Comportamiento de la red de arrastre Pelágica 124/1800 en el estudio de recursos pelágicos. Crucero BIC José Olaya Balandra 9902-03

Los resultados del Crucero 9902-03 de Evaluación Hidroacústica de los Recursos Pelágicos: anchoveta (Engraulis ringens), sardina (Sardinops sagax sagax), jurel (Trachurus picturatus murphyi), caballa (Scomber japonicus) y samasa (Anchoa nasus), a bordo del BIC José Olaya Balandra, entre Zorritos (Tumbes) y Los Palos (Tacna), del 10 de febrero al 1 de abril 1999, muestran que la red de arrastre pelágica 124/1800 tuvo una buena eficiencia y comportamiento en 168 lances de comprobación. Se obtuvo una captura total de 57.032,55 kg; correspondieron a la anchoveta 36.902,6 kg; sardina 302,6 kg; jurel 43,9 kg; caballa 1.256,3 kg; samasa 3.160,8 kg y otros recursos 15.366,35 kg. El índice de captura total (CPUE) fue de 1.035,07 kg/h ejerciendo mayor esfuerzo en la anchoveta con 669,74 kg/h. Se determinó que el mayor porcentaje de mezcla de los 153 lances con recursos pelágicos correspondió a la anchoveta con otros recursos a 5 mn de distancia de la costa. Se determinó el área de la boca de la red y el volumen de agua filtrada en una milla náutica de arrastre. Los datos de comportamiento de la red: abertura horizontal de la boca, abertura vertical, profundidad de la red y distancia entre la relinga inferior al fondo, etc., se obtuvieron en forma directa por medio de una net sonda RX 400 SCANMAR interconectada a un sistema de post-procesamiento.

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Combination of fluorescent reporters for simultaneous monitoring of root colonization and antifungal gene expression by a biocontrol pseudomonad on cereals with flow cytometry.

Some root-associated pseudomonads sustain plant growth by suppressing root diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. We investigated to which extent select cereal cultivars influence expression of relevant biocontrol traits (i.e., root colonization efficacy and antifungal activity) in Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0. In this representative plant-beneficial bacterium, the antifungal metabolites 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG), pyrrolnitrin (PRN), pyoluteorin (PLT), and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) are required for biocontrol. To monitor host plant effects on the expression of biosynthetic genes for these compounds on roots, we developed fluorescent dual-color reporters suited for flow cytometric analysis using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). In the dual-label strains, the constitutively expressed red fluorescent protein mCherry served as a cell tag and marker for root colonization, whereas reporter fusions based on the green fluorescent protein allowed simultaneous recording of antifungal gene expression within the same cell. FACS analysis revealed that expression of DAPG and PRN biosynthetic genes was promoted in a cereal rhizosphere, whereas expression of PLT and HCN biosynthetic genes was markedly less sustained. When analyzing the response of the bacterial reporters on roots of a selection of wheat, spelt, and triticale cultivars, we were able to detect subtle species- and cultivar-dependent differences in colonization and DAPG and HCN gene expression levels. The expression of these biocontrol traits was particularly favored on roots of one spelt cultivar, suggesting that a careful choice of pseudomonad-cereal combinations might be beneficial to biocontrol. Our approach may be useful for selective single-cell level analysis of plant effects in other bacteria-root interactions.

Red meat and cancer risk in a network of case-control studies focusing on cooking practices.

BACKGROUND: Consumption of red meat has been related to increased risk of several cancers. Cooking methods could modify the magnitude of this association, as production of chemicals depends on the temperature and duration of cooking. METHODS: We analyzed data from a network of case-control studies conducted in Italy and Switzerland between 1991 and 2009. The studies included 1465 oral and pharyngeal, 198 nasopharyngeal, 851 laryngeal, 505 esophageal, 230 stomach, 1463 colon, 927 rectal, 326 pancreatic, 3034 breast, 454 endometrial, 1031 ovarian, 1294 prostate and 767 renal cancer cases. Controls included 11 656 patients admitted for acute, non-neoplastic conditions. Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for known confounding factors. RESULTS: Daily intake of red meat was significantly associated with the risk of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx (OR for increase of 50 g/day = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.26-1.52), nasopharynx (OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.04-1.60), larynx (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.30-1.64), esophagus (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.23-1.72), colon (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08-1.26), rectum (OR = 1.22; 95% CI:1.11-1.33), pancreas (OR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.25-1.82), breast (OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04-1.19), endometrium (OR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.10-1.55) and ovary (OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.16-1.43). Fried meat was associated with a higher risk of cancer of oral cavity and pharynx (OR = 2.80; 95% CI: 2.02-3.89) and esophagus (OR = 4.52; 95% CI: 2.50-8.18). Risk of prostate cancer increased for meat cooked by roasting/grilling (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.12-1.54). No heterogeneity according to cooking methods emerged for other cancers. Nonetheless, significant associations with boiled/stewed meat also emerged for cancer of the nasopharynx (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.30-3.00) and stomach (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.20-2.87). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis confirmed red meat consumption as a risk factor for several cancer sites, with a limited impact of cooking methods. These findings, thus, call for a limitation of its consumption in populations of Western countries.

Audit report on the City of Red Oak, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Audit report on the City of Red Oak, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

IOWATER, Vol. 1, no.1, Winter 2000

Water fact sheet for Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the Geological Bureau.

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Water fact sheet for Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the Geological Bureau.

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Water fact sheet for Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the Geological Bureau.

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Water fact sheet for Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the Geological Bureau.

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Water fact sheet for Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the Geological Bureau.

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Water fact sheet for Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the Geological Bureau.