Cartografias da normalização: discursos da heterossexualidade masculina

O objetivo deste trabalho foi, a partir de pergunta acerca da possibilidade de o normal ser objeto dos estudos da Análise do Discurso francesa de base enunciativa (Maingueneau, 1997, 2008c, 2013), investigar o modo de produção da normalidade em textos voltados para o público heterossexual masculino. Para tanto, utilizamo-nos do quadro teórico já consolidado sobre o assunto (Foucault, 2006, 2010a, 2010d; Canguilhem, 2011) a fim de problematizar aquilo que se consideraria a normalidade sexual e procuramos nos valer do método cartográfico (Deleuze, Guattari, 1995b; Passos, Kastrup, Escóssia, 2010) para abarcar a normalização como dispositivo, constitutivamente disperso. Para atingirmos nosso fim, analisamos a Lei do Orgulho Hetero e sua justificativa (São Paulo, 2005) e uma seção de resposta à dúvida de leitores publicada em Playboy, a partir dos seus pressupostos linguísticos (Ducrot, 1977, 1987). Assim, observando as múltiplas linhas e discursos que atravessam esses enunciados, elegemos as noções de idealidade e de aceitabilidade, baseadas na natureza e na moral, como constituintes de dada noção de normalidade, sempre fugidia. E, finalmente, identificamos a normalização à individuação como processo de produção de subjetividade molar (Guattari, Rolnik, 2011).

Liberté, égalité, ruralité: a influência francesa no discurso agrário dos políticos do Segundo Reinado (1860-1889)

Ao lado de uma forte influência cultural francesa verificada no Brasil Império, ao longo do século XIX, diversas fontes parecem indicar também uma forte presença francesa no domínio agrário, isto é, em projetos, ideias e até medidas concretas, relacionadas ao setor fundiário brasileiro, então marcado por um forte predomínio da grande propriedade rural e escravista, no quadro de uma agricultura voltada principalmente para a exportação. Nossa pesquisa, apoiando-se em documentos diversos (livros, diários, periódicos e relatórios ministeriais), procura apreender a presença de uma real influência francesa no discurso agrário formulado por políticos no Brasil da segunda metade do século XIX, em pleno contexto de gradual abolição da escravidão. Focalizamos desde personalidades famosas do liberalismo brasileiro, como André Rebouças, Tavares Bastos e Joaquim Nabuco, até membros da esfera administrativa imperial, especificamente do Ministério da Agricultura. O estudo aborda as referências intelectuais francesas dos personagens estudados, e examina alguns textos citados pelos brasileiros, no período compreendido entre 1860 e 1889. Com base em ampla consulta bibliográfica, junto à historiografia brasileira e à historiografia francesa, abordamos o contexto agrário dos dois países, desde fins do século XVIII até o final do século XIX e examinamos o impacto de medidas instituídas na França como o imposto territorial e da ação e pensamentos de homens como Mathieu de Dombasle, Michel Chevalier e Léonce Lavergne. Buscamos, assim, compreender em que medida a França teria contribuído para a disseminação de um discurso voltado para a modernização da agricultura brasileira, no contexto de transição do trabalho escravo para o trabalho livre no Brasil imperial, e para a formação de um ideário favorável ao estímulo à pequena propriedade fundiária.

Relações entre manifestações insólitas e marcas históricas em Le livre des nuits de Sylvie Germain

