Avaliação da estrutura e processo de trabalho dos centros de atenção psicossocial

Objective: Evaluate the work structure and process in Psychos ocial Care Centers (CAPS) and the professionals profile, the satisfaction, conditions and work overload. Methods: Cross - sectional study conducted in five CAPS in Campina Grande city. The study sample consisted of five coordinators, 42 graduate professional s, 26 mid - level (technical and auxiliary nurses, and caregivers), and the medical records pertaining to 413 users followed up. Data were collected using validated questionnaires (CAPSUL - rating CAPS in southern Brazil) and adapted to the study, between July and October 2014. The questionnaires were double entered and submitted to validation in the sub - program “Validate Epi Info 3.5.4” , used along with the “SPSS 17.0” for processing the statistical analyzes. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were ap plied to the descriptive analyzes; “Fisher's” exact test to check the CAPS impact on hospital admissions and the “Bonferroni” adjusted to verify the diagnoses according to sex. 5% significance level was adopted. The study was approved by the Ethics Committ ee of the Rio Grande do Norte Federal University (UFRN), protocol 719.435, of 05.30.2014. Results: From the structure analysis were identified contextual factors that influenced the work process of CAPS professionals, such as: deficiencies with regard to h uman resources; forms of health professionals employment and qualifications; temporary contract existence. As to process dimension, it was found that the home visits performance by health professionals shows to be ineffective, given its insufficiency and i rregularity, which can be explained by the high demand, reduced staff and transportation lack. It was low coverage of items inherent to Therapeutic Individual Project, as the income generation program, insertion at work and home visit. The reference and co unter reference flow are still not satisfactorily organized. There was statistically significant difference for the diagnosis, with a predominance of mood disorders related to stress among women and those related to alcohol and other drugs among men (p <0. 05). There was an association between the degree of health professionals satisfaction and working conditions, overload and factors related to the content and working conditions, the security measures, comfort and CAPS appearance, contact between the teams and users, families treatment by the teams, temporary employment relationship. Conclusion: The data collected indicate the need for the CAPS organization through increased investments in the sector in order to enhance the infrastructure as potentiating el ement of practices with a view to changing the care model for mental health proposed by the Psychiatric Reform. It is hoped therefore that this research will contribute to better planning in CAPS unit management, with another tool to improve the dimensions involving the structure and the professional work process and improve this mental health care model.

Avaliação do desempenho da paligorsquita modificada e do carvão da pirólise do lodo de esgoto no processo de degradação fotocatalítica do fenol

The uncontrolled disposal of wastewaters containing phenolic compounds by the industry has caused irreversible damage to the environment. Because of this, it is now mandatory to develop new methods to treat these effluents before they are disposed of. One of the most promising and low cost approaches is the degradation of phenolic compounds via photocatalysis. This work, in particular, has as the main goal, the customization of a bench scale photoreactor and the preparation of catalysts via utilization of char originated from the fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge. The experiments were carried out at constant temperature (50°C) under oxygen (410, 515, 650 and 750 ml min-1). The reaction took place in the liquid phase (3.4 liters), where the catalyst concentration was 1g L-1 and the initial concentration of phenol was 500 mg L-1 and the reaction time was set to 3 hours. A 400 W lamp was adapted to the reactor. The flow of oxygen was optimized to 650 ml min-1. The pH of the liquid and the nature of the catalyst (acidified and calcined palygorskite, palygorskite impregnated with 3.8% Fe and the pyrolysis char) were investigated. The catalytic materials were characterized by XRD, XRF, and BET. In the process of photocatalytic degradation of phenol, the results showed that the pH has a significant influence on the phenol conversion, with best results for pH equal to 5.5. The phenol conversion ranged from 51.78% for the char sewage sludge to 58.02% (for palygorskite acidified calcined). Liquid samples analyzed by liquid chromatography and the following compounds were identified: hydroquinone, catechol and maleic acid. A mechanism of the reaction was proposed, whereas the phenol is transformed into the homogeneous phase and the others react on the catalyst surface. For the latter, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model was applied, whose mass balances led to a system of differential equations and these were solved using numerical methods in order to get estimates for the kinetic and adsorption parameters. The model was adjusted satisfactorily to the experimental results. From the proposed mechanism and the operating conditions used in this study, the most favored step, regardless of the catalyst, was the acid group (originated from quinone compounds), being transformed into CO2 and water, whose rate constant k4 presented value of 0.578 mol L-1 min-1 for acidified calcined palygorskite, 0.472 mol L-1 min-1 for Fe2O3/palygorskite and 1.276 mol L-1 min-1 for the sludge to char, the latter being the best catalyst for mineralization of acid to CO2 and water. The quinones were adsorbed to the acidic sites of the calcined palygorskite and Fe2O3/palygorskite whose adsorption constants were similar (~ 4.45 L mol-1) and higher than that of the sewage sludge char (3.77 L mol-1).

