Cartelera musical : del Renacimiento al Barroco

El título del siguiente trabajo está inspirado en la revista Billboard (U.S.A.), lista de éxitos musicales (U.S.A.,1936), y la Cartella Musicale de Adriano Banchieri (Venecia, 1601), queriendo hacer homenaje a las músicas o melodías más escuchadas. Este fenómeno que aparentemente involucra sólo la recepción, fue muy común durante el s. XVI (período en el cual nos centraremos), pero también mucho antes y hasta nuestros días. El término técnico utilizado para el estudio del mismo, será el de “préstamo”, en música, desarrollado por varios musicólogos pero principalmente por Peter Burkholder. Este proceso ha involucrado no sólo la recepción, sino también la composición, interpretación, intercambio, etc. Mi idea es argumentar y documentar en la medida de lo posible este fenómeno mediante algunos ejemplos concretos.

Els baixonets a Catalunya : una aproximació organològica, funcional i del repertori : el fons musical de Canet de Mar

Aquest treball fa un estudi dels baixonets a Catalunya des de les perspectives organològica, funcional i del repertori. A partir de les informacions aportades pels instruments originals, pels tractats i per estudis especialitats, es defineixen una tipologia instrumental pròpiament hispànica, i unes funcions principalment relacionades amb la música vocal religiosa de mitjans del segle XVI a mitjans del segle XVIII. Posteriorment, es realitza un estudi de la música amb baixonet a la localitat de Canet de Mar. A partir del treball de camp al seu arxiu parroquial, es compilen vuit obres específiques per a baixonet, se'n transcriuen alguns manuscrits, i se'n defineixen els principals aspectes formals i funcionals. El cas de Canet de Mar es pot considerar com un exemple més o menys representatiu de la pràctica instrumental i del repertori específic del baixonet a Catalunya a finals del segle XVII i començaments del segle XVIII.

An Automatic Approach for Learning and Tuning Gaussian Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Membership Functions Applied to Lung CAD Classification System

The potential of type-2 fuzzy sets for managing high levels of uncertainty in the subjective knowledge of experts or of numerical information has focused on control and pattern classification systems in recent years. One of the main challenges in designing a type-2 fuzzy logic system is how to estimate the parameters of type-2 fuzzy membership function (T2MF) and the Footprint of Uncertainty (FOU) from imperfect and noisy datasets. This paper presents an automatic approach for learning and tuning Gaussian interval type-2 membership functions (IT2MFs) with application to multi-dimensional pattern classification problems. T2MFs and their FOUs are tuned according to the uncertainties in the training dataset by a combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and crossvalidation techniques. In our GA-based approach, the structure of the chromosome has fewer genes than other GA methods and chromosome initialization is more precise. The proposed approach addresses the application of the interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS) for the problem of nodule classification in a lung Computer Aided Detection (CAD) system. The designed IT2FLS is compared with its type-1 fuzzy logic system (T1FLS) counterpart. The results demonstrate that the IT2FLS outperforms the T1FLS by more than 30% in terms of classification accuracy.

Individual Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes by Support Vector Machine Analysis of White Matter DTI.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MCI was recently subdivided into sd-aMCI, sd-fMCI, and md-aMCI. The current investigation aimed to discriminate between MCI subtypes by using DTI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-six prospective participants were included: 18 with sd-aMCI, 13 with sd-fMCI, and 35 with md-aMCI. Statistics included group comparisons using TBSS and individual classification using SVMs. RESULTS: The group-level analysis revealed a decrease in FA in md-aMCI versus sd-aMCI in an extensive bilateral, right-dominant network, and a more pronounced reduction of FA in md-aMCI compared with sd-fMCI in right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and inferior longitudinal fasciculus. The comparison between sd-fMCI and sd-aMCI, as well as the analysis of the other diffusion parameters, yielded no significant group differences. The individual-level SVM analysis provided discrimination between the MCI subtypes with accuracies around 97%. The major limitation is the relatively small number of cases of MCI. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that, at the group level, the md-aMCI subgroup has the most pronounced damage in white matter integrity. Individually, SVM analysis of white matter FA provided highly accurate classification of MCI subtypes.

