Projecte de nau industrial sostenible

La majoria de naus industrials són edificis contenidors, senzills, modulars i, sobretot, concebuts com a edificis rendibles, sense tenir en compte criteris de protecció del medi ambient. En el projecte s’ha optat per fer el disseny i càlcul d’una nau industrial prefabricada de formigó armat per a la fabricació de maquinària per la indústria agroalimentària, amb dos nivells d’oficines, zona de producció amb pont grua, laboratoris i magatzems amb una superfície total aproximada de 1800 m². Per tal que sigui un edifici sostenible, s’ha optat per la instal·lació de plaques solars fotovoltaiques, aïllament tèrmic, aprofitament d’aigües plujanes, gestió de residus, aprofitament òptim, il·luminació natural, estalvi d’energia a causa d'una bona gestió dels recursos energètics

Projecte constructiu d’una nau industrial

Definició d’una nau industrial per a magatzem frigorífic mitjançant lamemòria tècnica, els plànols i els càlculs ubicada al terme municipal de Begur (Baix Empordà)

Gestió d'un magatzem recanvis industrial

El treball final de carrera tracta l'estudi i disseny de la gestió d'un magatzem, en particular enfocat a un magatzem de recanvis d'una empresa de caire industrial, que a banda d'utilitzar els materials per a realitzar el manteniment dels equips productius també els necessita per a la construcció d'automatismes per a la automatització del procés productiu. L'estudi esta enfocat a una posterior parametrització e implementació mitjançant SAP R/3, ja que aquest ERP és una de les eines més potents que existeixen al mercat mundial per la gestió de magatzems, amb el valor afegit d'integrar el sistema de emmagatzematge amb la resta de àrees funcionals de l'empresa.

Evaluation of work-related volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exposition in automotive painting cabins industrial cleanings

Automotive painting cabins are cleaned with several solvents, being great part of them mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), where the three xylene isomers are the most important constituents. To evaluate the work-related exposition of the cleaners that use these mixtures of solvents, xylenes have been determined in the working ambient air as well as its metabolite, o-m-p-methyl hippuric acid, has been analysed in urine to establish the dermal and respiratory exposition. This evaluation has been done in order to assess the occupational exposure to VOCs and to know the working conditions of the cleaners, but also to evaluate the effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE), the engineering control and the work practices.The xylenes have been chosen as indicators of exposition because they are the main components in the cleaning solvents used, with a level of concentration between 50% and 85%.The Xylenes have an occupational exposure limit (8 h TWA) of 50 ppm (221 mg/m3) and a short-term exposure limit (STEL) of 100 ppm (442 mg/m3). On the other hand, the biological exposure index (BEI) for xylenes is the sum of the total methyl hippuric acids in urine at the end of the work-shift, being the value 1500 mg/g creatinine.

Dashboard industrial: panell d'indicadors per gestionar una fàbrica d'una multinacional del sector d'automoció

En el context de globalització i competitivitat actuals, sobretot en el sectord’automoció, les diferències competitives entre empreses o companyies estàcada vegada més relacionada amb els factors immaterials, tals com elconeixement, la investigació, el desenvolupament tecnològic i la qualificaciódels recursos humans i l’eficiència en la gestió.L’eficiència en la gestió és bàsica per aconseguir un plus de competitivitatque és clau per satisfer els clients, i per tant, també per agilitzar lesorganitzacions i posar-les a punt per a nous reptes i per a nous models denegoci per donar resposta a la demanda de la canviant i exigent societat.Aquest treball exposa un exemple d’un sistema de gestió basat en el panelld’indicadors (“Dashboard Industrial”) per una planta d’una multinacional delsector d’automoció.Aquesta eina, que està alineada amb l’estratègia de la companyia, es potextrapolar altres empreses i a altres sectors. Està basada en lametodologia PDCA (Plan Do Check Act) és a dir planificant objectius,posant-los en pràctica mesurant-los periòdicament i prenent decisions per lamillora contínua dels resultats de cada una dels indicadors.Sens dubte, l’eficiència en la gestió és un dels factors clau per lesorganitzacions amb ànim innovador i competitiu.En el treball també es destaca la importància que té la tasca dels enginyersen la gestió al llarg de la seva vida laboral.