A proposta deste estudo é analisar o surgimento de uma nova manifestação do insólito ficcional no cenário literário francês novecentista, caracterizada pela incorporação insólita de eventos históricos. Em consonância com o questionamento pós-moderno sobre as limitações do discurso histórico tradicional, que pretendeu representar fielmente o passado, muitos romances insólitos publicados na França na segunda metade do século XX inseriram o referente histórico posicionando-o no mesmo grau de realidade que os fenômenos insólitos narrados. Levando em conta o quadro geral da pós-modernidade, pretendemos analisar a confluência entre elementos insólitos e referências históricas em Le Livre des Nuits, de Sylvie Germain, publicado em 1984. Tal romance, caracterizado pela fusão entre o ordinário e o extraordinário, apresenta eventos históricos, como a guerra franco-prussiana e as grandes guerras mundiais, que provocam reações sobrenaturais nos personagens. Utilizando a noção de metaficção historiográfica proposta por Linda Hutcheon, analisaremos a incorporação de eventos do passado em Le Livre des Nuits, não como dados históricos, mas como elementos ficcionais que integram a realidade mágica e plural do romance. Esta dissertação visa identificar como os elementos insólitos atribuem uma dimensão sócio-histórica aos personagens, analisando os procedimentos textuais que viabilizam a coexistência entre o real e o irreal no universo romanesco. Para um estudo mais aprofundado dos protocolos narrativos que compõem nosso objeto de estudo, examinaremos também outros romances publicados no mesmo período, como Moi, Tituba, Sorcière... de Maryse Condé e La Sorcière de Marie Ndiaye, que apresentam uma caracterização similar das manifestações insólitas, que se integram harmoniosamente à realidade histórica dos personagens

Dinâmica socioeconômica do município de Macaé/RJ: uma análise do mercado de trabalho formal após a quebra do monopólio na exploração do petróleo

Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar as transformações socioeconômicas, com ênfase na dinâmica do mercado de trabalho, que ocorreram no município de Macaé, principalmente após a promulgação da Lei n 9.478, de 06/08/1997. Esta lei acabou com o monopólio da petrobras no que concerne a prospecção de petróleo atraindo para a região inúmeras empresas multinacionais. A importância do estudo deste municípío se deve ao fato de Macaé exercer um importante papel economico na retomada do crescimento da economia do Estado do Rio de Janeiro em funçaõ da indústria petrolífera e seus impactos estarem além de suas fronteiras, repercurtindo em toda a região norte fluminense e municípios da baixada litorãnea. Outro aspecto abordado é a forma como a região norte fluminense sempre esteve ligada aos projetos de desenvolvimento de nosso país, principalmente no que diz respeito a políticas energéticas, como o proálcool e o petróleo. Macaé tornou-se um pólo econômico muito forte para o capital porém, as contradições do sistema capítalista caminham na mesma proporção que o dinheiro do petróleo, logo as desigualdades sociais despontam de maneira muito forte e o mercado de trabalho local reflete esta contradição.

O léxico do Brasil em dicionários de língua portuguesa do século XIX

Esta tese estuda o registro do léxico brasileiro em dicionários de língua portuguesa do século XIX, numa perspectiva linguística e metalexicográfica. Foram analisados todos os títulos que integram o cânone da dicionarística portuguesa, de caráter geral e monolíngue, no período em questão, quanto à proposta lexicográfica explícita e quanto à microestrutura de uma seção da nominata (todos os brasileirismos iniciados pela letra c). A partir da análise comparativa dos dicionários, foi possível estabelecer, em termos quantitativos e qualitativos, quais edições são relevantes para o registro de termos brasileiros no século XIX: quatro edições do dicionário de Morais e a edição de Caldas Aulete. Embora amplamente utilizada, a marcação diatópica não é alvo de discussão nas obras lexicográficas estudadas. Depreende-se, pelo emprego da marca termo do Brasil, equivalente a brasileirismo, que se trata de um conceito geográfico que, às vezes, coincide com o de origem. Três dicionários de vocábulos brasileiros publicados entre 1852 e 1889 foram identificados como fontes de consulta dos dicionários gerais. Os itens lexicais brasileiros foram observados segundo parâmetros linguísticos e lexicográficos: etimologia, tipo de brasileirismo (lexical ou semântico), regionalismos brasileiros, campos semânticos e tipos de definição. Esses parâmetros permitiram identificar continuidades e rupturas na tradição dicionarística do século XIX e apontar para modos de observar a manutenção dessa tradição no século XX

O sofrimento de adolescentes internados : a escuta psicanalítica na Clínica do Cuidar

