A computer model of family building based on expected values; abstract of an article by Potter and Sakoda

Includes bibliography

Views and thinking regarding the application of computer technology for development in the ECLA region: draft for discussion

Includes bibliography

Computer applications in the Transport and Communications Division of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

Presenta la experiencia de la Division de Transportes y Comunicaciones en el uso de computadores para aplicaciones substantivas. Examina los sistemas aplicados - codigo de puertos, ISIS, TRANDIS, COMPA -; el uso de procesamiento de textos en la preparacion de documentos de investigacion e informes y en la correspondencia, y entrega algunas consideraciones con respecto al uso de los microcomputadores.

Interpretação de perfis dos carbonatos fraturados da Bacia do Pará-Maranhão

A finalidade deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo de caso dos carbonatos terciários da bacia do Pará-Maranhão, do ponto de vista da interpretação dos perfis registrados nessa área. Dois poços-chave, X e Y, foram escolhidos para o estudo. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado utilizando os recursos do programa LOGCALC, instalado no computador IBM-3090, da Petrobrás, e, também, o sistema DLPS, instalado no VAX-8600, da Universidade Federal de Pará. A avaliação da porosidade e, principalmente, das saturações, é dificultada pelas características não-convencionais dos carbonatos. A litologia é complexa, a salinidade da água de formação é relativamente baixa, em torno de 10.000 ppm de NaCl, a densidade das rochas é elevada e os carbonatos estão fraturados. Para diminuir o efeito da composição mineralógica, foi necessário discriminar os diferentes tipos litológicos. Três tipos de carbonatos foram identificados: calcário, calcário arenoso e calcário dolomitizado. A identificação litológica permite maior controle dos parâmetros da matriz e dos expoentes de porosidade das rochas, conduzindo a estimativas de porosidade e de saturações mais confiáveis. A presença de fraturas influencia, marcadamente, a resposta dos perfis, conforme pode ser notado no perfil de identificação de fraturas, nos perfis de resistividade, de densidade e na curva de raios-gama espectral do poço X. O expoente de porosidade, m, tomado do gráfico de Pickett, é frequentemente inferior a 1,5, valor considerado inerente a rochas fraturadas. Os modelos de Rasmus (1983) e de Porter et al.(1969), foram testados para calcular as saturações de água e óleo. A equação tradicional de Archie (1942), com a e m apropriados, também foi aplicada neste trabalho. O esquema para estimativa de saturações que conduz a resultados mais coerentes com os dados dos testes de formação, nos intervalos fraturados, é a saturação de Rasmus, calculada com a relação de Archie aplicada com o expoente de porosidade variável, tomado do modelo de Rasmus.

Computer intensive methods for controlling bias in a generalized species diversity index

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A hybrid neutron diffraction and computer simulation study on the solvation of N-methylformamide in dimethylsulfoxide

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Practising Arithmetic Using Educational Video Games with an Interpersonal Computer

Studies show the positive effects that video games can have on student performance and attitude towards learning. In the past few years, strategies have been generated to optimize the use of technological resources with the aim of facilitating widespread adoption of technology in the classroom. Given its low acquisition and maintenance costs, the interpersonal computer allows individual interaction and simultaneous learning with large groups of students. The purpose of this work was to compare arithmetical knowledge acquired by third-grade students through the use of game-based activities and non-game-based activities using an interpersonal computer, with knowledge acquired through the use of traditional paper-and-pencil activities, and to analyze their impact in various socio-cultural contexts. To do this, a quasi-experimental study was conducted with 271 students in three different countries (Brazil, Chile, and Costa Rica), in both rural and urban schools. A set of educational games for practising arithmetic was developed and tested in six schools within these three countries. Results show that there were no significant differences (ANCOVA) in the learning acquired from game-based vs. non-game-based activities. However, both showed a significant difference when compared with the traditional method. Additionally, both groups using the interpersonal computer showed higher levels of student interest than the traditional method group, and these technological methods were seen to be especially effective in increasing learning among weaker students.

Fluorescence Level of Composites Assessed by Computer Processing of Digital Images - ScanWhite

The human dentition is naturally translucent, opalescent and fluorescent. Differences between the level of fluorescence of tooth structure and restorative materials may result in distinct metameric properties and consequently perceptible disparate esthetic behavior, which impairs the esthetic result of the restorations, frustrating both patients and staff. In this study, we evaluated the level of fluorescence of different composites (Durafill in tones A2 (Du), Charisma in tones A2 (Ch), Venus in tone A2 (Ve), Opallis enamel and dentin in tones A2 (OPD and OPE), Point 4 in tones A2 (P4), Z100 in tones A2 ( Z1), Z250 in tones A2 (Z2), Te-Econom in tones A2 (TE), Tetric Ceram in tones A2 (TC), Tetric Ceram N in tones A1, A2, A4 (TN1, TN2, TN4), Four seasons enamel and dentin in tones A2 (and 4SD 4SE), Empress Direct enamel and dentin in tones A2 (EDE and EDD) and Brilliant in tones A2 (Br)). Cylindrical specimens were prepared, coded and photographed in a standardized manner with a Canon EOS digital camera (400 ISO, 2.8 aperture and 1/ 30 speed), in a dark environment under the action of UV light (25 W). The images were analyzed with the software ScanWhite©-DMC/Darwin systems. The results showed statistical differences between the groups (p < 0.05), and between these same groups and the average fluorescence of the dentition of young (18 to 25 years) and adults (40 to 45 years) taken as control. It can be concluded that: Composites Z100, Z250 (3M ESPE) and Point 4 (Kerr) do not match with the fluorescence of human dentition and the fluorescence of the materials was found to be affected by their own tone.

A nature-inspired approach to speed up optimum-path forest clustering and its application to intrusion detection in computer networks

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Computer graphics applied to anatomy: a study of two bio-cad modeling methods on finite element analysis of human edentulous hemi-mandible

Modeling is a step to perform a finite element analysis. Different methods of model construction are reported in literature, as the Bio-CAD modeling. The purpose of this study was to perform a model evaluation and application using two methods of Bio-CAD modeling from human edentulous hemi-mandible on the finite element analysis. From CT scans of dried human skull was reconstructed a stereolithographic model. Two methods of modeling were performed: STL conversion approach (Model 1) associated to STL simplification and reverse engineering approach (Model 2). For finite element analysis was used the action of lateral pterygoid muscle as loading condition to assess total displacement (D), equivalent von-Mises stress (VM) and maximum principal stress (MP). Two models presented differences on the geometry regarding surface number (1834 (model 1); 282 (model 2)). Were observed differences in finite element mesh regarding element number (30428 nodes/16683 elements (model 1); 15801 nodes/8410 elements (model 2). D, VM and MP stress areas presented similar distribution in two models. The values were different regarding maximum and minimum values of D (ranging 0-0.511 mm (model 1) and 0-0.544 mm (model 2), VM stress (6.36E-04-11.4 MPa (model 1) and 2.15E-04-14.7 MPa (model 2) and MP stress (-1.43-9.14 MPa (model 1) and -1.2-11.6 MPa (model 2). From two methods of Bio-CAD modeling, the reverse engineering presented better anatomical representation compared to the STL conversion approach. The models presented differences in the finite element mesh, total displacement and stress distribution.

Evaluation of the Computer-based Battery for Oral Language (BILOv3) through the Rasch model for a Brazilian Sample

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)