Chromosomal divergence and evolutionary inferences in Rhodniini based on the chromosomal location of ribosomal genes

In this study, we used fluorescence in situ hybridisation to determine the chromosomal location of 45S rDNA clusters in 10 species of the tribe Rhodniini (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). The results showed striking inter and intraspecific variability, with the location of the rDNA clusters restricted to sex chromosomes with two patterns: either on one (X chromosome) or both sex chromosomes (X and Y chromosomes). This variation occurs within a genus that has an unchanging diploid chromosome number (2n = 22, including 20 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes) and a similar chromosome size and genomic DNA content, reflecting a genome dynamic not revealed by these chromosome traits. The rDNA variation in closely related species and the intraspecific polymorphism in Rhodnius ecuadoriensis suggested that the chromosomal position of rDNA clusters might be a useful marker to identify recently diverged species or populations. We discuss the ancestral position of ribosomal genes in the tribe Rhodniini and the possible mechanisms involved in the variation of the rDNA clusters, including the loss of rDNA loci on the Y chromosome, transposition and ectopic pairing. The last two processes involve chromosomal exchanges between both sex chromosomes, in contrast to the widely accepted idea that the achiasmatic sex chromosomes of Heteroptera do not interchange sequences.

Two methods for voltage sag source location

This paper presents and compares two approaches to estimate the origin (upstream or downstream) of voltage sag registered in distribution substations. The first approach is based on the application of a single rule dealing with features extracted from the impedances during the fault whereas the second method exploit the variability of waveforms from an statistical point of view. Both approaches have been tested with voltage sags registered in distribution substations and advantages, drawbacks and comparative results are presented

Estimation of zero-sequence impedance of undergrounds cables for single-phase fault location in distribution systems with electric arc

This paper focus on the problem of locating single-phase faults in mixed distribution electric systems, with overhead lines and underground cables, using voltage and current measurements at the sending-end and sequence model of the network. Since calculating series impedance for underground cables is not as simple as in the case of overhead lines, the paper proposes a methodology to obtain an estimation of zero-sequence impedance of underground cables starting from previous single-faults occurred in the system, in which an electric arc occurred at the fault location. For this reason, the signal is previously pretreated to eliminate its peaks voltage and the analysis can be done working with a signal as close as a sinus wave as possible

Plasma Elaidic Acid Level as Biomarker of Industrial Trans Fatty Acids and Risk of Weight Change: Report from the EPIC Study.

BACKGROUND Few epidemiological studies have examined the association between dietary trans fatty acids and weight gain, and the evidence remains inconsistent. The main objective of the study was to investigate the prospective association between biomarker of industrial trans fatty acids and change in weight within the large study European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. METHODS Baseline plasma fatty acid concentrations were determined in a representative EPIC sample from the 23 participating EPIC centers. A total of 1,945 individuals were followed for a median of 4.9 years to monitor weight change. The association between elaidic acid level and percent change of weight was investigated using a multinomial logistic regression model, adjusted by length of follow-up, age, energy, alcohol, smoking status, physical activity, and region. RESULTS In women, doubling elaidic acid was associated with a decreased risk of weight loss (odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.55-0.88, p = 0.002) and a trend was observed with an increased risk of weight gain during the 5-year follow-up (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.97-1.56, p = 0.082) (p-trend<.0001). In men, a trend was observed for doubling elaidic acid level and risk of weight loss (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.66-1.01, p = 0.062) while no significant association was found with risk of weight gain during the 5-year follow-up (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.88-1.33, p = 0.454). No association was found for saturated and cis-monounsaturated fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that a high intake of industrial trans fatty acids may decrease the risk of weight loss, particularly in women. Prevention of obesity should consider limiting the consumption of highly processed foods, the main source of industrially-produced trans fatty acids.

Effect of length and location of heterologous sequences on RecA-mediated strand exchange.