Avaliação do desempenho da paligorsquita modificada e do carvão da pirólise do lodo de esgoto no processo de degradação fotocatalítica do fenol

The uncontrolled disposal of wastewaters containing phenolic compounds by the industry has caused irreversible damage to the environment. Because of this, it is now mandatory to develop new methods to treat these effluents before they are disposed of. One of the most promising and low cost approaches is the degradation of phenolic compounds via photocatalysis. This work, in particular, has as the main goal, the customization of a bench scale photoreactor and the preparation of catalysts via utilization of char originated from the fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge. The experiments were carried out at constant temperature (50°C) under oxygen (410, 515, 650 and 750 ml min-1). The reaction took place in the liquid phase (3.4 liters), where the catalyst concentration was 1g L-1 and the initial concentration of phenol was 500 mg L-1 and the reaction time was set to 3 hours. A 400 W lamp was adapted to the reactor. The flow of oxygen was optimized to 650 ml min-1. The pH of the liquid and the nature of the catalyst (acidified and calcined palygorskite, palygorskite impregnated with 3.8% Fe and the pyrolysis char) were investigated. The catalytic materials were characterized by XRD, XRF, and BET. In the process of photocatalytic degradation of phenol, the results showed that the pH has a significant influence on the phenol conversion, with best results for pH equal to 5.5. The phenol conversion ranged from 51.78% for the char sewage sludge to 58.02% (for palygorskite acidified calcined). Liquid samples analyzed by liquid chromatography and the following compounds were identified: hydroquinone, catechol and maleic acid. A mechanism of the reaction was proposed, whereas the phenol is transformed into the homogeneous phase and the others react on the catalyst surface. For the latter, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model was applied, whose mass balances led to a system of differential equations and these were solved using numerical methods in order to get estimates for the kinetic and adsorption parameters. The model was adjusted satisfactorily to the experimental results. From the proposed mechanism and the operating conditions used in this study, the most favored step, regardless of the catalyst, was the acid group (originated from quinone compounds), being transformed into CO2 and water, whose rate constant k4 presented value of 0.578 mol L-1 min-1 for acidified calcined palygorskite, 0.472 mol L-1 min-1 for Fe2O3/palygorskite and 1.276 mol L-1 min-1 for the sludge to char, the latter being the best catalyst for mineralization of acid to CO2 and water. The quinones were adsorbed to the acidic sites of the calcined palygorskite and Fe2O3/palygorskite whose adsorption constants were similar (~ 4.45 L mol-1) and higher than that of the sewage sludge char (3.77 L mol-1).

Avaliação de processo de lodos ativos por batelada seguido de tratamento terciário com ênfase na remoção de matéria orgânica e na sedimentabilidade do lodo

This paper evaluate the performance of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in sequential batch activated sludge modality with tertiary treatment step, located in high temperature region. It also presents the analysis of organic matter’s removal and the evaluation of sludge sedimentation conditions through reactors in bench scale, fed with different substrate’s and biomass’ concentrations, from the WWTP in study. The results showed high efficiency and stability of the treatment process using Sequential Batch Reactors for domestic sewage, even with sudden changes of organic and hydraulic load, reaching more than 90% of efficiency in the removal of biodegradable organic matter. The removal of organic matter and sedimentation tests in bench reactors showed the good performance in respect of the organic matter’s removal, however, the high concentration of micro-organism results in a lower sludge sedimentation rate, which can compromise the quality of the final effluent. The relation Food/Microorganism in the conditions of the WWTP’s current operation showed a value of 0.06 gCOD/gVSS.d. and zonal sedimentation velocity of 0.59 m/h, the great ratio of the concentration of the substrate by biomass concentration, which obtained the maximum operational efficiency, showed a value of 0.09 gCOD/gVSS.d. and zonal sedimentation velocity of 1.4 m/h.