A possibilidade de uma intervenção psicanalítica na clínica do cuidar, bem como a escuta de adolescentes cujo sofrimento causado pela doença crônica exige a hospitalização, são as duas questões centrais desta dissertação. Nossa pesquisa tem início na análise da estrutura da clínica psicanalítica que é sustentada na Enfermaria do Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente/NESA/UERJ. Faz-se um percurso pela teoria lacaniana da fase do espelho, como base da identificação especular, para que, em seguida, se possa verificar de que modo o mandamento do amor ao próximo está presente no ato de cuidar. Com Freud, coloca-se em primeiro plano a questão libidinal relativa ao processo da doença física. Destaca-se também o conceito freudiano de inibição que fundamenta a explicação das modalidades de retração da libido. O debate psicanalítico sobre a influência do inconsciente e as alterações que ele provoca no quadro da doença orgânica traz uma contribuição à clínica médica. A ausência de investimento libidinal afetivo nas figuras parentais, na clínica com adolescentes cujo corpo está adoecido, é o ponto em que este trabalho se conclui, demonstrando que para alguns adolescentes esta é a principal razão de seu óbito

Size distribution of heavy mineral grains in some modern Nile Delta coastal sands, Egypt

This study includes determination and discussion of the texture and heavy mineral compositions of some modem Nile Delta coastal sands (river, coastal dune, beach-face, and nearshore marine) in order to delineate the process and factors that regulate the size distribution of heavy mineral grains comprising these coastal sands. Textural analysis of unseparated bulk samples indicate that the examined four types of sands differ in their mean grain sizes and degree of sorting. However, analysis of size distribution curves of 10 heavy mineral species or group of species in the four environments having the same general shape and nearly similar in that general order of arrangement. However, these curves vary both in median sizes and sorting. The size distribution of a heavy mineral in the Nile Delta coastal sands appear to depend on: (1) range of grain size fractions in each sample, (2) relative availability of heavy mineral in each size grade of the sample, (3) specific gravity of minerals comprising these sands, and (4) some other unknown factor or factors. Results of size measurement of heavy minerals indicated that increasing specific gravity is accompanied by increasing fineness of the heavy minerals. This study may be useful in search for marine placers and understanding the processes of grain-sorting on the sea beaches.

Man-made desert algal crusts as affected by environmental factors in Inner Mongolia, China

Man-made desert algal crusts were constructed on a large scale (3000m(2)) in Inner Mongolia, China. Microcoleus vaginatus was mass cultivated and inoculated directly onto unconsolidated sand dune and irrigated by automatic sprinkling micro-irrigation facilities. The crusts were formed in a short time and could resist the erosion of winds and rainfalls 22 days after inoculation. The maximum biomass in the man-made algal crusts could also reach 35 mu g Chl a/cm(2) of soil. Effects of environmental factors such as temperature, irrigation, rainfall and soil nutrients on algal biomass of man-made algal crusts were also studied. It was found that rainfalls and lower light intensity had significantly positive effects on the biomass of man-made algal crusts. The preliminary results suggested that man-made algal crusts could be formed rapidly, and thus it might be a new feasible alternative method for fixing unconsolidated sand. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿人工固沙群落土壤水分与适宜密度研究

