The effect of mobile technology as an active student response system on the acquisition of U.S. history content of secondary students with specific learning disabilities

Students with specific learning disabilities (SLD) typically learn less history content than their peers without disabilities and show fewer learning gains. Even when they are provided with the same instructional strategies, many students with SLD struggle to grasp complex historical concepts and content area vocabulary. Many strategies involving technology have been used in the past to enhance learning for students with SLD in history classrooms. However, very few studies have explored the effectiveness of emerging mobile technology in K-12 history classrooms. ^ This study investigated the effects of mobile devices (iPads) as an active student response (ASR) system on the acquisition of U.S. history content of middle school students with SLD. An alternating treatments single subject design was used to compare the effects of two interventions. There were two conditions and a series of pretest probesin this study. The conditions were: (a) direct instruction and studying from handwritten notes using the interactive notebook strategy and (b) direct instruction and studying using the Quizlet App on the iPad. There were three dependent variables in this study: (a) percent correct on tests, (b) rate of correct responses per minute, and (c) rate of errors per minute. ^ A comparative analysis suggested that both interventions (studying from interactive notes and studying using Quizlet on the iPad) had varying degrees of effectiveness in increasing the learning gains of students with SLD. In most cases, both interventions were equally effective. During both interventions, all of the participants increased their percentage correct and increased their rate of correct responses. Most of the participants decreased their rate of errors. ^ The results of this study suggest that teachers of students with SLD should consider a post lesson review in the form of mobile devices as an ASR system or studying from handwritten notes paired with existing evidence-based practices to facilitate students’ knowledge in U.S. history. Future research should focus on the use of other interactive applications on various mobile operating platforms, on other social studies subjects, and should explore various testing formats such as oral question-answer and multiple choice. ^

The Buddhist Coleridge: Creating Space for The Rime of the Ancient Mariner within Buddhist Romantic Studies

The popularization of academic spaces that combine Buddhist philosophy with the literature of the Romantic period – a discipline I refer to as Buddhist Romantic Studies – have exposed the lack of scholarly attention Samuel Taylor Coleridge and The Rime of the Ancient Mariner have received within such studies. Validating Coleridge’s right to exist within Buddhist Romantic spheres, my thesis argues that Coleridge was cognizant of Buddhism through historical and textual encounters. To create a space for The Rime within Buddhist Romantic Studies, my thesis provides an interpretation of the poem that centers on the concept of prajna, or wisdom, as a vital tool for cultivating the mind. Focusing on prajna, I argue that the Mariner’s didactic story traces his cognitive voyage from ignorance to enlightenment. By examining The Rime within the framework of Buddhism, readers will also be able to grasp the importance of cultivating the mind and transcending ignorance.

Poïétique de la création sonore au cinéma : la figure de l’artiste-poïéticien

Nous proposons, dans ce mémoire, d’explorer les possibilités pratiques et pédagogiques d’une approche autopoïétique de la création sonore au cinéma. Notre principal souci sera de saisir les modalités de l’ascèse propre aux artistes qui se livrent à une telle activité, comprise comme un « apprentissage de soi par soi » (Foucault), afin de faire celui qui peut faire l’œuvre (processus de subjectivation), et le rôle descriptif et opératoire de cet exercice - en tant qu’effort pour penser de façon critique son propre savoir-faire -, dans le faire-œuvre et l’invention de possibles dans l’écriture audio-visuelle cinématographique. Pour ce faire, d’une part, nous étudierons, à partir de témoignages autopoïétiques, le rapport réflexif de trois créateurs sonores à leur pratique et leur effort pour penser (et mettre en place) les conditions d’une pratique et d’une esthétique du son filmique comme forme d’art sonore dans un contexte audio-visuel, alors qu’ils travaillent dans un cadre normalisant : Randy Thom, Walter Murch et Franck Warner. D’autre part, nous recourrons à différentes considérations théoriques (la théorie de l’art chez Deleuze et Guattari, la « surécoute » chez Szendy, l’histoire de la poïétique à partir de Valéry, etc.) et pratiques (la recherche musicale chez Schaeffer, la relation maître-apprenti, les rapports entre automatisme et pensée dans le cinéma moderne chez Artaud et Godard, etc.), afin de contextualiser et d’analyser ces expériences de création, avec l’objectif de problématiser la figure de l’artiste-poïéticien sur un plan éthique dans le sillage de la théorie des techniques de soi chez Foucault.