Avaliação de processo de lodos ativos por batelada seguido de tratamento terciário com ênfase na remoção de matéria orgânica e na sedimentabilidade do lodo

This paper evaluate the performance of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in sequential batch activated sludge modality with tertiary treatment step, located in high temperature region. It also presents the analysis of organic matter’s removal and the evaluation of sludge sedimentation conditions through reactors in bench scale, fed with different substrate’s and biomass’ concentrations, from the WWTP in study. The results showed high efficiency and stability of the treatment process using Sequential Batch Reactors for domestic sewage, even with sudden changes of organic and hydraulic load, reaching more than 90% of efficiency in the removal of biodegradable organic matter. The removal of organic matter and sedimentation tests in bench reactors showed the good performance in respect of the organic matter’s removal, however, the high concentration of micro-organism results in a lower sludge sedimentation rate, which can compromise the quality of the final effluent. The relation Food/Microorganism in the conditions of the WWTP’s current operation showed a value of 0.06 gCOD/gVSS.d. and zonal sedimentation velocity of 0.59 m/h, the great ratio of the concentration of the substrate by biomass concentration, which obtained the maximum operational efficiency, showed a value of 0.09 gCOD/gVSS.d. and zonal sedimentation velocity of 1.4 m/h.

Avaliação do Processo Sucessório em Empresas de Gestão Familiar

As mudanças e o aumento da concorrência em todos os segmentos econômicos têm exigido das empresas um grau de profissionalização cada vez maior. As empresas familiares, além desse desafio frente ao mercado, ainda se deparam com dificuldades intrínsecas às suas características, como a dificuldade em separar o que é família, empresa e patrimônio. Portanto, é necessário se preparar para continuar no mercado e desenvolver um plano de sucessão para as próximas gerações. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor um instrumento de avaliação do processo sucessório em empresas familiares. Dentre os objetivos específicos, encontram-se identificar itens de maturidade no processo sucessório, oferecer diretrizes estratégicas para promover a sucessão em empresas familiares e avaliar a aplicabilidade do instrumento de pesquisa. Para a empresa estar preparada para a sucessão, ela não pode tratar somente o assunto isoladamente. Portanto, os temas estratégia, planejamento estratégico, distinção entre família, propriedade e gestão, governança corporativa e maturidade, também são aprofundados ao longo da revisão de literatura. Por meio de um estudo de caso com abordagem exploratória, o trabalho foi desenvolvido tendo-se como base modelos disponíveis na literatura para avaliação de maturidade. Antes da aplicação, o instrumento foi submetido à avaliação por cinco especialistas em empresas familiares. Como resultado, foi possível propor uma avaliação para o processo sucessório, identificando itens de maturidade e oferecendo diretrizes estratégicas para promover a sucessão em empresas familiares. Conclui-se que a avaliação do processo sucessório pode contribuir para a empresa identificar seus pontos fortes, minimizando dificuldades e superando obstáculos para sua sobrevivência no mercado ao longo das gerações. / The advance of competition in all of the economy markets has being demanding companies to have professional businesses, in an increasing way. The family business, beyond this challenge, still faces particular difficulties, such as the difference among family, business and ownership. So, it is a necessity for them being ready for their continuity in the market and developing a succession plan for the next generations. The main objective of this work is to propose an evaluation instrument for succession process. Specific objectives are to identify maturity items in the succession process, offer strategic directions to promote succession in family businesses and evaluate the usage of the research instrument. To get ready for succession, the company can not work just this subject. Therefore, it includes topics like: strategy, strategic planning, difference among family, business and ownership, corporate governance, and maturity are reviewed along the literature. Using a case study research method with an exploratory approach, it was developed based on maturity models available in the literature for maturity evaluation. Prior to the application, the research instrument was applied to five specialists in family businesses. As a result, it was possible to propose an evaluation model for succession, identifying maturity items and offering strategic perspectives to promote the succession process in family businesses. As conclusion, the succession evaluation could contribute for the company identifies its strengths, minimizing difficulties and overcoming obstacles for survival throughout generations.