土壤水分是影响半干旱区人工固沙植被生存生长的关键因素。本文依据水量平衡原理，在植物群落层次上探讨沙地水分与植被恢复关系。以科尔沁沙地流沙治理中广泛应用的小叶锦鸡儿群落为研究对象，通过对降水入渗、根系分布和生长、蒸腾速率的研究，分析了不同年龄、密度和坡向的小叶锦鸡儿群落生长季节土壤水分动态和蒸散量，从水分平衡角度探讨在科尔沁沙地西部条件下人工植被建设中的适密度问题。研究结果表明：对于1mx1m密度小叶锦鸡儿人工植被区：随着植被年龄增长，根系分布呈现浅层化趋势，82.25％以上根系分布在O一100cm深度土壤中，浅层土壤截留降水能力增加，降水入渗深度减少，土壤逐步由水分淋溶型转变为非淋溶型；土壤水分含量降低，群落的稳定性下降。对不同年龄、密度、坡向的沙地小叶锦鸡儿群落生长季节土壤水分状况和蒸散量分析表明，1m×1m密度4年生植被区和2m×2m密度19年生植被区土壤含水量高于凋萎湿度，生长末期土壤贮水量有较多节余，土壤水分能够满足植物生长需求。在保证小叶锦鸡儿群落的固沙作用和群落稳定性、土壤水分收支平衡的前提下，科尔沁沙地西部小叶锦鸡儿固沙植被适宜密度为：植被建立初期（1-4年）采用1m×1m密度，成龄后适宜密度为2m×2m。

塔克拉玛干沙漠地球化学研究

The Taklamakan Desert, lying in the center Tarim Basin of sourthern Xinjiang, is the largest sand sea in China and well known in the world as its inclemency. For understanding the formation and evolution of the Taklamakan Desert, it is very important to identify the provenance of aeolian sediments in the extensive dune fields, but the opinions from earlier studies are quite different. In this study, we examined the major- and trace-element compositions, mineral compositions and grain-size distributions of some Quaternary aeolian and nonaeolian sediments collected from the Taklamakan Desert, together with the variation of chemical and mineralogical compositions of different grain-size fraction. At the same time, we also studied the chemistries of some natural water samples (river water and groundwater) with the items of TDS, pH, Alkalinity, conductivity and major cation and anion compositions. Our results of analysis show some significant opinions as follow: Most of the frequency-distribution curves of grain size of dune sand samples are simgle peak, but that of the river and lacustrine sediment are most double peak or multi-peak. The grain-size distribution of dunefield sand changed gradually from north to south with the major wind direction in large scale, but there are many differences in regional scale. The major, REE, trace element compositions and mineral compositions are very different among the coarse, fine fraction and bulk samples due to the influence of grain-size. Most of the fine fractions are geochemically homogenous, but the coarse fractions and bulk samples are heterogenous. All the surface and ground waters are limnetic or sub-salty, their chemical compositions are mainly controlled by rock-weathering and crystallization- evaporation processes, and mainly come from the evaporate, while the contributions of the carbonate and silicate are little, excluding the influence on oasis water by carbonate. The mineral compositions of selected samples are stable, mainly composed of the strongly resistant mineral types. The mineral maturity of them are more immature at whole compared with other sandy sediments in the world, and they have experienced less degree of chemical weathering and recycling, being lying in the early stage of continental weathering. Among these sediments, the river sediments are relatively primitive. The sources of these sediments are maybe mainly terrigenous, silicic and subaluminous/ metalunious rocks, such as the granodiorite and its metamorphic rock. The geochemical compositions of dunefield sand are similar with those of the river sediments and dune sands near the river way; There are not only the resemblances but also the differences on geochemistry and granularity between north and south dunesands; The sediments from same section have different age but same trace-element compositions; The sediments from the south edge of Tarim Basin are all somewhat geochemically similar with the palaeo-river-sediment on the south edge of studying area. The REE data support the idea that the south dunesands are a little older than the north dunesands, and the tectonic settings of source area are mainly active continental margin based on the major-element compositions, so they indicate that the sediment of Taklamakan Desert maybe come mainly from the rock-weathering production of north part of the Kunlun Mountains. Compared with the sands of other dune field in north of China, the sands of the Taklamakan Desert are distinct by REE composition, but similar with the Luochuan loess, center China, and the two sandy dusts of Beijing, eastern China.