Passages inclusifs : le réseau d'organismes communautaires autochtones de Montréal

This research aims to enrich the understanding of the constitution of a sense of belonging to an aboriginal community in Montreal. It has been demonstrated that there is indeed a social cohesion in Montreal based on the collective aboriginal ethnic identity, or aboriginality. This cohesion is supported by aboriginal organizations and associations, whise approaches and engagements have a direct impact on their inclusion into the community. These institutions are considered as the source of communitarian social bond in the city. By the empowerment of a shared aboriginal identity, the representation of community interests, the integration in the urban life, the service delivery to members of the middle class and the creation of secured spaces dedicated to their cultural heritage, aboriginal associations are creating social ties to the community. On the other hand, some problems like the lack of communication between organizations, their hermetic nature, their excessive bureaucratic methods, the way women in the community monopolize the institutions, the presence of non-aboriginal people as well as the gang phenomenon are all experienced in the organizations. These problems produce harmful consequences on the member’s relations to the communitarian system and reduce their participation and attendance. Also, the social bond within the native community is weakened by various factors outside the grasp of the institutions. Some internal discriminations and stereotypes, sometimes tied to the use of administrative indicators of the Canadian Aboriginal Law, the lack of a native district in Montreal, and the different socio-economic members’ situations create divisions and affect the community spirit. This thesis focuses on the native community construction in an urban area through its institutional sphere, which differs from other studies on urban Natives. The objective is to understand the urban realities and the way the urban native communities are developing themselves.

La gouvernance métropolitaine du transport collectif dans la région montréalaise : le cas du SRB Pie-IX

Montréal parle de disposer d’un service rapide par bus depuis une dizaine années. En 2015, les travaux pour réaliser le premier tronçon du projet appelé le SRB Pie-IX commencent à peine. Comment justifier des délais de réalisation de plusieurs années alors que d’autres villes y arrivent en moins de 3 ans? Plusieurs élus et organismes de Montréal dénoncent une problématique de gouvernance du transport collectif. Seulement, il n’est pas évident de saisir la signification de ce concept si souvent invoqué pour justifier, entre autres, les difficultés de la métropole à faire naître des projets métropolitains de transport collectif. Certains évoquent la responsabilité du gouvernement, d’autres avancent la mauvaise répartition des rôles et responsabilités ou encore déplorent le trop grand nombre d’intervenants dans la région métropolitaine. La gouvernance est un concept à la fois flou et complexe qui cherche à établir la bonne conduite des affaires publiques comme celle de la gestion métropolitaine du transport collectif. Cependant, le système de transport collectif fait intervenir une multitude de parties prenantes aux intérêts contradictoires. La « bonne gouvernance » serait d’établir une collaboration fructueuse qui dépasse les limites institutionnalisées des intervenants pour réaliser des projets d’envergure métropolitaine, comme le SRB Pie-IX.

Diseño y estudio de situaciones didácticas que favorecen el trabajo con registros semióticos

What’s behind the mistakes and difficulties that appear on the students to understand and study mathematics?are only related to the cognitive complexity of the content or such difficulties are also related to the possible ways to access the different mathematical objects? The mathematical activity generated in many students learning difficulties that are not manifested in cognitive processes related to other areas of knowledge. If something characterizes the processes of teaching and learning of mathematics is that, unlike what happens with the objects of study in the experimental sciences, the only way to access to them is through its different semiotic representations. The coordination among the different systems of representation that refer to the same mathematical concept, needs to move from one register to another (D’Amore, 1998, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006; Duval, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012; Godino, 2002, 2003, 2012, 2014; Kaput, 1989a, 1989b,1992, 1998; Radford, 1998, 2004a, 2004b, 2004c, 2006a, 2008,2009, 2011, 2013, 2014a). Therefore, the treatments that can be realized within a given register and the conversion of one register into another, play an essential role in the grasp of the object and mathematical concepts. Through this work with representations, students give meanings to the objects of study and are able to understand the underlying mathematical structures, which is the main educational interest of this issue...