Os projectos comenius 1 nas escolas do Concelho de Silves: Contributo para a avaliação dos impactos percepcionados pelos professores-coordenadores, nas diferentes dimensões do processo educativo

Este estudo teve como principal objectivo ser um contributo para a compreensão e identificação dos impactos importantes que os Projectos Europeus, na área da Educação, no âmbito da sub-acção Comenius 1 - Parcerias entre Escolas, do Programa Sócrates, tiveram e têm na comunidade educativa do concelho de Silves. O estudo parte, assim, da seguinte questão de investigação: Quais são os impactos percepcionados pelos professores coordenadores dos projectos Comenius 1 nas diferentes dimensões do processo educativo? Neste sentido, estabeleceram-se as seguintes questões secundárias: • Como se construíram e implementaram estes Projectos nas Escolas? • De que forma é que estes Projectos foram integrados no desenho curricular da escola? • Quais foram as maiores dificuldades sentidas pelos responsáveis pelos Projectos na implementação dos mesmos? Através de uma metodologia qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas semi­estruturadas a cinco professores de escolas diferentes do Concelho de Silves e recorreu-se à análise documental e de testemunhos. Os resultados parecem indicar que a implementação deste tipo de projectos nas escolas deixa impactos em todos os intervenientes (na Escola, no Conselho Executivo, nos Professores da escola e das escolas parceiras, no Pessoal não Docente, na Comunidade Envolvente, na Família, no responsável pelo Projecto e nos alunos) e que, muitas vezes, esses impactos só se verificam a longo prazo. Verificamos também que a implementação destes projectos segue três princípios essenciais: a planificação, a realização e a avaliação sendo que as escolas tentam integrar os projectos no seu Projecto Educativo. As maiores dificuldades sentidas verificaram-se a nível da organização da escola, da carga burocrática inerente ao projecto e do pouco envolvimento e participação de alguns professores. Sugere-se que a Escola aposte cada vez mais na implementação deste tipo de projectos, pois estes podem contribuir para uma Escola mais democrática, mais flexível, com mais qualidade, mais motivadora e mais Europeia. ABSTRACT; The aim of this study was to understand and to identify the biggest impacts that the Community's education-related action programmes "Socrates" (namely Comenius 1) have in the School policy. So, the central question of this research was to find out, from the coordinators points of view, which were the most important impacts of the Comenius projects. This central question led to the formulation of the following three questions: a) How were the Comenius projects implemented at school? b) How were the Comenius projects integrated in school organisation and structure? c) Which were the difficulties coordinators had to face in order to organize and implement a Comenius project? Using a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were held with five teachers from different schools in the region of Silves. The following instruments were used during the research: analysis of documents and interviews. The results of the research revealed that the Comenius projects have impacts (although they take a lot of time to be felt) on School, on School heads, on other teachers, on School staff, on the region, on parents, on coordinators and on pupils. They also revealed that the preparation, the activities and the evaluation are important moments to implement Comenius project and that all the projects are included in the School policy. The biggest difficulties had to do with the school organization, with the coordination work and with the lack of motivation and of participation of some colleagues. It is suggested that schools should implement more Comenius projects, because they can lead to a more democratic, flexible, motivating and European School.