末次冰盛期以来中国东部沙地空间分布特征及环境记录

The latest two extreme scenarios of last glacial maximum and Holocene climatic optimum marked extreme situations in China. This paper aims to reconstruct the fossil extensions and paleoclimate of deserts in eastern China during this typical period. Aeolian sequence responds the climate change by virtue of alternation of aeolian sand layer and sandy soil layer, which correspond aridity and humidity, respectively. There is a set of contrastive deposits made up of loose sand layer and overlying dark sandy soil below land surface. This developed soil and underlying deep aeolian sand respond to H.O. and late last glacial, i.e. LGM. The typical bottom sand layers of about 50 profiles of Hulun Buir Desert, Horqin Desert and Otindag Desert were dated using OSL to confirm that they did deposid in LGM. Based on the locations of these LGM sand, distrution of gobi-desert-loess and landform control, the distribution in LGM of the three deserts were reconstructed. For the block of eastern mountain, the extreme eastern boundary of Hulun Buir Desert and Otindag Desert are not just functioned by climate background. The east of Horqin Desert is plain, hence eastern boundary of this desert is maily controlled by climate. It is considered that quite a lot of aeolian sand of LGM origined from fluvial deposit by observing regional distribution of river and SEM of sand grains. The environment alternation of of LGM-H.O. is featured by extensive expanse of active dune in LGM and grassland in H.O. Combined grain-size, susceptibility, TOC, colour and SEM measurement, the OSL chronology of relatively continued profiles since LGM of the three deserts are divided into four periods: eolian sand (15-10ka)- sandy soil (10-5ka)- alternation of black sand and yellow sand- reworking of LGM sand as destroy of soil.

中国北方表沙无机碳储量及次生碳酸盐固碳潜力研究

This paper selected the Taklamakan Desert and the Badain Jaran Desert as the research areas, tested the carbonate content of surface-sand samples of dunes using Eijkelkamp carbonate goniophotometer, and analyzed the spatial-distribution characteristics of carbonate and estimated the carbonate-stock and secondary carbonate-stock in 1m depth of surface sand in the Taklamakan Desert and the Badain Jaran Desert. In addition, the paper test XRD, SEM, TDA, stable carbon isotope and radioactive strontium isotope of lacustrine deposits in the Taklamakan Desert and carbonates, such as kunkar, root canal, lacustrine deposits, sinter and calcrete, in the Badain Jaran Desert. Resting on the achievements by our predecessors, it analyzed the mineral-composition differences of the carbonates, calculated the contents of secondary carbonate and, furthermore, evaluated their potential of sequestration of CO2 in the atmosphere. The overall goal of this study was to increase our understanding of soil carbonate in the context of carbon sequestration in the arid region in China. That is, to advance our understanding about whether or not secondary carbonate in desert is a sink for atmospheric CO2. The following viewpoints were obtained: 1 Carbonate contents of surface-sand samples decend from the south to the north of the Taklamakan Desert. The minimum lies in the south and the maxmum in the mid. Carbonate content of surface-sand of megadunes in the Badain Jaran Desert has low value generally in the dune-crest and the base of slope, and large value in the mid. The average of Carbonate contents of all sorts of collected samples in the same area of the Taklamakan Desert has small diffetences. The average is about 9%. 2 Using carbonate contents as key parameters, calculate the carbon-stock of carbonates in 1m depth of surface sand in the Taklamakan Desert and the Badain Jaran Deser.They are 1.13Pg and 0.19 Pg respectively. There are 0.53Pg and 0.088Pg carbon-stock of secondary-carbonates in 1m depth of surface sand in the Taklamakan Desert and the Badain Jaran Desert. 3 Through testing data from XRD （X-ray diffraction）and TAD ( Thermal Analysis Data), the most significant conclusion derived from is that the main mineral ingredient is calcite in different carbonate substances in arid regions, From the SEM(Scanning electron microscopy ) images, can obtains the information about the micro environment of different carbonate forms in which they can grow. 4 Selected gas by termal cracking and traditional phosphoric acid method, their δ13C show that δ13C is a good parameter to indicate the micro environment in which different secondary carbonate forms. From the δ13C of the same type samples, if the redeposit degree is hard, theδ13C is light, the redeposit degree is weak, the δ13C is heave. and the δ13C of the different type samples, δ13C is mainly controlled by the micro environment in which secondary formed. if the procedure is characterized by redeposit and dissolve of marine facies carbonate, δ13C is heavy, it is characterized by CO2 which produced by plant respiration,δ13C is light. 5 From the δ13C of lacustrine deposit in the different grain size, there exsit certain differences in their micro environment and secondary degree among different grain size in the same grade. 6 The secondary carbonate content of lacustrine deposits in Taklimakan Desert is 47.26%. And those of root canal, sinter, calcrete, kunkar, lacustrine deposit and surface sand in Badain Jaran Desert are 91.74%, 78.46%, 76.26%, 87.87%, 85.37%and 46.49%, respectively. Of different grain size samples, the secondary carbonate contents of coarse fraction (20-63μm), sub-coarse fraction (5-20μm) and fine fraction (<5μm) are 80.10%, 47.2%and 50.07%, respectively. 7 There is no obvious relevance betweenδ13C of secondary carbonate and the content of secondary carbonate,theδ13C of secondary carbonate mainly reflects the parameters of secondary process, the content of secondary carbonate reflects difference of secondary degree.. 8 Silicates potentially supply 3.4 pencent calcium source during forming process of lacustrine deposits in Taklimakan Desert. If calcium source is mainly supplied by goundwater, it can be calculated that about 5.18 %, 6.13%, 5.68%, 5.64 % and 6.82% silicates supply calcium source respectively for root canal, kunkar, lacustrine deposit, calcrete and sinter, during the forming process of different kinds of carbonates in Badain Jaran Desert.