Comparison of Energy Minimization Methods for 3-D Brain Tissue Classification

This paper presents 3-D brain tissue classificationschemes using three recent promising energy minimizationmethods for Markov random fields: graph cuts, loopybelief propagation and tree-reweighted message passing.The classification is performed using the well knownfinite Gaussian mixture Markov Random Field model.Results from the above methods are compared with widelyused iterative conditional modes algorithm. Theevaluation is performed on a dataset containing simulatedT1-weighted MR brain volumes with varying noise andintensity non-uniformities. The comparisons are performedin terms of energies as well as based on ground truthsegmentations, using various quantitative metrics.

Assessment of a new MRI classification of spinal stenosis based on cross-sectional morphology of the dural sac : FM2

Introduction: Quantitative measures of degree of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) such as antero-posterior diameter of the canal or dural sac cross sectional area vary widely and do not correlate with clinical symptoms or results of surgical decompression. In an effort to improve quantification of stenosis we have developed a grading system based on the morphology of the dural sac and its contents as seen on T2 axial images. The grading comprises seven categories ranging form normal to the most severe stenosis and takes into account the ratio of rootlet/CSF content. Material and methods: Fifty T2 axial MRI images taken at disc level from twenty seven symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis patients who underwent decompressive surgery were classified into seven categories by five observers and reclassified 2 weeks later by the same investigators. Intra- and inter-observer reliability of the classification were assessed using Cohen's and Fleiss' kappa statistics, respectively. Results: Generally, the morphology grading system itself was well adopted by the observers. Its success in application is strongly influenced by the identification of the dural sac. The average intraobserver Cohen's kappa was 0.53 ± 0.2. The inter-observer Fleiss' kappa was 0.38 ± 0.02 in the first rating and 0.3 ± 0.03 in the second rating repeated after two weeks. Discussion: In this attempt, the teaching of the observers was limited to an introduction to the general idea of the morphology grading system and one example MRI image per category. The identification of the dimension of the dural sac may be a difficult issue in absence of complete T1 T2 MRI image series as it was the case here. The similarity of the CSF to possibly present fat on T2 images was the main reason of mismatch in the assignment of the cases to a category. The Fleiss correlation factors of the five observers are fair and the proposed morphology grading system is promising.

La recomposition des modèles de genre au sein du mouvement des hommes en Suisse

Résultats partiels d'une étude de doctorat sur le mouvement des hommes en Suisse et particulièrement sur les tendances idéologiques présentes.Results of a doctoral study on the evolution of men's organizations in Switzerland and particularly the ideological trends.

Are Americans' musical preferences more omnivores today?

Although we found a general trend favouring the omnivorousness thesis, as soon as we adjusted it to a set of structural factors and consumers tastes it was clear that this was caused by elitist inclusive omnivores who had increased the scope of their tastes. In general, younger cohorts were becoming less omnivorous, nevertheless, they were also becoming more educated and had greater to higher levels of inc ome, making the youth moreomnivorous. As expected, upscale consumers set limits on their popular taste: musicalgenres, whose audiences had educational levels below the mean profile were less preferredby upscale respondents. In spite of this, as time passed, some popular brows gained socialstatus.

On the efficiency and sensitivity of a pyramidal classification algorithm

In this paper we propose a Pyramidal Classification Algorithm,which together with an appropriate aggregation index producesan indexed pseudo-hierarchy (in the strict sense) withoutinversions nor crossings. The computer implementation of thealgorithm makes it possible to carry out some simulation testsby Monte Carlo methods in order to study the efficiency andsensitivity of the pyramidal methods of the Maximum, Minimumand UPGMA. The results shown in this paper may help to choosebetween the three classification methods proposed, in order toobtain the classification that best fits the original structureof the population, provided we have an a priori informationconcerning this structure.