Avaliação do extrato do fungo caripia montagnei e de agonistas de PPAR - α no processo inflamatório

The mushrooms have been object of intense research in view of its potential raising of application in different sectors of the pharmacology and alimentary industry. Among diverse bioactive composites of polyssacharides nature that exist in the fungus the glucans are much searched. These are polymers of glucose and classified as the type of glicosidic linking [α, β]. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), ranscription factors belonging to the family of nuclear receptors that bind themselves o specific agonists, have shown their importance in controlling the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to perform a chemical characterization of extract rom the mushroom Caripia montagnei, assess its antiinflammatory and antibacterial effect and determine if this effect occurs via PPAR. This mushroom is composed of carbohydrates (63.3±4.1%), lipids (21.4l±0.9%) and proteins (2.2± 0.3%). The aqueous solution resulting from the fractionation contained carbohydrates (98.7±3.3%) and protein (1.3±0.25%). Analyses of infrared spectrophotometry and of nuclear magnetic esonance demonstrated that the extract of mushroom C. montagnei is rich in β-glucans. In hioglycolate-induced peritonitis, the C. montagnei glucans (50 mg/kg) educed the inflammatory process in 65.5±5.2% and agonists, pharmacological igands, for PPAR: Wy-14643 (49.3±6.1%), PFOA (48.9±3.8%) and clofibrate in 45.2±3.2%. Sodium diclofenac showed a reduction of 81.65±0.6%. In the plantar edema, the glucans from C. montagnei (50 mg/kg) and L-NAME reduced the edema to a similar degree 91.4±0.3% and 92.8±0,5 %, respectively. In all the groups tested, nitric oxide (NO), an inflammation mediator, showed a significant reduction in the nitrate/nitrite levels when compared to the positive control (P<0.001). The C. montagnei glucans did not show cytotoxicity in the concentrations tested (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 µg/100 µL). Antibacterial activity demonstrated that, unlike total extract, there was no inhibition of bacterial growth. The C. montagnei glucans show great potential for antiinflammatory applications. This effect suggests that it is mediated by PPAR activation and by COX and iNOS inhibition

Avaliação do extrato do fungo caripia montagnei e de agonistas de PPAR - α no processo inflamatório

The mushrooms have been object of intense research in view of its potential raising of application in different sectors of the pharmacology and alimentary industry. Among diverse bioactive composites of polyssacharides nature that exist in the fungus the glucans are much searched. These are polymers of glucose and classified as the type of glicosidic linking [α, β]. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), ranscription factors belonging to the family of nuclear receptors that bind themselves o specific agonists, have shown their importance in controlling the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to perform a chemical characterization of extract rom the mushroom Caripia montagnei, assess its antiinflammatory and antibacterial effect and determine if this effect occurs via PPAR. This mushroom is composed of carbohydrates (63.3±4.1%), lipids (21.4l±0.9%) and proteins (2.2± 0.3%). The aqueous solution resulting from the fractionation contained carbohydrates (98.7±3.3%) and protein (1.3±0.25%). Analyses of infrared spectrophotometry and of nuclear magnetic esonance demonstrated that the extract of mushroom C. montagnei is rich in β-glucans. In hioglycolate-induced peritonitis, the C. montagnei glucans (50 mg/kg) educed the inflammatory process in 65.5±5.2% and agonists, pharmacological igands, for PPAR: Wy-14643 (49.3±6.1%), PFOA (48.9±3.8%) and clofibrate in 45.2±3.2%. Sodium diclofenac showed a reduction of 81.65±0.6%. In the plantar edema, the glucans from C. montagnei (50 mg/kg) and L-NAME reduced the edema to a similar degree 91.4±0.3% and 92.8±0,5 %, respectively. In all the groups tested, nitric oxide (NO), an inflammation mediator, showed a significant reduction in the nitrate/nitrite levels when compared to the positive control (P<0.001). The C. montagnei glucans did not show cytotoxicity in the concentrations tested (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 µg/100 µL). Antibacterial activity demonstrated that, unlike total extract, there was no inhibition of bacterial growth. The C. montagnei glucans show great potential for antiinflammatory applications. This effect suggests that it is mediated by PPAR activation and by COX and iNOS inhibition

Avaliação do(s) impacto(s) do Processo de Reconhecimento, Validação e Certificação de Competências no Alentejo (2001-2005) [Tese apresentada à Universidade de Évora para a obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Ciências da Educação]. Évora: Universidade de Évora (policopiada)

