aircraft, nuclear reactors, steam-powered plants, petrochemical and many other applications because besides having all the characteristics and properties mentioned above also have an excellent performance at high temperatures. The super alloy based on nickel studied in this work is the super alloy Pyromet 31v normally used in the manufacture of exhaust valves in common engines and diesel engines of high power by cater requirements such as mechanical strength and corrosion resistance at temperatures of approximately 815 ° C. The objective of this work is to produce results to demonstrate more specific information about the real influence of coatings on cutting tools and cutting fluids in turning and thus promote the optimization of the machining of these alloys. The super alloy Pyromet 31v was processed through turning, being performed with various machining parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, depth in conditions of Minimum Amount of Fluid (MAF), abundant fluid, cutting tools with coating and without coating in early in his work life and with wear. After turning were obtained several samples of chips and the part generated during the machining process, was measured roughness of the material, subsequently made macrostructural analysis of the tools used order to detect possible wear and microstructural analysis of samples collected being that the latter was used for Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Aspectos petrográficos dos carbonatos da Formação Riachuelo - Albiano, bacia de Sergipe

The carbonatic rocks have great importance in petroleum geology, since most hydrocarbons reservoirs in the world are associated to this kind of rock. The new giant petroleum fields discovered in the Brazilian southeast Atlantic margin are directly connected to calcareous rocks, which are subjacent to the Aptian evaporite pack. This demand an increase in the number of geologists able to study such deposits. The Aptian carbonatic platform is completely exposed only in the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. Therefore, it works as a natural laboratory to the study and understanding of this kind of rock. The Sergipe Basin is situated in the east Brazilian coast, and has its evolutional history is intimately related to the formation of the South Atlantic Ocean, through the break-up of the Gondwana supercontinent. The marine sequence of the Brazilian marginal basins is of Albian age and is marked by the development of carbonatic platforms. In doing so, this paper aims to analyze the Albian limestones from Riachuelo Formation of the Sergipe Basin. The project gave to the student the opportunity to increase his knowledge in carbonates, due to the laboratory and outdoor activities. The studied deposits, within a regional outline, were petrografically described, allowing interpretations about the evolution of the former South Atlantic Ocean. Ten points were visited where samples were collected for making of thin sheets. In this work several carbonatic facies were identified totaling 116 laminates described.

O caipira paulista no tempo de pós- modernização

This written report narrates the process of writing the report “A caminho da cidade” (in English: “Going to the city”), submitted as Final Papers by Naomi Oliveira Corcovia, Journalism Student at UNESP. The author tries to elucidate how much the urbanization, the industrialization and other postmodern process have influenced São Paulo´s countrymen´s life and behavior. But before, the author studied the stereotype of the countrymen diffused by Media and Brazilian literature

Cidades sustentáveis: análise comparativa com cidades contemporâneas

Currently the world is under an energy revolution, every day more technologies are developed in order to better use the energy for having better energy efficiency of equipment and processes with minimal environmental degradation. Taking into account that thousands of people live in built environments in the context of cities and that the energy flow to this location is significant, it is important to study the built environment as a potential source of savings, energy recovery and regeneration, because cities are the major bottlenecks energetic. Therefore, this study aimed to examine and to list the most important and promising technologies to be used in the built environment to collect or save energy that would be wasted, such as clothes that generate energy through movement or solar incidence, facades of buildings that generate energy due to solar radiation, fitness centers that produce electricity due to the rotation used in fitness equipment for athletes, elevators that take advantage of the potential energy or use it more rationally, generators that take advantage of energy vibrational, and finally more sustainable vehicles with higher performance and less degrading the environment. The information and results obtained from this study show that the technologies used to harness energy before lost are increasingly evident and also is increased the progress relative to the energy use in a urban context. In the closure, a comparison of energy expenditure between a city that uses some of these sustainable technologies and another of the same size with conventional habits is presented

As vozes que ninguém quer ouvir: um retrato das estrangeiras presas no Brasil

O presente relatório científico tem como proposta apresentar o processo de elaboração do livro-reportagem “As vozes que ninguém quer ouvir – Um retrato das presas estrangeiras no Brasil”, fruto do trabalho de conclusão de curso de Ana Navarrete e Juliana Santos. O livro parte da temática de mulheres vindas de outros países que são presas e cumprem pena no Brasil, para apresentar seus perfis, os motivos que as levaram ao cárcere, a vida dentro do presídio, as dificuldades jurídicas por questões de gênero e nacionalidade e a vida pós-prisão. Para isso, foram utilizados três recursos que podem compor um livro-reportagem: a grande reportagem, o perfil literário e o ensaio fotográfico jornalístico. No decorrer deste documento será apresentada a contextualização do tema, a base teórica jornalística, os objetivos, a justificativa e pretensões do trabalho, as dificuldades no processo de produção do livro e as conclusões finais das autoras. O trabalho (desde a confecção do produto, até as pesquisas e a interpretação das alunas sobre o tema) foi guiado sob a ótica dos direitos humanos. O objetivo foi dar voz a essas mulheres e levar até os leitores suas histórias, de maneira a conscientizar e incentivar debates e mudanças na situação das estrangeiras presas no Brasil

