1000 resultados para Eckernförder Bucht off Boknis Eck


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Levels of concentration of lead in the hammerhead shark, Sphyrna couardi, off the Lagos Coast of Nigeria were investigated. The standard length of the specimens examined ranged from 31.4cm to 47.2cm while the weights ranged from 451.5 to 1,667g. The lead concentration ranged from 0.11 degree kg/G to 0.38 degree kg/G. The mean lead concentration was 0.56 degree kg/G (dry weight). The gill has the highest lead concentration. There was no linear correlation between the length and weight and the amount of lead concentrated

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This report presents maps and statistics of summaries by season (dry and wet) of temperature, salinity, density, oxygen concentration, and oxygen saturation at six depths (0, 3, 10, 30, 50, and 100 m) in the Pacific Ocean off the Azuero Peninsula, Panama. Profiles made with a conductivity-temperature-pressure (CTD) probe on a 14-station grid from July 1989 through August 1991 provide the basis for these products. (PDF contains 37 pages.)

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Vortex rings constitute the main structure in the wakes of a wide class of swimming and flying animals, as well as in cardiac flows and in the jets generated by some moss and fungi. However, there is a physical limit, determined by an energy maximization principle called the Kelvin-Benjamin principle, to the size that axisymmetric vortex rings can achieve. The existence of this limit is known to lead to the separation of a growing vortex ring from the shear layer feeding it, a process known as `vortex pinch-off', and characterized by the dimensionless vortex formation number. The goal of this thesis is to improve our understanding of vortex pinch-off as it relates to biological propulsion, and to provide future researchers with tools to assist in identifying and predicting pinch-off in biological flows.

To this end, we introduce a method for identifying pinch-off in starting jets using the Lagrangian coherent structures in the flow, and apply this criterion to an experimentally generated starting jet. Since most naturally occurring vortex rings are not circular, we extend the definition of the vortex formation number to include non-axisymmetric vortex rings, and find that the formation number for moderately non-axisymmetric vortices is similar to that of circular vortex rings. This suggests that naturally occurring vortex rings may be modeled as axisymmetric vortex rings. Therefore, we consider the perturbation response of the Norbury family of axisymmetric vortex rings. This family is chosen to model vortex rings of increasing thickness and circulation, and their response to prolate shape perturbations is simulated using contour dynamics. Finally, the response of more realistic models for vortex rings, constructed from experimental data using nested contours, to perturbations which resemble those encountered by forming vortices more closely, is simulated using contour dynamics. In both families of models, a change in response analogous to pinch-off is found as members of the family with progressively thicker cores are considered. We posit that this analogy may be exploited to understand and predict pinch-off in complex biological flows, where current methods are not applicable in practice, and criteria based on the properties of vortex rings alone are necessary.

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En el presente trabajo, por medio de una revisión de la literatura, identificamos una serie de variables que condicionan las características de los programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-off académicas, establecemos las condiciones bajo las cuales parece que deberían ir en un sentido u otro y perfilamos cuatro modelos básicos de programas.Los resultados del estudio pueden ser una buena guía para las autoridades académicas interesadas en la implantación de un programa de apoyo a la creación de spin-off o para la mejora de la eficiencia de programas ya existentes.

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The studies reported were undertaken as part of a wide environmental feasibility study for the establishment of a modern sewage system in Freetown. The aim of this part of the study was to determine whether the hydrological regime of the Sierra Leone River Estuary would permit the large-scale introduction of sewage into the estuary without damaging the environment. The important factors were whether: 1) there would be sufficient dilution of the sewage; 2) fleatable particles or other substances would create significant adverse effects in the estuarine ecosystem. The outfall sites are described together with the sampling stations, methods and analyses. Results include: 1) T/S profiles; 2) chemical analysis of the water. A review of literature on the Sierra Leone River Estuary is included which provides information on the plankton, benthos and fisheries. Results suggest that at certain points where local circulations occur it would be inadvisable to locate untreated sewage outfalls. Such points are frequently observed in small embayments. These studies have been of short duration but the data can serve as baseline for more extended investigations which would give a more complete picture of the seasonal patterns in the estuary.

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The German trawlfishery on cod in the German Bight causes discards. Their amount since 1983 has been estimated. The losses of millions of fish finally is the reason for losses of thousands of tonnes of valuable landings. The fishermen therefore should improve the selection rate of their nets.

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Obwohl seit längerem bekannt ist, dass diese wohlschmeckende Muschel in der Nordsee vorkommt, gab es dort bis vor wenigen Jahren keine Trogmuschelfischerei. Das änderte sich erst, als es niederländischen Muschelverarbeitungsfirmen gelungen war, aus Trogmuscheln ein exportfähiges Produkt herzustellen. Dementsprechend beantragte auch ein niederländischer Muschelfischerbetrieb als Erster eine erlaubnis zum Fischen von Trogmuscheln in deutschen Gewässern außerhalb von 3 Seemeilen. Inzwischen erhielten auch vier weitere Muschelkutter die Fangerlaubnis. Allerdings wird wegen der begrenzten Absatzmöglichkeiten nur zeitweilig gefischt. Deshalb sind bisher auch noch keine Anzeichen einer Überfischung zu sehen.

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Die wichtigsten Fragen dieser Untersuchungen betreffen die Verbreitung und Konzentrationen der Garnelen im Winter, die Größenzusammensetzung und das Geschlechterverhältnis. Es wird untersucht, welchen Einfluß die Winterfischerei sowie der Wegfraß durch Räuber wie Kabeljau, Wittling, Franzosendorsch etc. auf den Bestand und die fangaussichten der nächsten Saison im Watt haben. Der Anteil eiertragender und nicht eiertragender Weibchen, sowie Schätzungen über die Laichzeiten und das Auftreten von Garnelenlarven im Plankton sollen unsere Kenntnis über die Garnelenbestände ergänzen. Zu klären ist auch wieviel Larven pro Weibchen schlüpfen und ob Sturmserien zur Verdriftung von Larvenwolken führen.

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Seit der letzten speziellen Situationsbeschreibung des Kabeljaubestandes in dieser Zeitschrift sind 4 Jahre vergangen (EHRICH, 1988). In der Zwischenzeit ist besonders den Fischern durch weitere Fangeinbußen bewußt geworden, daß sich der Zustand des Bestandes nicht verbessert, sondern im Gegenteil weiter verschlechtert hat. Die Schonmaßnahmen wie stufenweise Erhöhung der vorgeschriebenen Mindestmaschenweite auf 100 mmm und eine Reduzierung des Fischereiaufwandes in den Jahren 1991 und 1992 auf 70 % des Aufwandes in 1989 (Mindesthafenliegezeit: durchgehend 8 Tage pro Monat oder alternativ Erhöhung der Mindestmaschenweite auf 110 mm für die direkte Fischerei auf Kabeljau und Schellfisch) haben keine positive Wirkung gezeigt.