细粒沉积物多组分粒度特征及其成因机制研究

By using high-resolution laser grain size instrument Mastersizer 2000, the grain size distribution of windblown depositions (loess and sandy dunes), aqueous sediments (lake, river, riverside and foreshore sand), weathering crust, sloping materials and other fine-grain sediments are systemically measured. The multimodal characteristics of grain size distribution of these sediments are carefully studied. The standard patterns and their grain size characteristics of various sediments are systemically summarized. The discrepancies of multimodal distribution among windblown depositions, aqueous sediments and other sediments are concluded and the physical mechanisms of grain size multimodal distribution of various sediments are also discussed in this paper. The major conclusions are followed: 1. The multimodal characteristic of grain size distribution is a common feature in all sediments and results from properties of transportation medium, dynamic intensity, transportation manner and other factors. 2. The windblown depositions are controlled by aerodynamic forcing, resulting in that the median size of the predominant mode gradually decreases form sandy dunes to loess. Similarly, the aqueous sediments are impacted by dynamic forces of water currents and the median grain size of the predominant mode decreases gradually from river to lake sediments. Because the kinetic viscidity of air is lower than of water, the grain size of modes of windblown depositions is usually finer than that of corresponding modes of aqueous sediments. Typical characteristics of sediments grain size distribution of various sediments have been summarized in the paper: (1) Suspended particles which diameters are less than 75μm are dominant in loess and dust. There are three modes in loess’ grain size distribution: fine, median and coarse (the median size is <1μm、1-10μm、10-75μm, respectively). The coarse mode which percentage is larger than that of others is controlled by source distance and aerodynamic intensity of dust source areas. Some samples also have a saltation mode which median size is about 300-500μm. Our analysis demonstrates that the interaction of wind, atmospheric turbulence, and dust grain gravity along the dust transportation path results in a multimodal grain size distribution for suspended dust. Changes in the median sizes of the coarse and medium modes are related to variation in aerodynamic forcing (lift force related to vertical wind and turbulence) during dust entrainment in the source area and turbulence intensity in the depositional area. (2) There is a predominant coarse saltation mode in grain size distribution of sandy dunes, which median size is about 100-300μm and the content is larger than that of other modes. The grain size distribution curve is near axis symmetric as a standard logarithm normal function. There are some suspended particles in some samples of sandy dunes, which distribution of the fine part is similar to that of loess. Comparing with sandy samples of river sediments, the sorting property of sandy dunes is better than of river samples although both they are the saltation mode. Thus, the sorting property is a criterion to distinguish dune sands and river sands. (3) There are 5~6 modes (median size are <1μm, 1-10μm, 10-70μm, 70-150μm, 150-400μm, >400μm respectively) in grain size distribution of lacustrine sediments. The former 4 modes are suspensive and others are saltated. Lacustrine sediments can be divided into three types: lake shore facies, transitional facies and central lake facies. The grain size distributions of the three facies are distinctly different and, at the same time, the transition among three modes is also clear. In all these modes, the third mode is a criteria to identify the windblown deposition in the watershed. In lake shore sediments, suspended particles are dominant, a saltation mode sometimes occurs and the fourth mode is the most