O efeito da modalidade prévia sobre a subseqüente em provas de triatlo: aspectos fisiológicos e biomecânicos

O triatlo é uma modalidade combinada envolvendo outras três modalidades de endurance: natação, ciclismo e corrida, o que torna as necessidades biomecânicas e fisiológicas da modalidade combinada diferente das demandas e adaptações sofridas por treinamentos realizados nas modalidades de forma isolada. A fadiga imposta pela modalidade prévia poderá ser determinante no bom desempenho do atleta nas modalidades subseqüentes e neste sentido é importante analisarmos não apenas a influência do ciclismo sobre a corrida onde existe maior semelhança entre as fibras musculares recrutadas predominantemente, como a influência da natação sobre as demais modalidades. Algumas estratégias podem ser adotadas afim de minimizar a perda de performance que uma modalidade irá exercer sobre a subseqüente relacionadas a especificidade do treinamento e geração de adaptações específicas, estratégias de ritmo de prova, possibilidade de utilização do vácuo durante o percurso de ciclismo e da esteira na natação, utilização de roupas de neoprene na natação e adaptações na geometria do quadro da bicicleta.

Análise da expressão protéica de moléculas de adesão celular em melanomas cutâneos

Cutaneous melanoma is a malignancy caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes. Has been increasing in incidence and mortality over the years. This type of tumor may arise in the skin or any other place where there was migration of neural crest cells. Melanocytes are located in the basal layer of the epidermis forming the epidermal melanin unit, involving a melanocyte to 36 keratinocytes. The proliferation of melanocytes depends on this relationship with the keratinocytes, gap junctions, E-cadherin and desmoglein. The basal membrane is responsible for promoting the integrity of the skin, their adhesion structures shown to be altered in several skin diseases. Some molecules that play the role of adherence in this membrane are the laminins, type IV collagen and type XVII and perlecan. Analysis of protein expression of cell adhesion molecules in melanoma by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray (TMA). We selected paraffin blocks of patients who were diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma in the period 1995 to 2010, reaching a sample of 124 cases. All these have gone through review of preparation for subsequent histological analysis of tissue microarray (TMA). The protein expression will be analyzed by immunohistochemistry, using markers anti-laminin, anti-collagen type IV and type XVII and anti-perlecan. There was a predominance of female patients, Caucasians and southeastern Brazil. There were frequent in type of extensive superficial ulcers with Breslow depth greater than 4 mm, Clark level IV and mitotic index greater than 6 mitoses per cga. The patients, most of them were female with mean age of 57.13 years and Caucasian. The most frequent histological type was extensive superficial followed by acral lentiginous. Predominated cases very deep, with Breslow thickness greater than 4 mm, Clark IV, ulcerated and on average by 9 cga mitosis, leading to worse prognosis in this sample. It...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Incorporação do lodo da estação de tratamento de água (ETA II) do município de Rio Claro-SP, na argila, para produção de cerâmica vermelha

The slugde from decanters in Water Treatment Plants (WTP) has different composition varying, according to the region, coagulant type and dosages, the plant layout. In this work, the physical characterization of the sludge generated from decenties (ETAII the municipality of Rio Claro, Brazil), the manufacture of bodies of evidence-sludge mixture of clay (with humidity of 8% and concentrations of sludge, 5, 15 and 30%) the testing technology after burning the mixture to a temperature of 950 ° C were investigated. The main aim assess the possibility of its use as raw material in the ceramic red production. For comparison of the obtained results it was used values of the testing technology of bodies of evidence only with clay, prepared under the same conditions. In general, the addition of sludge from ETA made worse the properties of the ceramic body, however, the values obtained from the tests on the concentration of 5% of sludge, still remain within the acceptable limits for the production of red pottery pieces.

Lematização verbal em juruna: discussões lexicográficas

The production of a dictionary always generates controversy about decisions to be taken by the lexicographer. They are based – a priori – in previous theoretical and methodological choices. What we mean by dictionary? Why making certain choices rather than others? How to reconcile (if there is a reconciliation) the different approaches to describe the lexicon? The objective here is to contribute with theoretical and methodological reflections related to the Juruna Lexicography (Yudjá), as well as for lexicographical studies camp. This text addresses critical points of dictionaries production processes – if we may so call it – the history of the act of making a dictionary, so we can discuss choices to be taken to the entries of verbs in the Juruna-Portuguese bilingual dictionary assembly provided as a long term project result, in which some collaborators are working, including community’s indigenous. The work contains sections that will raise historical and linguistic discussions about the compilation of a dictionary and how this act binds to the applicability for the subjects that use this instrument firming / mobilizer of the lexicon visions. The focus here will be to discuss the verbs entries in the Juruna dictionary (stemming), taking lexicographical history as a contributor to certain choices of dictionaries production nowadays, whether for mother tongue, for foreign language, specialized lexicons, semantic groups, and systematizations for languages that are starting/beginning a first publication of dictionaries