O presente estudo avalia a forma como decorreu o processo de Reconhecimento, Validação e Certificação de Competências, no Alentejo, no período 2001-2005 e de que firma é que a certificação formal de competências ocorrida determinou os projectos de vida, pessoais e profissionais, dos adultos que a concluíram, com sucesso e organiza-se em oito capítulos. Sendo uma investigação de cariz descritivo e interpretativo, recorre a uma metodologia, simultaneamente, quantitativa e qualitativa. Verificou-se que os impactos do processo de RVCC verificam-se, maioritariamente, na dimensão pessoal, enquanto, na dimensão profissional, são residuais. São as mulheres quem mais protagonizou e valorizou o processo. Quinze por cento dos adultos inquiridos prosseguiu os estudos e a maioria pretende fazê-lo, a médio/longo prazo. No final do estudo, são apresentadas algumas sugestões e recomendações, assim como futuras linhas de trabalho. Salienta-se a necessidade de sensibilizar as empresas para a promoção e aproveitamento das qualificações dos seus colaboradores.

“Avaliação dos impactos do Processo de Reconhecimento, Validação e Certificação de Competências (RVCC), em indivíduos residentes no concelho de Arraiolos”

Livro que reúne comunicações das V e VI edições dos “Aprender no Alentejo”- Encontros Regionais de Educação, realizados na Universidade de Évora.

Avaliação da fixação biológica de nitrogênio no processo de seleção de linhagens de soja.

2016

O projeto AMQ (Avaliação para Melhoria da Qualidade) como instrumento de gestão para a mudança do processo de trabalho

Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e comparativo, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, cujos dados foram extraídos de duas avaliações ocorridas nos anos de 2008 e 2010, com base nos instrumentos IV e V do projeto Avaliação para melhoria da qualidade (AMQ) criado em 2005 pelo Ministério da Saúde cujo objetivo é avaliar a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) nos municípios brasileiros e impulsionar o seu crescimento. É uma metodologia de autogestão ou gestão interna dos processos de melhoria contínua da qualidade, que avalia estrutura, processos e resultados e possui como diretrizes o processo de auto-avaliação, livre adesão pelos gestores, ausência de premiações ou punições relacionadas ao resultado bem como a privacidade das informações. Na aplicação dos questionários uma resposta afirmativa ao quesito avaliado considera um avanço no padrão de qualidade, que podem variar de elementar a avançado, nos diversos grandes grupos de avaliação. Observou-se nestes dois anos um avanço significativo nas questões relacionadas à organização do trabalho (de 25 para 52 de respostas afirmativas), acolhimento (de 62,5 para 93,75 de respostas afirmativas) e vigilância à saúde (de 42,85 para 85,71 de respostas afirmativas). Em contrapartida os itens promoção à saúde e controle social não ocorreram variações significativas, com um percentual pequeno de respostas afirmativas, o que mostra a necessidade de investir nestes quesitos. Nos grupos prioritários crianças, adolescentes, mulheres, homens adultos e idosos pode-se afirmar que ocorreu um aumento da cobertura das ações de puericultura e vacinação nos menores de cinco anos, porém o grupo dos adolescentes não sofreu impacto com as intervenções. Quanto ao adulto observou-se a necessidade de aprimorar as ações de vigilância à saúde, realizando busca ativa de mulheres com exames alterados e captação dos homens a realizarem avaliação de saúde. A faixa etária dos idosos também sofreu pouco impacto, mas tem sido alvo de discussões na Unidade referente aos cuidados e crescente demanda por serviços. Em uma avaliação global, levando em conta os dois cadernos avaliados (IV e V) foi possível concluir que no decorrer dos dois anos o serviço avançou em alguns 7 aspectos, resultantes ou não da avaliação anterior e de suas matrizes de intervenção. Através disso pode-se perceber que necessário se torna uma nova elaboração de matrizes e a implementação das ações que proporcionem melhorias. O AMQ também se mostra como uma importante ferramenta de gestão institucionalizada e sistemática dos serviços, sendo passível de acompanhamento por todos os níveis de gerenciamento e até mesmo para a população em geral, necessitando ser pactuada e inserida na rotina dos municípios, proporcionando uma metodologia de avaliação contínua e planejamento das ações para melhoria da assistência na APS.