Migration-related detention: A focus on the Italian context

Inspired by a community psychology ecological perspective, this chapter addresses migration-related detention as part of that set of practices implemented by the EU and the Schengen Area to ensure internal security by strengthening external borders control. In particular, it focuses on the Italian context. Starting from a historical overview of the Italian legal and policy framework on migration, a critical analysis of the rationale for migrant detention and deportation is developed, highlighting the business interests at stake. In this regard, the concept of immigration industrial complex is utilized, emphasizing its similarities with the military and prison industrial complexes. Finally, the case of an Italian migration-related detention center is illustrated. We argue for the use of ecological multilevel analysis to grasp the complexity of these sites of confinement, and shed light on the forces and interests that revolve around them. Alternatives are advocated based on freedom and justice for all.

Participation of portuguese manufacturing industry in global value chains

Portugal’s manufacturing sector has a significant importance both in national income and employment. As has been pointed out by several researchers, the traditional methods of analysis fail to grasp all the dimensions of economic competitiveness. This dissertation is then, at its core, an analysis of Portugal’s manufacturing industry in terms of the latter’s value added to production and impact to employment under the framework of global value chains. The current dissertation seeks to study in which way the Portuguese manufacturing industry, and its respective sectors, has a direct and indirect impact on the creation of value added and employment and how this impact can be measured. For development of this work the input-output approach for calculation of multipliers and the new framework proposed by Timmer et al. (2013) for calculation of GVC income and GVC jobs indicators were used, elaborated on the basis of the WIOD project dataset. Moreover, to illustrate the application of the provided methodology the Portuguese textile industry was used as an example. It was found that the changes in final demand of such sectors as Pulp, Paper, Printing and Publishing; Machinery, Nec and Textiles and Textile Products would have a larger impact on generated value added than other manufacturing sectors. At the same time, employment created by the changes in final demand would be more impacted by such sectors as Food, Beverages and Tobacco; Wood and Products of Wood and Cork and Textiles and Textile Products. In this regard, the number of low-skilled workers in Portugal seems to be more effected by changes in final demand, than those occupied by higher -skilled individuals. Moreover, it was found that the distribution of GVC income and GVC jobs for the Portuguese manufacturing industry shares a similar outlook. However, upon closer inspection of GVC labour distribution by skill levels there seems to exist a general progression in which low-skilled jobs requirements are met by local resources, while the need for higher skilled jobs require a greater “off-shoring” of work The results obtained through calculations of presented multipliers provide a powerful tool for policy makers in strategic planning of development of national economy. Using the provided methodology and obtained results, a government and supranational organizations could define which industry would have the greatest impact for an additional unit of output generated through the economy, and thus define the sectors for further investments.

Malséance : la mort et l'image dans le (méta)théâtre de Samuel Beckett et de Jean Genet

Both ludic and macabre, the theatrical works of Samuel Beckett and Jean Genet are a paradox to behold. Indeed, as this thesis seeks to illustrate, despite their vastly differing aesthetics, at the core of each playwright’s stage productions is a tension between the characters’ yearning for silence and invisibility, and the continual creation of an often humorous, chaotic, exaggerated or theatrical image that depicts this very longing. Seeking an impossible intersection between their image and their death, they are trapped in a double bind that guarantees aesthetic failure. In order to grasp the close, yet delicate, relationship between the image of death and the death of the image, as presented in the plays of Beckett and Genet, we will explore how the characters’ creative processes deflate the very images — both visual and auditory — that they create. More specifically, we will examine how mimesis both liberates and confines the characters; while the symbolic realm provides the only means of self-representation, it is also a source of profound alienation and powerlessness, for it never adequately conveys meaning. Thus, body, gesture, language and voice are each the site of simultaneous and ceaseless reappearance and disappearance, for which death remains the only (aporetic) cure. Struggling against theatrical form, which demands the actors’ and the audience’s physical presence, both playwrights make shrewd use of metatheatre to slowly empty the stage and thereby suggest the impending, yet impossible, erasure of their characters.