important mode. In the transitional facies, the percentage of the fourth mode decreases and that of the second mode increases from lake shore to central lake. In the central lake facies, the second mode is dominant. A higher content of the second mode indicates its position more close to the central lake. (4) The grain size distribution of river sediments is the most complex. It consist of suspension, saltation and rolling modes. In most situations, the percentage of the saltation mode is larger than that of other modes. The percentage of suspension modes of river sediments is more than of sandy dunes. The grain size distribution of river sediments indicates dynamic strength of river currents. If the fourth mode is dominant, the dynamic forcing of river is weaker, such as in river floodplain. If the five or sixth mode is dominant, the water dynamic forcing of rivers is strong. (5) Sediments can be changed by later forcing in different degree to form some complicated deposition types. In the paper, the grain size distribution of aqueous sediments of windblown deposition, windblown sediments of aqueous deposition, weathering crust and slope materials are discussed and analyzed. 3. The grain size distribution characteristics of different sediments are concluded: (1) Modal difference: Usually there are suspended and saltation modes in the windblown deposition. The third mode is dominant in loess dust and the fifth mode is predominant in sandy dunes. There are suspended, saltation and rolling particles in aqueous sediments. In lacustrine sediments, the second and fourth mode are predominant for central lake facies or lake shore facies, respectively. In river sediments, the fourth, or fifth, or sixth mode is predominant. Suspended modes: the grain size of suspended particles of windblown depositions usually is less than 75μm. The content of suspended particles is lower or none in sandy dunes. However, suspended particles of aqueous sediments may reach 150μm. Difference in grain size of suspended modes represents difference between transitional mediums and the strength of dynamic forcing. Saltation modes: the median size of saltation mode of sandy dunes fluctuates less than that of river sediments. (2) Loess dust and lacustrine sediment: Their suspended particles are clearly different. There is an obvious pit between the second and the third modes in grain size distribution of lacustrine sediments. The phenomenon doesn’t occur in loess dust. In lacustrine sediments, the second mode can be a dominant mode, such as central lake facies, and contents of the second and the third modes change reversely. However, the percentage of the third mode is always the highest in loess dust. (3) Dune Sand and fluvial sand: In these two depositions, the saltation particles are dominant and the median sizes of their saltation modes overlay in distribution range. The fifth mode of dune sand fluctuates is sorted better than that of fluvial sand. (4) Lacustrine and fluvial sediments: In lacustrine sediments, there are 5-6 modes and suspended particles can be predominant. The second mode is dominant in central lake facies and the third mode is dominant in lake shore facies. Saltation or roll modes occurred in central lake facies may indicate strong precipitation events. In fluvial sediments, saltation particles (or rolling particles) usually dominant. 4. A estimation model of lake depth is firstly established by using contents of the second, the third and the fourth modes. 5. The paleoenvironmental history of the eastern part of SongLiao basin is also discussed by analyzing the grain size distribution of Yushu loess-like sediments in Jilin. It was found that there is a tectonic movement before 40ka B.P. in SongLiao basin. After the movement, loess dust deposited in Yushu area as keerqin desert developed. In recent 2000 years, the climate became drier and more deserts activated in the eastern part of Song-Liao basin.