Evaluación de las técnicas quirúrgicas medial VS la técnica lateral en ovariohisterectomía en la especie canina en el municipio de Camoapa, 2014.

El presente trabajo de investigación fue realizado en la ciudad de Camoapa, municipio del Departamento de Boaco, Republica de Nicaragua; el mismo que tuvo como objetivo determinar la técnica quirúrgica de esterilización más adecuada para una pronta recuperación del paciente, tomándose como muestra a 12 hembras canina, cuyas edades fueron comprendidas desde los 6 meses hasta los 24 meses de edad de toda raza. Las técnicas empleadas fueron la técnica medial y la técnica lateral, el tamaño requerido de la población para este trabajo fue de 12 hembras caninas las cuales se dividieron en cuatro grupos de 3 animales para cada grupo, generando 7 observaciones para cada grupo. Dichas intervenciones siguieron un protocolo de asepsia, anestesia y quirúrgico. De esta manera de acuerdo, a los procedimientos estadísticos se desprendieron las siguientes conclusiones: no existe una interacción entre la edad, las técnicas y el tiempo de recuperación del paciente post–quirurgico. Por otra parte, al evaluar la variable de cicatrización, se demostró que los caninos de menor edad tienen una mejor respuesta a la intervención quirúrgica. Y en conclusión para tener una cicatrización en menor tiempo, se recomienda aplicar una laparotomía lateral, en perras de cualquier edad, por cuanto la técnica utilizada y el tiempo de cicatrización se comportan de manera independiente en relación a la edad del animal.

Diffusion dominated process for the crystal growth of a binary alloy

The pure diffusion process has been often used to study the crystal growth of a binary alloy in the microgravity environment. In the present paper, a geometric parameter, the ratio of the maximum deviation distance of curved solidification and melting interfaces from the plane to the radius of the crystal rod, was adopted as a small parameter, and the analytical solution was obtained based on the perturbation theory. The radial segregation of a diffusion dominated process was obtained for cases of arbitrary Peclet number in a region of finite extension with both a curved solidification interface and a curved melting interface. Two types of boundary conditions at the melting interface were analyzed. Some special cases such as infinite extension in the longitudinal direction and special range of Peclet number were reduced from the general solution and discussed in detail.

Numerical simulation of hypersonic viscous flow around space shuttle with method of diffusion analogy

Hypersonic viscous flow around a space shuttle with M(infinity) = 7, Re = 148000 and angle of attack alpha = 5-degrees is simulated numerically with the special Jacobian matrix splitting technique and simplified diffusion analogy method. With the simplified diffusion analogy method the efficiency of computation and resolution of the shock can be improved.

A perturbational h4 exponential finite-difference scheme for the convective diffusion equation

A perturbational h4 compact exponential finite difference scheme with diagonally dominant coefficient matrix and upwind effect is developed for the convective diffusion equation. Perturbations of second order are exerted on the convective coefficients and source term of an h2 exponential finite difference scheme proposed in this paper based on a transformation to eliminate the upwind effect of the convective diffusion equation. Four numerical examples including one- to three-dimensional model equations of fluid flow and a problem of natural convective heat transfer are given to illustrate the excellent behavior of the present exponential schemes, the h4 accuracy of the perturbational scheme is verified using double precision arithmetic.

H4 exponential finite-difference scheme for convective diffusion-equations

Perturbations are applied to the convective coefficients and source term of a convection-diffusion equation so that second-order corrections may be applied to a second-order exponential scheme. The basic Structure of the equations in the resulting fourth-order scheme is identical to that for the second order. Furthermore, the calculations are quite simple as the second-order corrections may be obtained in a single pass using a second-order scheme. For one to three dimensions, the fourth-order exponential scheme is unconditionally stable. As examples, the method is applied to Burgers' and other fluid mechanics problems. Compared with schemes normally used, the accuracies are found to be good and the method is applicable to regions with large gradients.

Diffusion analogy and shock capturing for solving aerodynamic equations

Improving the resolution of the shock is one of the most important subjects in computational aerodynamics. In this paper the behaviour of the solutions near the shock is discussed and the reason of the oscillation production is investigated heuristically. According to the differential approximation of the difference scheme the so-called diffusion analogy equation and the diffusion analogy coefficient are defined. Four methods for improving the resolution of the shock are presented using the concept of diffusion analogy.