906 resultados para Mali, Tuomas
Resumo:
Kirjallisuusarvostelu
Resumo:
Kirjallisuusarvostelu
Resumo:
OBJETIVO: Avaliar os indicadores de estresse oxidativo e marcadores inflamatórios em obesos antes e depois da gastroplastia vertical com bandagem em Y-de-Roux. MÉTODOS: Vinte obesos classe III foram submetidos à gastroplastia vertical com bandagem em Y-de-Roux, sendo sete homens e 13 mulheres, com idade média de 39 anos e 20 indivíduos não obesos, nove homens e 11 mulheres, média de idade de 38 anos. Foram determinados os níveis de malondialdeído no plasma, índice de estresse, capacidade antioxidante total, catalase e glutationa reduzida e oxidada, e marcadores inflamatórios (proteína C reativa e á-1 glicoproteína ácida). No grupo obeso, estes parâmetros foram determinados antes e 2, 6 e 12 meses após a gastroplastia vertical com bandagem em Y-de-Roux. RESULTADOS: No pré-operatório, o grupo obeso apresentou níveis elevados de marcadores inflamatórios, de estresse oxidativo (níveis de malondialdeído e índice de estresse) e menores níveis de indicadores de defesa antioxidante em relação ao grupo controle. O emagrecimento foi acompanhado de redução progressiva do níveis de malondialdeído e do índice de estresse. Foi observado aumento da concentração de glutationa reduzida e da capacidade antioxidante total e redução dos níveis de marcadores inflamatórios. CONCLUSÃO: A redução do peso melhora o estado inflamatório e os níveis de estresse oxidativo.
Resumo:
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia da derivação gástrica com bandagem em Y-de-Roux na promoção da perda de peso após oito anos de seguimento. MÉTODOS: Duzentos e onze obesos foram submetidos à derivação gástrica com bandagem em Y-de-Roux, pela mesma equipe cirúrgica. O desenho do estudo foi longitudinal, prospectivo e descritivo. A análise da diminuição do peso no pós-operatório foi baseado na perda do excesso de peso em percentual e no cálculo do IMC. Falha terapêutica foi considerada quando os pacientes perderam <50% do excesso de peso. RESULTADOS: A perda de seguimento foi de 36,5%, portanto, 134 pacientes foram incluídos neste estudo. A perda do excesso de peso em percentual média global no pós-operatório foi de: 67,6 ± 14,9% no primeiro ano, 72,6 ± 14,9% no segundo ano, 69,7 ± 15,1% no quinto ano e 66,8 ± 7,6 em oito anos. Falha no tratamento cirúrgico ocorreu em 15 pacientes (7,1%) ao longo dos oito anos. CONCLUSÃO: A derivação gástrica com bandagem em Y-de-Roux foi efetiva na promoção e manutenção da perda de peso no longo prazo, com baixa taxa de falhas.