Biopolymers - facts and statistics

One of the main concerns of this publication is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use, water use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc.

Ordonnancement des opérations dans une unité d’extrusion

Les travaux de ce mémoire traitent du problème d’ordonnancement et d’optimisation de la production dans un environnement de plusieurs machines en présence de contraintes sur les ressources matérielles dans une usine d’extrusion plastique. La minimisation de la somme pondérée des retards est le critère économique autour duquel s’articule cette étude car il représente un critère très important pour le respect des délais. Dans ce mémoire, nous proposons une approche exacte via une formulation mathématique capable des donner des solutions optimales et une approche heuristique qui repose sur deux méthodes de construction de solution sérielle et parallèle et un ensemble de méthodes de recherche dans le voisinage (recuit-simulé, recherche avec tabous, GRASP et algorithme génétique) avec cinq variantes de voisinages. Pour être en totale conformité avec la réalité de l’industrie du plastique, nous avons pris en considération certaines caractéristiques très fréquentes telles que les temps de changement d’outils sur les machines lorsqu’un ordre de fabrication succède à un autre sur une machine donnée. La disponibilité des extrudeuses et des matrices d’extrusion représente le goulot d’étranglement dans ce problème d’ordonnancement. Des séries d’expérimentations basées sur des problèmes tests ont été effectuées pour évaluer la qualité de la solution obtenue avec les différents algorithmes proposés. L’analyse des résultats a démontré que les méthodes de construction de solution ne sont pas suffisantes pour assurer de bons résultats et que les méthodes de recherche dans le voisinage donnent des solutions de très bonne qualité. Le choix du voisinage est important pour raffiner la qualité de la solution obtenue. Mots-clés : ordonnancement, optimisation, extrusion, formulation mathématique, heuristique, recuit-simulé, recherche avec tabous, GRASP, algorithme génétique

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Dyscalculia

Dyscalculia stands for a brain-based condition that makes it hard to make sense of numbers and mathematical concepts. Some adolescents with dyscalculia cannot grasp basic number concepts. They work hard to learn and memorize basic number facts. They may know what to do in mathematical classes but do not understand why they are doing it. In other words, they miss the logic behind it. However, it may be worked out in order to decrease its degree of severity. For example, disMAT, an app developed for android may help children to apply mathematical concepts, without much effort, that is turning in itself, a promising tool to dyscalculia treatment. Thus, this work focuses on the development of an Intelligent System to estimate children evidences of dyscalculia, based on data obtained on-the-fly with disMAT. The computational framework is built on top of a Logic Programming framework to Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, complemented with a Case-Based problem solving approach to computing, that allows for the handling of incomplete, unknown, or even contradictory information.

LA GEOGRAFÍA Y SUS ACTUALES DESAFÍOS TEÓRICOS Y METODOLÓGICOS

El mundo de hoy conoce transformaciones no imaginadas hace 30 o 40 años atrás y en ellos, los avances técnicos han jugado un rol primordial. Estos cambios también se hacen presentes en el espacio geográfico aun cuando, en muchas ocasiones, no se manifiesten de manera visible. El interés por aproximarnos a la historia del presente se asocia con el hecho de que ella nos da luces para orientar la tarea, nada fácil, de intentar la comprensión de lo nuevo y de cómo se territorializa. Es por ello que con este trabajo, además de ocuparnos, de manera muy sucinta, con los elementos que identifican lo nuevo de nuestro tiempo, se hace una rápida retrospectiva del cómo la ciencia geográfica ha aprehendido a su objeto de estudio: el espacio geográfico, por cuanto se parte de la base de que cada época tiene un sistema de conceptos que la identifican, por lo que éstos deben ser revisados si estamos afirmando que estamos vivenciando un nuevo momento en la historia del hombre. Palabras  clave: Geografía,  técnica,  cambios  recientes,  organización  del  espacio,  transformaciones espaciales, espacio geográfico.AbstractThe world of today knows transformations not imaginable 30 or 40 years ago, and technical advances have played a fundamental role. These changes also are happening in the present in the geographical space even when, in many occasions, they donʼt manifest themselves in a visible way. The interest in knowing the history of the present is the fact that it gives light to orient the task, nothing easy, of trying to understand the new thing and how itʼs represented in the space.Itʼs for that that this work, besides occupying us, in a very succinct way, with the elements that identify the new thing of our time, a fast retrospective is made of how the science of geography has grasp its object of study: the geographical space, in as much as it starts from the base that each period has a system of concepts that identify it, for which these should be revised if we are affirming that we are experiencing a new moment in the history of the man. Key Words: Geography, technique, recent changes, organization of space, special transformations, geographic space.

