On the Southern Ocean CO2 uptake and the role of the biological carbon pump in the 21st century, links to supplementary material

We use a suite of eight ocean biogeochemical/ecological general circulation models from the MAREMIP and CMIP5 archives to explore the relative roles of changes in winds (positive trend of Southern Annular Mode, SAM) and in warming- and freshening-driven trends of upper ocean stratification in altering export production and CO2 uptake in the Southern Ocean at the end of the 21st century. The investigated models simulate a broad range of responses to climate change, with no agreement ona dominance of either the SAM or the warming signal south of 44° S. In the southernmost zone, i.e., south of 58° S, they concur on an increase of biological export production, while between 44 and 58° S the models lack consensus on the sign of change in export. Yet, in both regions, the models show an enhanced CO2 uptake during spring and summer. This is due to a larger CO 2 (aq) drawdown by the same amount of summer export production at a higher Revelle factor at the end of the 21st century. This strongly increases the importance of the biological carbon pump in the entire Southern Ocean. In the temperate zone, between 30 and 44° S all models show a predominance of the warming signal and a nutrient-driven reduction of export production. As a consequence, the share of the regions south of 44° S to the total uptake of the Southern Ocean south of 30° S is projected to increase at the end of the 21st century from 47 to 66% with a commensurable decrease to the north. Despite this major reorganization of the meridional distribution of the major regions of uptake, the total uptake increases largely in line with the rising atmospheric CO2. Simulations with the MITgcm-REcoM2 model show that this is mostly driven by the strong increase of atmospheric CO2, with the climate-driven changes of natural CO2 exchange offsetting that trend only to a limited degree (~10%) and with negligible impact of climate effects on anthropogenic CO2 uptake when integrated over a full annual cycle south of 30° S.

Measuring the Social Identity of Entrepreneurs: Scale Development and International Validation

Social identity theory offers an important lens to improve understanding of founders as enterprising individuals, the venture creation process, and its outcomes. Yet, further advances are hindered by the lack of valid scales to measure founders’ social identities. Drawing on social identity theory and a systematic classification of founders’ social identities (Darwinians, Communitarians, and Missionaries), we develop and test a corresponding 15-item scale in the Alpine region and validate it in 13 additional countries and regions. The scale allows identifying founders’ social identities and relating them to processes and outcomes in entrepreneurship. The scale is available online in 15 languages.

UM Men's Swimming Team, 1983

Front Row: head coach Jon Urbanchek, Antonio Cerezo, Antonio Cohen, Benoit R. Clement, John Albanese, Kip Kimble, Bruce M. Gemmell, Kevin V. Williamson, Dave Mason, Bruce Kimball, Sam Lee, diving coach Dick Kimball.

Middle Row: Michael Gruber, Bill Eagan, Mike Fabian, Mike Hsi, Scott McKean, Kent Ferguson, Neal W. Bond, Harry N. Canales, Kirstan A. Vandersluis, Greg Dawkins, Mark Noetzel, Asst. coach Fernando Canales.

Back Row: Marc C. Parrish, Bruce Douglas, Jeff Wriston, Anthony Wallingford, John M. Andres, Roy Horning, Andrew R. Montague, Timothy P. Sheridan, Gary M. Antonick, Mike Mastic, manager Steve Roeder.

The Manatitlans; or, A record of recent scientific explorations in the Andean La Plata, S.A.

Mode of access: Internet.

Relationships between wholebody vibration and morbidity patterns among interstate truck drivers /

"Contract no. CDC-99-74-22."

The career of Columbus,

Mode of access: Internet.

See-See; new Chinese comic opera in two acts,

Pl. no. K.P.& Co. Ltd 1690.

Glare and driver vision.

National Highway Safety Bureau, Washington, D.C.

Static and dynamic measurements of motor vehicle drivers.

National Highway Safety Bureau, Washington, D.C.

Establishment of guidelines to aid examining physicians. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety, Washington, D.C.

Farm management work units; teacher's guide,

Mimeographed and multigraphed.

Imperial commonwealth,

Includes bibliographies.

Longitudinal joint systems in slip-formed rigid pavements : interim report /

Mode of access: Internet.

Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste ...

Pt. 80-87, 1st section, have special sub-title: Griechenland.

Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste in alphabeischer Folge /

First section, pt. 99 includes index.