Resumo:
Kirja-arvio
Resumo:
Formal software development processes and well-defined development methodologies are nowadays seen as the definite way to produce high-quality software within time-limits and budgets. The variety of such high-level methodologies is huge ranging from rigorous process frameworks like CMMI and RUP to more lightweight agile methodologies. The need for managing this variety and the fact that practically every software development organization has its own unique set of development processes and methods have created a profession of software process engineers. Different kinds of informal and formal software process modeling languages are essential tools for process engineers. These are used to define processes in a way which allows easy management of processes, for example process dissemination, process tailoring and process enactment. The process modeling languages are usually used as a tool for process engineering where the main focus is on the processes themselves. This dissertation has a different emphasis. The dissertation analyses modern software development process modeling from the software developers’ point of view. The goal of the dissertation is to investigate whether the software process modeling and the software process models aid software developers in their day-to-day work and what are the main mechanisms for this. The focus of the work is on the Software Process Engineering Metamodel (SPEM) framework which is currently one of the most influential process modeling notations in software engineering. The research theme is elaborated through six scientific articles which represent the dissertation research done with process modeling during an approximately five year period. The research follows the classical engineering research discipline where the current situation is analyzed, a potentially better solution is developed and finally its implications are analyzed. The research applies a variety of different research techniques ranging from literature surveys to qualitative studies done amongst software practitioners. The key finding of the dissertation is that software process modeling notations and techniques are usually developed in process engineering terms. As a consequence the connection between the process models and actual development work is loose. In addition, the modeling standards like SPEM are partially incomplete when it comes to pragmatic process modeling needs, like light-weight modeling and combining pre-defined process components. This leads to a situation, where the full potential of process modeling techniques for aiding the daily development activities can not be achieved. Despite these difficulties the dissertation shows that it is possible to use modeling standards like SPEM to aid software developers in their work. The dissertation presents a light-weight modeling technique, which software development teams can use to quickly analyze their work practices in a more objective manner. The dissertation also shows how process modeling can be used to more easily compare different software development situations and to analyze their differences in a systematic way. Models also help to share this knowledge with others. A qualitative study done amongst Finnish software practitioners verifies the conclusions of other studies in the dissertation. Although processes and development methodologies are seen as an essential part of software development, the process modeling techniques are rarely used during the daily development work. However, the potential of these techniques intrigues the practitioners. As a conclusion the dissertation shows that process modeling techniques, most commonly used as tools for process engineers, can also be used as tools for organizing the daily software development work. This work presents theoretical solutions for bringing the process modeling closer to the ground-level software development activities. These theories are proven feasible by presenting several case studies where the modeling techniques are used e.g. to find differences in the work methods of the members of a software team and to share the process knowledge to a wider audience.
Resumo:
Palvelukohteiden maakunnallinen opastussuunnitelma on ensisijaisesti asiantuntijoille ja lupaviranomaisille tarkoitettu strategia-asiakirja, jossa ei tehdä varsinaisia opastusmerkkisuunnitelmia. Suunnitelmaa varten selvitetään maakunnan erityispiirteet ja laaditaan pitkän tähtäimen suunnitelma maakunnan opastusjärjestelmän kehittämiselle. Uudenmaan ja Itä-Uudenmaan palvelukohteiden maakunnallisessa opastussuunnitelmassa kartoitettiin valtakunnallisesti ja maakunnallisesti merkittävimmät nähtävyydet, aktiviteetit, matkailukohteet, leirintäalueet sekä opastuspaikat yhteistyössä palvelukohteiden viitoituskelpoisuutta suosittelevien tahojen sekä kuntien ja muiden sidosryhmien kanssa. Lausunnonantajina ovat olleet Museovirasto, Metsähallitus, Suomen Leirintäalueyhdistys sekä Suomen matkailuorganisaatioiden yhdistys (SUOMA ry). Lausuntopyyntö lähetettiin myös Uudenmaan taidetoimikunnalle ja Uudenmaan Ympäristökeskukselle, mutta heiltä ei saatu vastausta. Lisäksi nykytilan kartoituksen aikana inventoitiin kaikki Uudenmaan sekä Itä-Uudenmaan opastuspisteet ja inventointien tuloksista tehtiin erillinen raportti Uudenmaan ELY-keskukselle. Koska Uudenmaan ja Itä-Uudenmaan maakunnat yhdistyvät vuoden 2011 alussa, palvelukohteiden maakunnallisen opastussuunnitelma laadittiin samanaikaisesti sekä Uudenmaan että Itä-Uudenmaan maakunnille ja ne käsiteltiin työssä yhdessä. Nykytilan kartoituksen pohjalta on laadittu Uudenmaan ja Itä-Uudenmaan maakuntien palvelukohteiden opastusstrategia. Sen päätavoitteina ovat yhteistyön tiivistäminen eri sidosryhmien kesken perustamalla opastuksen yhteistyöryhmä, opastuspaikkojen kehittäminen inventoinneissa havaittujen puutteiden perusteella sekä palvelukohteiden seudullisten suunnitelmien käynnistäminen mahdollisimman pikaisesti. Yhteistyöryhmän tehtävänä on seurata opastusstrategian toteutumista ja sen puheenjohtajana toimii Uudenmaan ELY-keskus.