Functional heterogeneity of medial posterior parietal cortex of macaque monkey

The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) of primates represents a remarkable platform that has evolved over time to solve some of the computational challenges that we face in the everyday life, such as sensorimotor integration, spatial attention, and motor planning. With the aim of further investigating the multifaceted functional characteristics of medial PPC, we conducted three studies to explore the visuomotor, somatic, visual, and attention-related properties of two PPC areas: V6A, a visuomotor area part of the dorsomedial visual stream, and PE, an area strongly dominated by somatomotor input, residing mainly on the exposed surface of the superior parietal lobule. In the first study, we tested the impact of visual feedback on V6A grasp-related activity during arm movements towards objects of different shapes. Our results demonstrate that V6A is modulated by both grip type and visual information during grasping preparation and execution, with a predominance of cells influenced by grip type. In the second study, we explored the influence of depth and direction information on reach-related activity of neurons in the so far largely neglected medial part of area PE. We observed a remarkable trend in medial PPC, going from the joint coding of depth and direction signals caudally, in area V6A, to a largely segregated processing of the two signals rostrally, in area PE. In the third study, we used a combined fMRI-electrophysiology experiment to investigate the neuronal mechanisms underlying covert shift of attention processes in area V6A. Our preliminary results reveal that half of the cells showed shift-selective activity when the monkey covertly shifted its attention towards the receptive field. All together these findings highlight the role of the medial PPC in integrating information coming from different sources (vision, somatosensory and motor) and emphasize the involvement of action-related regions of the dorsomedial visual stream in higher level cognitive functions.

Safe and Collaborative Navigation & Interaction With Mobile Manipulators in Domestic Appliance Test Labs

Safe collaboration between a robot and human operator forms a critical requirement for deploying a robotic system into a manufacturing and testing environment. In this dissertation, the safety requirement for is developed and implemented for the navigation system of the mobile manipulators. A methodology for human-robot co-existence through a 3d scene analysis is also investigated. The proposed approach exploits the advance in computing capability by relying on graphic processing units (GPU’s) for volumetric predictive human-robot contact checking. Apart from guaranteeing safety of operators, human-robot collaboration is also fundamental when cooperative activities are required, as in appliance test automation floor. To achieve this, a generalized hierarchical task controller scheme for collision avoidance is developed. This allows the robotic arm to safely approach and inspect the interior of the appliance without collision during the testing procedure. The unpredictable presence of the operators also forms dynamic obstacle that changes very fast, thereby requiring a quick reaction from the robot side. In this aspect, a GPU-accelarated distance field is computed to speed up reaction time to avoid collision between human operator and the robot. An automated appliance testing also involves robotized laundry loading and unloading during life cycle testing. This task involves Laundry detection, grasp pose estimation and manipulation in a container, inside the drum and during recovery grasping. A wrinkle and blob detection algorithms for grasp pose estimation are developed and grasp poses are calculated along the wrinkle and blobs to efficiently perform grasping task. By ranking the estimated laundry grasp poses according to a predefined cost function, the robotic arm attempt to grasp poses that are more comfortable from the robot kinematic side as well as collision free on the appliance side. This is achieved through appliance detection and full-model registration and collision free trajectory execution using online collision avoidance.