Diagnóstico socioambiental de um alojamento estudantil público e da comunidade do entorno: um estudo da relação entre a universidade e a sociedade

Dormitories are places offered by Brazilian public Universities to undergraduate students evaluated as socio-economically less favored aiming to guarantee the housing of the student in the locality they take a given undergraduate course, once housing is one the points which compose the tripod that supports the concept of student permanence, along with conditions of transportations and food. These places, however, present problems in their management, specially the ones related to social and environmental questions, caused by wrong attitudes and pre-concepts of their own residents, other students and the communities who live around them. So, this project aims to identify and analyze the socio-environmental conditions of a students’ dormitory located in Botucatu/SP which is supported by the Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp) as well as the community that surrounds it. The data collecting is based on an exploratory research characterized for interviews that used semi-structured questionnaires and for the creation of a photography record of the region. The obtained data corroborated the tendency of an increasing gap between the Brazilian public universities and the society as well as to the disengagement of them and their students. This diagnosis has permitted to build proposals of educational interventions based on Permaculture, Agroecology and Critical Environmental Education to the improvement of the existing relationships among the students who live at the dormitory and among them and the local community. These interventions may be used as subsidies to the development of future research and extension projects to the local community

Identificação dos Arthropoda: subsídios para o ensino de Ciências e Biologia

As características dos artrópodes (insetos, crustáceos, aracnídeos, miriápodes) e conceitos a eles relacionados são conteúdos abordados pelas disciplinas de Ciências e Biologia, no ensino fundamental e médio. Neste contexto, considera-se relevante a elaboração de materiais que contribuam para os processos de ensino e aprendizagem desta temática e que incorporem a dimensão lúdica. Assim, a proposta desenvolvida teve como objetivos principais a elaboração e confecção de uma caixa contendo espécimes de artrópodes incrustados em resina, de modo a permitir o contato e a manipulação desses espécimes pelos alunos. Além disso, elaboramos um jogo didático, abordando as estruturas morfológicas dos artrópodes e suas funções, com o intuito de fixar o conhecimento adquirido em sala pelos alunos. Como complementação, desenvolvemos uma guia de orientação para o professor e um manual direcionado aos alunos, para os auxiliarem durante o desenvolvimento da aula. A elaboração deste trabalho foi uma maneira de tentar transmitir o tema proposto de forma dinâmica e agradável, tanto para o professor quanto para os alunos. O conteúdo fornecido neste trabalho foi baseado em livros didáticos específicos em zoologia de invertebrados, para possibilitar aulas com conteúdo adequado e para prevenir erros conceituais

Acurácia da mosaicagem gerada por veículo aéreo não tripulado utilizado na agricultura de precisão

The need for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a Brazilian reality in the worlds agricultural, once they have models penetrating the market with agrictural purpose. After processing, the images collected by a UAV can generate a mosaic of the study area. For making and georeferencing the mosaic, can be deployed or not ground control points. Thus, the study aimed to compare a mosaic with ground control points and without ground control points generated from images collected by a UAV used primarily for agricultural purposes. The results showed that the quality in the determination of areas and perimeters no presented significant difference with or without the use of ground control points. The mosaic generated without ground control points obtained an average error of 23.7% of the pixel size; with ground control points, the average error was 10.6%, providing an improvement of approximately 50%. Planimetric and altimetric errors, with respect to the ground control points, for the controlled mosaic, reached the order of decimeters, with planimetric accuracy of 12.8 cm, a result considered satisfactory taking into account mainly the purpose of assessed UAV

Biorremoção do corante acid blue 29, usando serragem (Pinus sp.) como biossorvente

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento de vasos digestores de amostra para microondas doméstico

The application of microwave radiation on the sample preparation has been expanding increasingly in areas involving decomposition by wet and dry roads, fusion, extraction, acceleration of chemical reactions, for example. Currently, the use of microwave ovens for analytical purposes are recognized for having excellent performance for organic and inorganic samples. In the international market there are several kinds of microwaves oven which adapt the varied purposes, however yet with elevated prices which incapacitate your use as routine equipment in laboratory. Thus, many researchers have been choosing for developing own projects of microwaves oven production or to use domestic oven for the laboratory, with or without adaptations. For the evaluation of the proposed method was used in the Kjeldahl methodology for determining total nitrogen in samples of crude protein, using a domestic microwave oven and a digester pot made up in TeflonTM and distillation by steam. Were made to adapt and characterization of a domestic microwave oven, the confeccion vessel digester and the metal support for the vessel. The accuracy of the proposed method was confirmed by comparison of two methods, the standard method for conventional heating and by the proposed method, with heating by microwave radiation through the calculated values of relative standard deviation analysis