We systematically investigated the effect of heterology on RecA-mediated strand exchange between double-stranded linear and single-stranded circular DNA. Strand exchange took place through heterologies of up to 150-200 base pairs when the insertion was at the proximal (initiating) end of the duplex DNA but was completely blocked by an insert of only 22 base pairs placed at the distal end of the duplex. In the case of medial heterology created by insertion either in the duplex or the single-stranded DNA, the ability of RecA to exchange strands decreased as the heterology was shifted toward the distal end of the duplex. These results suggest that two different strand exchange mechanisms operate in the proximal and distal portions of the duplex substrate.

Ciclo de vida organizacional pautado no modelo de Lester, Parnell e Carraher (2003) e na lógica fuzzy: classificação de empresas de um segmento industrial de Santa Catarina

Neste estudo, objetiva-se identificar os estágios do ciclo de vida organizacional pautados no modelo de Lester, Parnell e Carraher (2003) das empresas do segmento industrial de máquinas, aparelhos e materiais elétricos do estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, foi realizada por meio de levantamento com aplicação de questionário aos gestores das empresas. A população constituiu-se das 264 empresas desse segmento econômico, listadas na Secretaria da Fazenda do Estado de Santa Catarina, e a amostra não aleatória das 40 empresas que responderam a pesquisa. As variáveis de identificação dos estágios de ciclo de vida utilizadas no questionário foram extraídas de Lester, Parnell e Carraher (2003). Os dados da pesquisa foram submetidos à técnica estatística denominada lógica fuzzy. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que 57,5% das empresas foram classificadas no estágio do nascimento, 15% do, 7,5% da Maturidade, 10% do rejuvenescimento e 10% do declínio. Concluiu-se que determinados estágios do ciclo de vida organizacional estão próximos uns dos outros e que não se pode perceber claramente uma progressão determinista nas fases do ciclo de vida, como uma sequência única, definitiva e irreversível, no sentido tradicional biológico.

Projecte d'una indústria càrnia elaboradora d'embotits cuits seguint criteris d'eficiència energètica, situada al polígon industrial del Terme Municipal de Riudellots de la Selva, província de Girona

Disseny i posada en marxa d’una indústria càrnia elaboradora d’embotits cuits on es segueixen criteris d’eficiència energètica en tot el procés. La indústria s’ubicarà al polígon industrial Girona, sector Ponent, del terme municipal de Riudellots de la Selva a la comarca de la Selva, en una propietat del promotor, dotada amb bones comunicacions per carretera, ferrocarril i avió, i a més es trova situada a prop de nuclis urbans importants com Girona i Barcelona. Per tant, per la seva localització i les bones infraestructures existents podem assegurar que tindrà un bon accés per la recepció de les matèries primeres i per la distribució dels productes acabats. Es dissenyen les instal•lacions de la indústria per garantir una capacitat productiva de 1.000 tones de producte acabat a l’any. La comercialització dels seus productes es preveu que sigui bàsicament a nivell de la província de Girona, abraçant una quota de mercat del sector carni en aquesta zona d’un 10%, i podent ampliar el seu mercat objectiu en un futur a d’altres províncies o a l’estranger si fos viable. Del volum anual de producció, es decideix que el 45% de la producció vagi destinada a envasos llescats, ja que la venda d’un producte llescat fa que el consumidor final compri l’estrictament necessari, per tant aquest fet assegura que elmercat sigui més estable. El 55% restant es destina a la presentació a l’engròs, per poder servir el producte a carnisseries o al sector restauració

Do mainframe à nuvem: inovações, estrutura industrial e modelos de negócios nas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação

Inovações radicais nas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação (TIC) abrem oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de novos modelos de negócios que, quando bem-sucedidos, acabam por alterar a própria estrutura da indústria global. A partir da revisão de mudanças estruturais ocorridas nas TIC nas últimas cinco décadas, neste artigo analisam-se a relação entre novas tecnologias, o surgimento de empresas consideradas paradigmas e seus respectivos modelos de negócios visando contribuir para o processo de formulação de estratégias empresariais e políticas públicas. O caso da empresa Google, responsável pela última onda de inovações radicais no setor, é analisado com base na recente literatura sobre a economia da informação visando exemplificar o impacto das mudanças tecnológicas no padrão de competição da indústria.